tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-305205952024-02-19T22:31:10.685-08:00Philately and Stamp CollectingUnknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger396125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-48912955195268555252023-11-22T06:35:00.000-08:002023-11-22T06:35:50.758-08:00Some videos I posted this year<p> Here are some of the videos I posted this past year....</p><p>They are in order from Oldest to newest, you can also check my Philately playlist for the older videos as well: <a href="https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkMdv3hONuf0ck0yFsMuD2xzkclcp3BQa">https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLkMdv3hONuf0ck0yFsMuD2xzkclcp3BQa</a></p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/LLQyQvuUjAY" width="320" youtube-src-id="LLQyQvuUjAY"></iframe></div><div><br /></div><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Slovenia S.H.S and Croatian S.H.S stamps on pieces</span><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/DCAUP1nul1c" width="320" youtube-src-id="DCAUP1nul1c"></iframe></div><div><br /></div><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Germany 1948 Bizone stamps on cover </span></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/agbxC9xrJt0" width="320" youtube-src-id="agbxC9xrJt0"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Covers with 1850/60s Bavarian stamps</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/b39r7T_fw0Y" width="320" youtube-src-id="b39r7T_fw0Y"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bosnia and Hercegovina 1906 perforated, imperforated and obliterated sets</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">See also here for images.... </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><a href="http://www.stampio.org/2019/01/the-revenge-of-yugoslavia-on-bosnian.html">http://www.stampio.org/2019/01/the-revenge-of-yugoslavia-on-bosnian.html</a></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/TS9kVuQHQyY" width="320" youtube-src-id="TS9kVuQHQyY"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bosnia and Herzegovina stamps that arrived today, also showing what I already had in my collection</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/8AkONCYBA7M" width="320" youtube-src-id="8AkONCYBA7M"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">A look at Bosnia 1913 Newspaper stamps...Girl in Bosnian Costume (Mädchen in bosnischer Tracht)</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/DHdgwIk5yG0" width="320" youtube-src-id="DHdgwIk5yG0"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Red Cross/Red Crescent First Day Covers</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/BSTapbW0Mkg" width="320" youtube-src-id="BSTapbW0Mkg"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Swiss airmail covers including Aaurau and Helicopter mail</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/jbtZ_1un6mE" width="320" youtube-src-id="jbtZ_1un6mE"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Austria 1863-1880 mercury newspaper stamps and newspaper tax stamps</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/LgmEb8OJBH4" width="320" youtube-src-id="LgmEb8OJBH4"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Epirus Chimarra Issue 1914 Possibly forgeries</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/rgg8aJi3C_A" width="320" youtube-src-id="rgg8aJi3C_A"></iframe></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Germany 1875 until about 1990s stamp accumulation</span></div></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/k4xjnevRaBQ" width="320" youtube-src-id="k4xjnevRaBQ"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bayern/Bavaria special catalog and Bavarian Wagon Wheel (Mühlradstempel) cancels on stamps</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/LhoktZHixi0" width="320" youtube-src-id="LhoktZHixi0"></iframe></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">First day covers from the Netherlands</span></div></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/SmI4CS8mqdo" width="320" youtube-src-id="SmI4CS8mqdo"></iframe></div><div><br /></div><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Books: European Stamp Issues and the 1st/2nd World War, Chainbreakers: Stamps of Slovenia 1919/21</span></div></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span></div><div><span style="color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></span><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/QCHK6dO65xg" width="320" youtube-src-id="QCHK6dO65xg"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Stamps on envelopes that I received in the mail</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/UxVa_9KnYDk" width="320" youtube-src-id="UxVa_9KnYDk"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Belgian collection on Vario pages part 1</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/JNBxWM6nNac" width="320" youtube-src-id="JNBxWM6nNac"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Belgian collection on Vario pages part 2</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/jU_nuCkQHcg" width="320" youtube-src-id="jU_nuCkQHcg"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">First look at the new Netherlands 2024 NVPH stamp special catalog</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/LzbqFTxKT3s" width="320" youtube-src-id="LzbqFTxKT3s"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Netherlands Doorlopers.. stamps where the design continues on the next stamp</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/vit-GnnGBOc" width="320" youtube-src-id="vit-GnnGBOc"></iframe></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Quick video about the Sakura stamp catalog (原色日本切手図鑑) I purchased a few weeks ago
One thing I noticed, they have different sections for stamps... even more so than Scott :-(</span></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #0d0d0d; font-family: Roboto, Noto, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div><br /><p><br /></p></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-71629965299352374912023-04-25T12:19:00.001-07:002023-04-27T10:50:03.362-07:00 Added to my collection in April 2023<p>This will just be a post with all the stamps that I added to my collections in April 2023</p><p><br /></p><p><b>April 2nd</b></p><p><b>Germany Bizone 1948 buildings on cover</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-bIJlBoTsUfhJBg3xA0l72fbuMW0_SZIO2eolptm-DoolhlYfp2_nvz3FF8HkIAkABoUQS6yXLi5pzMb4rMG5tMOUui6dvCEOue-sQUczJMMmrRDh02VbLJUF31siKOCKXe8O1RXg3jCxlxZ9u508-NScE4qPpxA-HBAEEZ5dHYV_F2kmGw/s844/Germany%20Bizone%201948%20buildings%20on%20cover.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany Bizone 1948 buildings on cover" border="0" data-original-height="603" data-original-width="844" height="458" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-bIJlBoTsUfhJBg3xA0l72fbuMW0_SZIO2eolptm-DoolhlYfp2_nvz3FF8HkIAkABoUQS6yXLi5pzMb4rMG5tMOUui6dvCEOue-sQUczJMMmrRDh02VbLJUF31siKOCKXe8O1RXg3jCxlxZ9u508-NScE4qPpxA-HBAEEZ5dHYV_F2kmGw/w640-h458/Germany%20Bizone%201948%20buildings%20on%20cover.png" title="Germany Bizone 1948 buildings on cover" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>I always liked this series.. when I saw this cover with 12 of the buildings stamps I had to have it :-)</p><p>You can also see the video I made here</p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="373" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/DCAUP1nul1c" width="488" youtube-src-id="DCAUP1nul1c"></iframe></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><b>April 10th</b></p><p><b>West Germany 1953 MiNr 173/176</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1uHmzCpM3f3KJnBInZ4bigYDEAdvegnJuIPXrns6XXnEweLDDmuc4T6FNFvCvsRQI2v1IcYHm-u50QaoZRM892lKColONbiEHBc9byjBlDTHaeXjd0JDdutnEBSkyTcO6JCGXTxlUqt4uKODYW38XrvMuTLIeMMpaRebOJ4-0kR353uXs9A/s746/West%20Germany%201953%20MiNr%20173_176.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="West Germany 1953 MiNr 173/176" border="0" data-original-height="746" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh1uHmzCpM3f3KJnBInZ4bigYDEAdvegnJuIPXrns6XXnEweLDDmuc4T6FNFvCvsRQI2v1IcYHm-u50QaoZRM892lKColONbiEHBc9byjBlDTHaeXjd0JDdutnEBSkyTcO6JCGXTxlUqt4uKODYW38XrvMuTLIeMMpaRebOJ4-0kR353uXs9A/w550-h640/West%20Germany%201953%20MiNr%20173_176.webp" title="West Germany 1953 MiNr 173/176" width="550" /></a></div><br /><p>Beautiful engraving on these stamps</p><p><br /></p><p>Germany 1946 MiNr Block 12B</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO4f7vB_wbdSfDDLwqyhzvOdaGWSop3ngz6jepqvIFx18RDzX0CZry5zwrehWh8HeVwDOhhnPYs-4C9hiUBwnhjSLIEyjwFU8O7e0pESVDAa__cf39G91umXDLOQbLuPhmCPeWLG3Tljui-yA5M_3UVqFAn4w-dXkI-Ck_LHfk9u8jPVJfWQ/s960/Germany%201946%20MiNr%20Block%2012B.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany 1946 MiNr Block 12B" border="0" data-original-height="720" data-original-width="960" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhO4f7vB_wbdSfDDLwqyhzvOdaGWSop3ngz6jepqvIFx18RDzX0CZry5zwrehWh8HeVwDOhhnPYs-4C9hiUBwnhjSLIEyjwFU8O7e0pESVDAa__cf39G91umXDLOQbLuPhmCPeWLG3Tljui-yA5M_3UVqFAn4w-dXkI-Ck_LHfk9u8jPVJfWQ/w640-h480/Germany%201946%20MiNr%20Block%2012B.webp" title="Germany 1946 MiNr Block 12B" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div>The perforated stamps you can find everywhere.. this block is a bit rarer</div><div><br /></div><p><b>April 20th</b></p><p><b>Bosnia 1906 series imperforated </b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSpGXouXLg66vu8t2a0JMDk8VkE7UWUF_Q-uXSpbY4_4_t5aMbdOBP1j8khoOaCkcxxphRv2GPOHQHkJw1CYHNs7zGLj-qvuRZ3Ji8V5k-ZbHAwTKJ-wEH5-9Trrs9fJVllRRn46CpIndo-tvyHBSxqoDosLCfjm11XhvV5rk83Fk6Hf6K2Q/s845/Bosnia%201906%20series%20%20imperforated.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Bosnia 1906 series imperforated" border="0" data-original-height="845" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSpGXouXLg66vu8t2a0JMDk8VkE7UWUF_Q-uXSpbY4_4_t5aMbdOBP1j8khoOaCkcxxphRv2GPOHQHkJw1CYHNs7zGLj-qvuRZ3Ji8V5k-ZbHAwTKJ-wEH5-9Trrs9fJVllRRn46CpIndo-tvyHBSxqoDosLCfjm11XhvV5rk83Fk6Hf6K2Q/w484-h640/Bosnia%201906%20series%20%20imperforated.webp" title="Bosnia 1906 series imperforated" width="484" /></a></div><br /><p>I have the regular series, the 'revenge' series as well as the SHS overprints. There are also many different perforations including interesting compound perforations.</p><p><br /></p><p>I made a video as well where I show some of these</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="266" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/b39r7T_fw0Y" width="518" youtube-src-id="b39r7T_fw0Y"></iframe></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>Switzerland 1917 Pro Juventute </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZpgrM457t9mL_GvuQ0vTXsC7_gR33mIkZAwKXGEH89xtUMM1TCY9xN1En0RHiqlz0AJJYrlsAEmY9w0z5MSGqRQReyd7LKZXjPJMUMUF7COeL_SyWYlSpxnwAQmrD7eFpyV_tB3podXSJntKGsDjSunrQ_j5y7pqZ9MB3pUTfdqWYfMJ-XQ/s736/Switzerland%201917%20Pro%20Juventute%20MiNr%20133_135%20Scott%20B7_B9.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland 1917 Pro Juventute MiNr 133/135 Scott B7/B9" border="0" data-original-height="736" data-original-width="640" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZpgrM457t9mL_GvuQ0vTXsC7_gR33mIkZAwKXGEH89xtUMM1TCY9xN1En0RHiqlz0AJJYrlsAEmY9w0z5MSGqRQReyd7LKZXjPJMUMUF7COeL_SyWYlSpxnwAQmrD7eFpyV_tB3podXSJntKGsDjSunrQ_j5y7pqZ9MB3pUTfdqWYfMJ-XQ/w556-h640/Switzerland%201917%20Pro%20Juventute%20MiNr%20133_135%20Scott%20B7_B9.webp" title="Switzerland 1917 Pro Juventute MiNr 133/135 Scott B7/B9" width="556" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>Michel catalog MiNr 133/135. Scott catalog B7/B9</p><p><br /></p><p><b>April 27</b></p><p><b>Germany 1872 30 Groschen</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipZeuFFrA6-0ebjDt4IYf8xtKB7xJVePVGTOAHPnU20aKsH7RmXoG18tOMxasP0exJk0D729cF2nq32aynWE4SZYtHhEEGNJDQxfSYprbZBBZqu5SG1fRP071xAkbQKKWMKQaS02PNR6mOalFyeoIVOnZFk9vJo8RIyziDmi9hpSkYrCpTlQ/s611/Germany%201872%20Scott_Michel%2013.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany 1872 Scott/Michel 13" border="0" data-original-height="603" data-original-width="611" height="632" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipZeuFFrA6-0ebjDt4IYf8xtKB7xJVePVGTOAHPnU20aKsH7RmXoG18tOMxasP0exJk0D729cF2nq32aynWE4SZYtHhEEGNJDQxfSYprbZBBZqu5SG1fRP071xAkbQKKWMKQaS02PNR6mOalFyeoIVOnZFk9vJo8RIyziDmi9hpSkYrCpTlQ/w640-h632/Germany%201872%20Scott_Michel%2013.jpg" title="Germany 1872 Scott/Michel 13" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>For once the catalog number are the same number 13 in both Scott and Michel</p><p>Nice mint hinged stamp</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Switzerland 1916 Pro Juventute </b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8Ycrq3YpS_ZiA3gvcxjhxRO1vW08bzpGikYj9ntKt1_q8k0JB7VBpbcQ_GgjuVCaH6yrE61-fPsH2Z_0eXWg2pym8G8UcUPNzD5HJLcZPcS9fU-7WFoZw0YOO-MLI2jI4Am83zcIBJPmVl2qf5EU5XeMLbwqJ9jF77YR8vFX-ktZqSGJqbQ/s566/Switzerland%201916%20Pro%20Juventute.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland 1916 Pro Juventute Michel catalog MiNr 130/132. Scott catalog B4/B6" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="503" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8Ycrq3YpS_ZiA3gvcxjhxRO1vW08bzpGikYj9ntKt1_q8k0JB7VBpbcQ_GgjuVCaH6yrE61-fPsH2Z_0eXWg2pym8G8UcUPNzD5HJLcZPcS9fU-7WFoZw0YOO-MLI2jI4Am83zcIBJPmVl2qf5EU5XeMLbwqJ9jF77YR8vFX-ktZqSGJqbQ/w568-h640/Switzerland%201916%20Pro%20Juventute.jpg" title="Switzerland 1916 Pro Juventute Michel catalog MiNr 130/132. Scott catalog B4/B6" width="568" /></a></div><br /><p>Michel catalog MiNr 130/132. Scott catalog B4/B6</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Switzerland 1951 LUNABA sheet</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqTCEyLNznMkxEZw2BWW7bTI1JYP8lflBvvI262CC0Lyn0fpcgwSr41JT_tsKwu1GAvcDNBg35K05Xm84X4u-nM42J8MIgF4ogIf7Nphu4YbuOCsmSrNUcCZ6KRi9HY6wC7FuFCK24UVmcQFOmgGKd8VMXTCmtwloybeajS7mOWl6gNk7CPQ/s728/Switzerland%201951%20LUNABA%20sheet.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland 1951 LUNABA sheet" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="728" height="498" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqTCEyLNznMkxEZw2BWW7bTI1JYP8lflBvvI262CC0Lyn0fpcgwSr41JT_tsKwu1GAvcDNBg35K05Xm84X4u-nM42J8MIgF4ogIf7Nphu4YbuOCsmSrNUcCZ6KRi9HY6wC7FuFCK24UVmcQFOmgGKd8VMXTCmtwloybeajS7mOWl6gNk7CPQ/w640-h498/Switzerland%201951%20LUNABA%20sheet.jpg" title="Switzerland 1951 LUNABA sheet" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Michel block number 14, Scott B206</p><div><br /></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-70429287559161174572023-03-22T07:14:00.003-07:002023-03-22T15:47:07.863-07:00 Added to my collection in March 2023<p>This will just be a post with all the stamps that I added to my collections in March 2023</p><p><br /></p><p><b>March 5</b></p><p><b>German States Hamburg 1859</b></p><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_r45a7ahySNdIk60CbV7SeU2ytw-fBFtYka8AwULLqoh90eF6Z2fTf1rbVEtoAEnwds9hk_zatUF0JYze1-cPiXKZhiNE2avCCvUZeVAHgspNxKJJlMzHqhOHBygk_gCkL_nE6Ex-3B25Jh_5YRVmt8-70LiUtWm1liPaC-udhk-wR3cskg/s226/German%20States%20Hamburg%201859%20no%202.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="German States Hamburg 1859 no 2" border="0" data-original-height="226" data-original-width="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_r45a7ahySNdIk60CbV7SeU2ytw-fBFtYka8AwULLqoh90eF6Z2fTf1rbVEtoAEnwds9hk_zatUF0JYze1-cPiXKZhiNE2avCCvUZeVAHgspNxKJJlMzHqhOHBygk_gCkL_nE6Ex-3B25Jh_5YRVmt8-70LiUtWm1liPaC-udhk-wR3cskg/s16000/German%20States%20Hamburg%201859%20no%202.png" title="German States Hamburg 1859 no 2" /></a></div><br /><p>Number 2 in both Scott and Michel catalogs</p><p><br /></p><p><b>March 12</b></p><p><b>1956 Northern Countries common issues</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1uzRjBNMlHWSlkqQoYhgqElIdWOvYn4vTF293ES7vRzCcT_RIPgFzJUTDidq4rIpwzQHTke0YamK-n1M7j7gNDknzcvXCP5_wLCMa8DE_WM0c1TNaSDVei8Tnj7_8X5KzYqYy4hSimk741lLeYiHvloexmMDJ2SNx7JQmv5-Gr2kIX-KKNg/s640/1956%20Northern%20Countries%20issues.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="1956 Northern Countries issues" border="0" data-original-height="439" data-original-width="640" height="440" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1uzRjBNMlHWSlkqQoYhgqElIdWOvYn4vTF293ES7vRzCcT_RIPgFzJUTDidq4rIpwzQHTke0YamK-n1M7j7gNDknzcvXCP5_wLCMa8DE_WM0c1TNaSDVei8Tnj7_8X5KzYqYy4hSimk741lLeYiHvloexmMDJ2SNx7JQmv5-Gr2kIX-KKNg/w640-h440/1956%20Northern%20Countries%20issues.webp" title="1956 Northern Countries issues" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Scott lists these as Northern instead of Nordic. Always nice to see them all together</p><p><br /></p><p><b>1969 Northern Countries common issues</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVoh-Ta02I6Wmt1AsbXwbDv5cZ2pbNr8xYtE3EaxtHw1rl9APJ4QbBruvVxxcziZGYZma9ocrcsIp3B8I6WWTDGVukQYNm0UKaVs8j77OWlRY5hpe4b5W5f1CYZOaJCUIe_V2C182p1_8y5fmNTZ8ednSFehlUvKIcezdILQaZhB6OAlft6Q/s640/1969%20Northern%20Countries%20issues.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="1969 Northern Countries issues" border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="640" height="604" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiVoh-Ta02I6Wmt1AsbXwbDv5cZ2pbNr8xYtE3EaxtHw1rl9APJ4QbBruvVxxcziZGYZma9ocrcsIp3B8I6WWTDGVukQYNm0UKaVs8j77OWlRY5hpe4b5W5f1CYZOaJCUIe_V2C182p1_8y5fmNTZ8ednSFehlUvKIcezdILQaZhB6OAlft6Q/w640-h604/1969%20Northern%20Countries%20issues.webp" title="1969 Northern Countries issues" width="640" /></a></div><br /><b><br /></b><p></p><p>Always nice to see them all together</p><p><br /></p><p><b>March 21st</b></p><p><b>Germany 1949 Bizone MiNr Block 1a</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG_ZOr29zdUslxop0F1Brue4GB7NNSlTt1KawiU1B0z6btyM-xgtj2HpPQZZB7NN7EZHT0meFQoqkbk00D3THlJsDWZj_Xv6Ztr-fCpf4Y35Pe_Nr7RDB4yYSeRzXnzyaJzqrvxgKmOrznLg0a1kGdiQz9joy86-bez13Nkw4bSxqqJu_CNQ/s909/Germany%201949%20Bizone%20MiNr%20Block%201a.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany 1949 Bizone MiNr Block 1a" border="0" data-original-height="545" data-original-width="909" height="384" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhG_ZOr29zdUslxop0F1Brue4GB7NNSlTt1KawiU1B0z6btyM-xgtj2HpPQZZB7NN7EZHT0meFQoqkbk00D3THlJsDWZj_Xv6Ztr-fCpf4Y35Pe_Nr7RDB4yYSeRzXnzyaJzqrvxgKmOrznLg0a1kGdiQz9joy86-bez13Nkw4bSxqqJu_CNQ/w640-h384/Germany%201949%20Bizone%20MiNr%20Block%201a.png" title="Germany 1949 Bizone MiNr Block 1a" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p>Scott number 664a</p><p>I always loved this bloc</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Austria 1948 Kunstlerhaus semi-postals</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifyA1Env2QZHfTwUjX9gKYp1Htibbkg2KfvgwE_c7AdSRa84Ioz5VwigV9h48n3fyzK82WMiprk8KQgFvVz38seMkta4H1Ojnid5zjwYHkFG-embnh9VASBACjoMoYSKXSq2EZ9E0uYtX2uHfnJvMZhAD1fkPWj87XALfVKhgmLMynha9GKQ/s1151/Austria%201948%20MiNr%20878_884.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria 1948 MiNr 878_884" border="0" data-original-height="724" data-original-width="1151" height="402" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEifyA1Env2QZHfTwUjX9gKYp1Htibbkg2KfvgwE_c7AdSRa84Ioz5VwigV9h48n3fyzK82WMiprk8KQgFvVz38seMkta4H1Ojnid5zjwYHkFG-embnh9VASBACjoMoYSKXSq2EZ9E0uYtX2uHfnJvMZhAD1fkPWj87XALfVKhgmLMynha9GKQ/w640-h402/Austria%201948%20MiNr%20878_884.png" title="Austria 1948 MiNr 878_884" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Scott B245/B251, Michel 878/884</p><p>Kunstlerhaus, home of the leading Austrian Artist Association. 80th Anniversary</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Switzerland 1960 Pro Patria Block 17</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwREp-pLL7egyUF8uKALqDnKHip6VJCnN0grsiZWPB9Hon0rdt3QiwPjLtpIJs7cLZOH4-xgX4hkHTk2ThazZr9YPEYvrN2NFimoAlJXzrCg6sFgFdhfxQPp35o28UzTTauAk2qGmdkMwfibFgqbekmv6YtCk_oOaPbLz37xMn57C7gIHFJg/s701/Switzerland%201960%20Pro%20Patria%20Block%2017.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland 1960 Pro Patria Block 17" border="0" data-original-height="607" data-original-width="701" height="554" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjwREp-pLL7egyUF8uKALqDnKHip6VJCnN0grsiZWPB9Hon0rdt3QiwPjLtpIJs7cLZOH4-xgX4hkHTk2ThazZr9YPEYvrN2NFimoAlJXzrCg6sFgFdhfxQPp35o28UzTTauAk2qGmdkMwfibFgqbekmv6YtCk_oOaPbLz37xMn57C7gIHFJg/w640-h554/Switzerland%201960%20Pro%20Patria%20Block%2017.png" title="Switzerland 1960 Pro Patria Block 17" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Scott B297, Michel block 17</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Slovenia 1993 Europa CEPT contemporary art</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTIkOtX6d0zjMn4SbTewWOKlBcqqfut8Rs92tZa5L87I5A_7-NQw9pZ8mLbkuIXa-kipVSbV-E7ZXwKQxJra0Fot1H7RwkFHKNdGFq14Bsf7kwZrsE47CA3vRghgsrXtRZyAw7OzxXZJx8Ch4vuQDTmw-FyB0qPjLNhYUkLZAhSmDeHGVJxQ/s1600/Slovenia%201993%20Europa%20CEPT%20contemporary%20art.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Slovenia 1993 Europa CEPT contemporary art" border="0" data-original-height="1287" data-original-width="1600" height="514" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTIkOtX6d0zjMn4SbTewWOKlBcqqfut8Rs92tZa5L87I5A_7-NQw9pZ8mLbkuIXa-kipVSbV-E7ZXwKQxJra0Fot1H7RwkFHKNdGFq14Bsf7kwZrsE47CA3vRghgsrXtRZyAw7OzxXZJx8Ch4vuQDTmw-FyB0qPjLNhYUkLZAhSmDeHGVJxQ/w640-h514/Slovenia%201993%20Europa%20CEPT%20contemporary%20art.jpg" title="Slovenia 1993 Europa CEPT contemporary art" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Adding this to my CEPT collection</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Modern-ish German mint stamps</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqVIyk9MG9A9vZxZ6PAAADSECpfFXqN7lXIpkQ8CIy495YFH_zJaBq-YLJfM_tQsJW6gpcE0VYN1LspnPjrE9vEtaxttBR8QELLmj2Ii2c2pxVzXUchv3E23QssgAgQDzjju8DXwh-zZkS3pYiWY20GPpuBQJQB0I1leOXqkItesg2BPxP-w/s1394/Germany%20modern%20.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany modern" border="0" data-original-height="826" data-original-width="1394" height="380" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjqVIyk9MG9A9vZxZ6PAAADSECpfFXqN7lXIpkQ8CIy495YFH_zJaBq-YLJfM_tQsJW6gpcE0VYN1LspnPjrE9vEtaxttBR8QELLmj2Ii2c2pxVzXUchv3E23QssgAgQDzjju8DXwh-zZkS3pYiWY20GPpuBQJQB0I1leOXqkItesg2BPxP-w/w640-h380/Germany%20modern%20.png" title="Germany modern" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-35613044966572031662023-02-28T11:48:00.003-08:002023-02-28T11:48:36.523-08:00ChatGPT write a blog post describing why philately is the best hobby <p> </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNM1vtVOjFJZHhvt5Fu_lnvPfbyCHkVV_kcY1Rl1owyu4BfFkxX0xMtXVNrljjtu3iD8a7nPYSKFUTktTdr-h-XUeHUDMMNSpxNtGtK2NIP2xdXXoOyq44QK_5hHQB6EGlpN2lU6Zr15Xe0_qhjd6iYakVlky8TU3p96vPT-R5nAU-TwfA6Q/s1174/ChatPhila.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="ChatGPT write a blog post describing why philately is the best hobby" border="0" data-original-height="581" data-original-width="1174" height="316" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNM1vtVOjFJZHhvt5Fu_lnvPfbyCHkVV_kcY1Rl1owyu4BfFkxX0xMtXVNrljjtu3iD8a7nPYSKFUTktTdr-h-XUeHUDMMNSpxNtGtK2NIP2xdXXoOyq44QK_5hHQB6EGlpN2lU6Zr15Xe0_qhjd6iYakVlky8TU3p96vPT-R5nAU-TwfA6Q/w640-h316/ChatPhila.JPG" title="ChatGPT write a blog post describing why philately is the best hobby" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p>I decided to ask ChatGPT to write a blog post describing why philately is the best hobby </p><p><br /></p><p>Here is the answer:</p><p>Philately, the hobby of collecting stamps, has been enjoyed by people of all ages for over a century. It is a unique hobby that offers countless benefits, including being an excellent stress reliever. In this blog post, we will explore why philately is the best hobby and how it can help reduce stress.</p><p><br /></p><p>Firstly, philately is an exciting and challenging hobby that offers endless opportunities for learning and exploration. Collectors can focus on a particular country, time period, or theme, making it an excellent way to learn about history, geography, culture, and politics. Collectors can also appreciate the artistry and design of stamps, which often feature unique and intricate illustrations, photographs, and typography.</p><p><br /></p><p>In addition to being an enjoyable and educational pastime, philately has many practical benefits. Collectors can build valuable collections that can appreciate in value over time, making it a potential source of income. Stamps are also relatively inexpensive, making it an accessible hobby for people of all income levels. Furthermore, philately is a social hobby that can connect collectors from around the world, building friendships and networks based on shared interests.</p><p><br /></p><p>Perhaps most importantly, philately is an excellent stress reliever. Engaging in a hobby is a great way to reduce stress and promote relaxation. Philately provides an escape from daily stressors by allowing collectors to focus on their collections, which can help improve mood and reduce anxiety. It also promotes mindfulness, as collectors must pay attention to details and focus on the present moment to appreciate and organize their collections.</p><p><br /></p><p>Moreover, the repetitive and organized nature of philately can be soothing for those who enjoy structure and routine. Collectors can spend hours organizing and categorizing their stamps, which can provide a sense of accomplishment and control over their lives. Additionally, the act of physically handling stamps can be calming, as it provides a tactile and sensory experience that can be therapeutic.</p><p><br /></p><p>In conclusion, philately is a versatile and fulfilling hobby that offers numerous benefits, including being an excellent stress reliever. It promotes learning, creativity, and mindfulness while providing a sense of accomplishment and connection to others. Whether you are a seasoned collector or a beginner, philately is an engaging and rewarding hobby that can help improve your overall wellbeing.</p><p><br /></p><p>What do you think?</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-24421899610666109962023-02-03T13:05:00.005-08:002023-04-10T07:02:45.313-07:00 Added to my collection in February 2023<p>This will just be a post with all the stamps that I added to my collections in February 2023</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>February 1st</b></p><p><b>Michel Germany 1945 and later special catalog, Austria Special catalog</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6kfyh6qIxm144lX_diaGfNjcFStCYPoifi--GDBEhY4ig3fDAtGGeGbg8puTTHTcnlQV0M8NPU2CQUpaNAbHvIvl9nuESsdsXkTgcl5gQg9REEmOqRfDd_CWW57SOAlOukje55ZGIirIrjXwC9g-WDBITRPpcpEj_b653slysZX-8XcCLqQ/s2015/Michel%20Germany%201945%20and%20later%20special%20catalog,%20Austria%20Special%20catalog.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Michel Germany 1945 and later special catalog, Austria Special catalog" border="0" data-original-height="983" data-original-width="2015" height="312" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6kfyh6qIxm144lX_diaGfNjcFStCYPoifi--GDBEhY4ig3fDAtGGeGbg8puTTHTcnlQV0M8NPU2CQUpaNAbHvIvl9nuESsdsXkTgcl5gQg9REEmOqRfDd_CWW57SOAlOukje55ZGIirIrjXwC9g-WDBITRPpcpEj_b653slysZX-8XcCLqQ/w640-h312/Michel%20Germany%201945%20and%20later%20special%20catalog,%20Austria%20Special%20catalog.jpeg" title="Michel Germany 1945 and later special catalog, Austria Special catalog" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>These are not stamps of course...</p><p>Ordered these in December but they have been stuck in custom since December 11th. got a refund and reordered, they finally arrived</p><p>Just looking at this one page of Austria overprint faults.....</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgH6A_aVMdWj9jRhp4_bPmlqEJGp4WWrDp_59S8Io2KUur9SCPDM3_Z6IEMUdbBb7Td5_M3QvMOFYjWyqH7iQJmuec39jrrjoOapfEkKqbZuMSYkzPfNfkMoChxP6wmFLiyd0HOyRKB-xF-6RKARQDMsvXdprU_xRvjqsFWFE8UXJObe2x4A/s2016/Austria%20surcharge%20faults.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria surcharge faults" border="0" data-original-height="1512" data-original-width="2016" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgH6A_aVMdWj9jRhp4_bPmlqEJGp4WWrDp_59S8Io2KUur9SCPDM3_Z6IEMUdbBb7Td5_M3QvMOFYjWyqH7iQJmuec39jrrjoOapfEkKqbZuMSYkzPfNfkMoChxP6wmFLiyd0HOyRKB-xF-6RKARQDMsvXdprU_xRvjqsFWFE8UXJObe2x4A/w640-h480/Austria%20surcharge%20faults.jpeg" title="Austria surcharge faults" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div>I have a lot of checking to do.. just the 5 Heller stamps has 32 different overprint faults<br /><p><br /></p><p><b>February 3rd</b></p><p><b>Slovenia and Croatia S.H.S stamps</b></p><p>Lots of variety here with paper, colors perforations etc etc</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Slovenia SHS 1919 3L19 imperforated in between</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9XfFZlW93ggLEHeVRPEt8zzdE1BlvzfAsrFLTQ3mr0jFzgddoGS_XMeHuanxqfJhu1ER1gXnFed_y8mqHyK3kNLhRp1O8N6X2LFQpzlSYiBaAAxx9XniPuVB-DH9kEFOiSmfJFE6_61RwvayKwOO6gzfKixolS1Dc15mVZUbr1VX5Uxv-Dg/s1858/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%203L19%20imperforated%20in%20between.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Slovenia SHS 1919 3L19 imperforated in between" border="0" data-original-height="1291" data-original-width="1858" height="444" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9XfFZlW93ggLEHeVRPEt8zzdE1BlvzfAsrFLTQ3mr0jFzgddoGS_XMeHuanxqfJhu1ER1gXnFed_y8mqHyK3kNLhRp1O8N6X2LFQpzlSYiBaAAxx9XniPuVB-DH9kEFOiSmfJFE6_61RwvayKwOO6gzfKixolS1Dc15mVZUbr1VX5Uxv-Dg/w640-h444/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%203L19%20imperforated%20in%20between.jpeg" title="Slovenia SHS 1919 3L19 imperforated in between" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Scott 3L19 imperforated in between</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Slovenia SHS Postage Due serrate roulette blind perforation</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDTab609vIdSbP_4hcP2xuZoGsJ6AlkP1MORf1x8UecJANq-m6hIjqxycZaJWuaEtOlLoVn617yUF3JaEFLJK78Dt07BgUPFP7LlQCweZuB9EsZnsJSVpqwFeOEakET3YWkVGZB3b2UpssR8W-qt8nIyoFxcObsvaUToq9HUpEHPOc_Nj8gQ/s2015/Slovenia%20SHS%20Postage%20Due%20SLJ30%20serrated%20roulette%20blind%20perforation.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Slovenia SHS Postage Due serrated roulette blind perforation" border="0" data-original-height="1015" data-original-width="2015" height="322" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDTab609vIdSbP_4hcP2xuZoGsJ6AlkP1MORf1x8UecJANq-m6hIjqxycZaJWuaEtOlLoVn617yUF3JaEFLJK78Dt07BgUPFP7LlQCweZuB9EsZnsJSVpqwFeOEakET3YWkVGZB3b2UpssR8W-qt8nIyoFxcObsvaUToq9HUpEHPOc_Nj8gQ/w640-h322/Slovenia%20SHS%20Postage%20Due%20SLJ30%20serrated%20roulette%20blind%20perforation.jpeg" title="Slovenia SHS Postage Due serrated roulette blind perforation" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Scott SLJ30 serrate roulette blind perforation</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Slovenia SHS 1920 Newspaper stamps surcharged with gum on stamps</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWyO5U8RL9eSXUlprETCfXUFf4GOvaKLOPAJPjYLRtBxmR-N84t67rHQbSCLXxRGX5kGcmMlP6FX0UZybZyHi62BQedTZgh1PKkA1Bc3ILAAyOSHVDlIn92rnMluUm1XLpb9P_1EmfJxf7xUvx1JA8m6eZBHvswjAbAoRIyKSNxQmC8j1IKQ/s2016/Slovenia%20SHS%20Newspaper%20stams%20surcharged%20with%20gum%20on%20stamps.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Slovenia SHS Newspaper stamps surcharged with gum on stamps" border="0" data-original-height="2016" data-original-width="1512" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWyO5U8RL9eSXUlprETCfXUFf4GOvaKLOPAJPjYLRtBxmR-N84t67rHQbSCLXxRGX5kGcmMlP6FX0UZybZyHi62BQedTZgh1PKkA1Bc3ILAAyOSHVDlIn92rnMluUm1XLpb9P_1EmfJxf7xUvx1JA8m6eZBHvswjAbAoRIyKSNxQmC8j1IKQ/w480-h640/Slovenia%20SHS%20Newspaper%20stams%20surcharged%20with%20gum%20on%20stamps.jpeg" title="Slovenia SHS Newspaper stamps surcharged with gum on stamps" width="480" /></a></div><div><br /></div>Scott 3LP14, Ljubljana print, lithography, gum on both sides.<div>You can't really tell from this image.. but if you hold the stamps and move them towards the light, you can see it has gum on the side where the surcharge is</div><div><br /><div><br /><p><b>Slovenia SHS and Croatia SHS on postal pieces</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK0TN28btUrZ9qUOxXyazLBIzQahBVKiVA6tzWAqWfUop4aErbBkOhbh1xlp0SPlRMh5YftOzXZ8nxKfVgkFVqlIaEfH3UI5wNrYW5aZxl1GTp9dnmThJUrx6JcRYLb_xgRVP-6mQA75Q0eMnrHKtXaKj-BaazvIFrSzzP3HuUqhhRPrxvqQ/s1555/Croatia%20SHS%20on%20postal%20pieces.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Croatia SHS on postal pieces" border="0" data-original-height="1451" data-original-width="1555" height="598" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK0TN28btUrZ9qUOxXyazLBIzQahBVKiVA6tzWAqWfUop4aErbBkOhbh1xlp0SPlRMh5YftOzXZ8nxKfVgkFVqlIaEfH3UI5wNrYW5aZxl1GTp9dnmThJUrx6JcRYLb_xgRVP-6mQA75Q0eMnrHKtXaKj-BaazvIFrSzzP3HuUqhhRPrxvqQ/w640-h598/Croatia%20SHS%20on%20postal%20pieces.jpeg" title="Croatia SHS on postal pieces" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbIXu_tHHkg6m9mfASyFXkH5DoyIpSmdY-CWUaVbCoDQMEASvXtiZNpHz2ol6UzCw9IsBkopp4WRSTXvJHC664qCKaBtIOkf_u66xFejq_QhEVqvSP51NIjMUypBOwh1UOoad2nlGzpLNn-JJXE9ElIgCk7LvndjcWXjf8OjRT2IzfVVKHrA/s1610/Slovenia%20SHS%20on%20postal%20pieces.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Slovenia SHS on postal pieces" border="0" data-original-height="1512" data-original-width="1610" height="602" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbIXu_tHHkg6m9mfASyFXkH5DoyIpSmdY-CWUaVbCoDQMEASvXtiZNpHz2ol6UzCw9IsBkopp4WRSTXvJHC664qCKaBtIOkf_u66xFejq_QhEVqvSP51NIjMUypBOwh1UOoad2nlGzpLNn-JJXE9ElIgCk7LvndjcWXjf8OjRT2IzfVVKHrA/w640-h602/Slovenia%20SHS%20on%20postal%20pieces.jpeg" title="Slovenia SHS on postal pieces" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>A few used pieces, belowis also a video of these...</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><iframe allowfullscreen="" class="BLOG_video_class" height="333" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/LLQyQvuUjAY" width="401" youtube-src-id="LLQyQvuUjAY"></iframe></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><b>February 12th</b></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Netherlands 1921 Goudse glazen</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikc6TPvGHMKCKmDJxpGB8J6sxeLC6ISjYt4wnCIH0HUIitRipmLTCREnmlGgTxZEP0Qf5kkglJSaJAbeWHl9t_hGo8y3WVGks31hvzXaB8BVRsHc-GssuEcJnml05CzS93Sg_vy1rUnkRyqQljAi6Ef3J8TTXUbYB4wDb0vE0ZMb9pUlsXSg/s835/Netherlands%201921%20Goudse%20glazen.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1921 Goudse glazen" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="835" height="434" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikc6TPvGHMKCKmDJxpGB8J6sxeLC6ISjYt4wnCIH0HUIitRipmLTCREnmlGgTxZEP0Qf5kkglJSaJAbeWHl9t_hGo8y3WVGks31hvzXaB8BVRsHc-GssuEcJnml05CzS93Sg_vy1rUnkRyqQljAi6Ef3J8TTXUbYB4wDb0vE0ZMb9pUlsXSg/w640-h434/Netherlands%201921%20Goudse%20glazen.jpg" title="Netherlands 1921 Goudse glazen" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>NVPH catalog 238/239</p><p>Notice the old spelling goudsche...</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Netherlands 1956 Europa CEPT</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6sCXJDxn0vO82DznwVHtpVsNnAzEofGVHhpnbSD8ashgbmBwNdnlOL71024TSTJUYVXDfUEyRk8sRlaR_mOlIxa2iACM9dqY7Ka6G_kdjQXCtBGRaJeAILO3IOkWAirca7HhmEXImptMpLVTsy4N_ubwECFFpkELrler84f-a2DWTiFrbJQ/s828/Netherlands%201956%20CEPT.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="828" height="438" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi6sCXJDxn0vO82DznwVHtpVsNnAzEofGVHhpnbSD8ashgbmBwNdnlOL71024TSTJUYVXDfUEyRk8sRlaR_mOlIxa2iACM9dqY7Ka6G_kdjQXCtBGRaJeAILO3IOkWAirca7HhmEXImptMpLVTsy4N_ubwECFFpkELrler84f-a2DWTiFrbJQ/w640-h438/Netherlands%201956%20CEPT.jpg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>The first Europa CEPT stamps issued</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Europa CEPT several years</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg_t8yEZ611DDJBf2RcKmxXvQFB1T7PLEtSgBe3RY8_haFgGWU5tENdLsZFdBv3uyLX1yXRI2hk_voF1pAqrWxjy0pp0KPsSi3KzN-On6UPCsQ1_ISVwA2pJUAVRFRhEz4kmgrvj7LGBxMY-zyoy_WCgS727hrs9PCmCKsZ2p3vRM4vsxQuA/s3201/Europa%20CEPT%20several%20years.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Europa CEPT several years" border="0" data-original-height="3201" data-original-width="3024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgg_t8yEZ611DDJBf2RcKmxXvQFB1T7PLEtSgBe3RY8_haFgGWU5tENdLsZFdBv3uyLX1yXRI2hk_voF1pAqrWxjy0pp0KPsSi3KzN-On6UPCsQ1_ISVwA2pJUAVRFRhEz4kmgrvj7LGBxMY-zyoy_WCgS727hrs9PCmCKsZ2p3vRM4vsxQuA/w604-h640/Europa%20CEPT%20several%20years.jpg" title="Europa CEPT several years" width="604" /></a></div><br /><p>Ok, Ok, I went a little crazy getting all these on the same day :-)</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Europa CEPT 2000</b></p><p><b><br /></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj9lbtL4FwhLMO1MpqNrYD7D8pIxzOTYpt-z6COA7D10xA9ClpF9B-Wtu4Ray4TSK0ECn23mCaJYJ9wm0DjMt5fJbdrMayuk1ddQOjgmaMd0W9TqbCBCMpJD-3O_lTsiH8j7hvKaHHASfR4sRS3RGby0H5k0g8NOh9lWu6SGTqv23zleTGQg/s717/Europa%20CEPT%202000%206.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Europa CEPT 2000" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="717" height="506" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjj9lbtL4FwhLMO1MpqNrYD7D8pIxzOTYpt-z6COA7D10xA9ClpF9B-Wtu4Ray4TSK0ECn23mCaJYJ9wm0DjMt5fJbdrMayuk1ddQOjgmaMd0W9TqbCBCMpJD-3O_lTsiH8j7hvKaHHASfR4sRS3RGby0H5k0g8NOh9lWu6SGTqv23zleTGQg/w640-h506/Europa%20CEPT%202000%206.jpg" title="Europa CEPT 2000" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2cwFSbzmkrMnNZLFc7mIi11t7c9IQfYPlfIsZexYLzpZXLb0SFEUCpq7L7KiYfDxTNv2ikAvxfBFR_ipA4D4NxWO7K4Q5Of_v6qdhz8NPKh_96Ys7xLRUsU_sR_kms22MeSsG_iMgTWfOJHbk8dnD5tbDOwtWqUlLQC7_qkLptNjraHTT_g/s566/Europa%20CEPT%202000%205.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Europa CEPT 2000" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="418" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2cwFSbzmkrMnNZLFc7mIi11t7c9IQfYPlfIsZexYLzpZXLb0SFEUCpq7L7KiYfDxTNv2ikAvxfBFR_ipA4D4NxWO7K4Q5Of_v6qdhz8NPKh_96Ys7xLRUsU_sR_kms22MeSsG_iMgTWfOJHbk8dnD5tbDOwtWqUlLQC7_qkLptNjraHTT_g/w472-h640/Europa%20CEPT%202000%205.jpg" title="Europa CEPT 2000" width="472" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9ChZ45YJmyMLiEUcoazMz4GxK66Lop8lSJuURd6EuZx20k9COyE3NGZJvkPjAOQCT5UFKM0fnPA-efr20Fp6WgHuPEsGxN39UVpDir63u3PeRj_n_Q6N0GnH3K4b3D7pFm6_Smodnciqr3spaiwjMLSmCxQiQUBD32ggAnmQ_sXcFJMWtjw/s593/Europa%20CEPT%202000%204.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Europa CEPT 2000" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="593" height="381" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9ChZ45YJmyMLiEUcoazMz4GxK66Lop8lSJuURd6EuZx20k9COyE3NGZJvkPjAOQCT5UFKM0fnPA-efr20Fp6WgHuPEsGxN39UVpDir63u3PeRj_n_Q6N0GnH3K4b3D7pFm6_Smodnciqr3spaiwjMLSmCxQiQUBD32ggAnmQ_sXcFJMWtjw/w400-h381/Europa%20CEPT%202000%204.jpg" title="Europa CEPT 2000" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVm1sigN4r88COjOfP_ZmjfBy4xZQvWl6AZt1F8dUByhUtEGU_XhTc7TJVYRBCV6DDemnnRKkmTLm44rB_beX3rtWeyTXkM8-HeP2PAAI1yvPH0BYOvw1icKAbk4Sr9XpYAYdkbONm1D6wk2Tduq9yo8TRAmkHQeQcu6zEO3DiYr1BhrPiGA/s567/Europa%20CEPT%202000%203.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Europa CEPT 2000" border="0" data-original-height="567" data-original-width="414" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVm1sigN4r88COjOfP_ZmjfBy4xZQvWl6AZt1F8dUByhUtEGU_XhTc7TJVYRBCV6DDemnnRKkmTLm44rB_beX3rtWeyTXkM8-HeP2PAAI1yvPH0BYOvw1icKAbk4Sr9XpYAYdkbONm1D6wk2Tduq9yo8TRAmkHQeQcu6zEO3DiYr1BhrPiGA/w468-h640/Europa%20CEPT%202000%203.jpg" title="Europa CEPT 2000" width="468" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu4bUVaXFcWsRFr5BFt9k_5BlglvE_iLfYLokVuIiTPNe4oOxCUZLjfN24GRx3WJ5n9vNLRzDQRoqVHdp75BqQ7ntUlsBD4UsLRKWckbFfyTkKN8oEm5JfPbNMYlvb2qSvYWdJHR6ju9CIqhAauay3AIb18Wr8xvdAjvp5TxuUj-r-f0r61A/s566/Europa%20CEPT%202000%202.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Europa CEPT 2000" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="427" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgu4bUVaXFcWsRFr5BFt9k_5BlglvE_iLfYLokVuIiTPNe4oOxCUZLjfN24GRx3WJ5n9vNLRzDQRoqVHdp75BqQ7ntUlsBD4UsLRKWckbFfyTkKN8oEm5JfPbNMYlvb2qSvYWdJHR6ju9CIqhAauay3AIb18Wr8xvdAjvp5TxuUj-r-f0r61A/w482-h640/Europa%20CEPT%202000%202.jpg" title="Europa CEPT 2000" width="482" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNW3BHs3tkS395X0bfg7KMviCq0arAwy_QonWlQ0nX30gZ_M72FCbr2X76iMCw6qNjhTi_knSPDqbvZ_-bQPlzQnsP-vjpX9qcY2PV33FbdNLT7HJm_10_c5xlb2m6Mq7rE3qzy0jq7IBUrWAPVS-hD-YFSqsPQtGQItBUfq5Jnqw6U8h1EQ/s604/Europa%20CEPT%202000%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Europa CEPT 2000" border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="467" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNW3BHs3tkS395X0bfg7KMviCq0arAwy_QonWlQ0nX30gZ_M72FCbr2X76iMCw6qNjhTi_knSPDqbvZ_-bQPlzQnsP-vjpX9qcY2PV33FbdNLT7HJm_10_c5xlb2m6Mq7rE3qzy0jq7IBUrWAPVS-hD-YFSqsPQtGQItBUfq5Jnqw6U8h1EQ/w494-h640/Europa%20CEPT%202000%201.jpg" title="Europa CEPT 2000" width="494" /></a></div><br /><p></p><p><br /></p><p>Almost complete... missing just one stamp I think plus the unrecognized Bosnian Serb and Croat issues</p><p><br /></p><p><b>February 28</b></p><p><b>Saxony 1855 King John I</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnprW2DTtniJAWaRbFZdX9Ig3_d0Zx6momYPOgNgoK82YHYs4OkJ8iwLE-RCcLSnPDAtvGGGbbLHfyMGhbTd6yHS7KIy8Bb3eMBRQ8K8c51MP6qmM0wK-9hyhBKt6mkaNu6SVDEhfsBNuPvcvQrhUdQlJJkjOcucMMXphTz3TgytwkD-mTmQ/s485/Saxony1855.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Saxony 1855" border="0" data-original-height="312" data-original-width="485" height="258" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhnprW2DTtniJAWaRbFZdX9Ig3_d0Zx6momYPOgNgoK82YHYs4OkJ8iwLE-RCcLSnPDAtvGGGbbLHfyMGhbTd6yHS7KIy8Bb3eMBRQ8K8c51MP6qmM0wK-9hyhBKt6mkaNu6SVDEhfsBNuPvcvQrhUdQlJJkjOcucMMXphTz3TgytwkD-mTmQ/w400-h258/Saxony1855.png" title="Saxony 1855" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p>German state Saxony 1855. Scott catalog 10, 11</p><p><br /></p></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-55100446498141337002023-01-25T07:35:00.008-08:002023-01-26T01:31:14.627-08:00Having some fun with Open AI ChatGPT and asking it some philately and stamp collecting related questions<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRSMbK9g4fjoIpGEICAPzdbAXDhCBfCTdf72U3LYwJV9j4Br5V9YURUeAQVrsKTmyCxGvUF-jH029miXXw6CHTjN4b0saE-rRef-1NWLOhQVHOD0dDc7rV7q35kilj6VjxdHB0KRvmatzScNAZuFoJUZntTNlwvHpzhFo4BhhMqw_Css_AEQ/s1103/explain%20in%20Shakespearean%20prose%20why%20philately%20is%20the%20best%20hobby.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="explain in Shakespearean prose why philately is the best hobby" border="0" data-original-height="478" data-original-width="1103" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiRSMbK9g4fjoIpGEICAPzdbAXDhCBfCTdf72U3LYwJV9j4Br5V9YURUeAQVrsKTmyCxGvUF-jH029miXXw6CHTjN4b0saE-rRef-1NWLOhQVHOD0dDc7rV7q35kilj6VjxdHB0KRvmatzScNAZuFoJUZntTNlwvHpzhFo4BhhMqw_Css_AEQ/w640-h278/explain%20in%20Shakespearean%20prose%20why%20philately%20is%20the%20best%20hobby.JPG" title="explain in Shakespearean prose why philately is the best hobby" width="640" /></a></div><br /> <p></p><p>ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence tool that provides a conversational interface that allows you to ask questions in natural language. The system then responds with an answer within seconds. ChatGPT was launched in November 2022 and reached 1 million users only 5 days after its initial launch.</p><p><br /></p><p>I decided to take it for a spin and ask a few questions</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Explain in Shakespearean prose why philately is the best hobby</b></p><p>Oh fair and noble pastime, how dost thou grace the idle hours of man! </p><p>Thy name, dear Philately, doth bring to mind images of quaint and ancient stamps, each bearing the visage of kings and queens long since passed. </p><p>Thy pursuit doth require both keen wit and patient diligence, for the collector must needs seek out each rare and precious specimen with all the fervor of a hunter in pursuit of his quarry. </p><p>And when at last the coveted item is obtained, the collector doth experience a sense of triumph and satisfaction that rivals even the greatest victories of yore. </p><p>Truly, Philately is the very embodiment of the virtues of industry and perseverance, and is thus deserving of the title "best hobby."</p><p><br /></p><p><i>That was pretty awesome :-)</i></p><p><br /></p><p><b>What is the rarest stamp in the world</b></p><p>The rarest stamp in the world is considered to be the British Guiana 1c magenta, which was issued in 1856. Only one example of the stamp is known to exist, and it has been sold at auction for as much as $9.5 million.</p><p><br /></p><p><i>Pretty standard answer</i></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Who has the most extensive stamp collection in the world</b></p><p>It is difficult to determine who currently holds the title for having the most extensive stamp collection in the world as collections and their ownership can change over time. However, some of the most famous and extensive stamp collections in history include those of King George V of the United Kingdom, the du Pont family in the United States, and the Royal Philatelic Collection of the British Royal Family.</p><p><br /></p><p><i>I am surprised it didn't mention Philipp von Ferrary, his collection included the unique Treskilling Yellow of Sweden and the 1856 one-cent "Black on Magenta" of British Guiana.</i></p><p><br /></p><p><b>What are the most popular topical collection ideas for stamp collecting</b></p><p>Some popular topical areas for stamp collecting include:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>stamps featuring animals or plants</li><li>stamps depicting famous people or historical figures</li><li>stamps related to a particular country or region</li><li>stamps issued for a specific event or celebration</li><li>stamps featuring transportation themes (such as trains, ships, or airplanes)</li><li>stamps with a specific theme such as space, sports, music, movies, etc.</li><li>stamps from a certain era or historical period.</li><li>stamps with certain design elements such as se-tenant, booklet panes, etc.</li></ul><p></p><p>It's worth noting that people collects stamps for many reasons, and what's popular can vary widely depending on the collector's personal interests and collecting goals.</p><p><br /></p><p><i>Another standard answer you would expect</i></p><p><br /></p><p><b>What is the best way to remove hinges from stamps?</b></p><p>There are a few methods for removing hinges from stamps, but one of the most effective is to use a hinge pick. A hinge pick is a small tool with a pointed end that is used to gently lift the hinge off of the stamp. You can also use tweezers or a small screwdriver to remove the hinges, but be careful not to damage the stamp. Additionally, some people recommend using water or a small amount of stamp hinge remover to soften the hinges before trying to remove them.</p><p><br /></p><p><b>What are some of the best stamp catalogs and why?</b></p><p>Some of the most highly regarded stamp catalogs include the Scott Standard Postage Stamp Catalogue, the Stanley Gibbons Commonwealth and British Empire Catalogue, and the Michel Europa-Katalog. These catalogs are considered to be some of the best because they are comprehensive, regularly updated, and widely used by stamp collectors and dealers. The Scott catalog is known for its detailed listings and accurate valuations of stamps from the United States and other countries. The Stanley Gibbons catalog is considered the standard for stamps from the British Commonwealth, and the Michel catalog is a popular choice for stamps from Europe.</p><p><br /></p><p><i>For me of course Michel is number 1 :-)</i></p><p><br /></p><p><b>What is the difference between philately and stamp collecting</b></p><p>Philately is the study of stamps and postal history, while stamp collecting is the hobby of collecting stamps. In other words, stamp collecting is a subset of philately. Philatelists study stamps not just for their monetary value, but also for their historical and cultural significance. They may also collect other postal-related items such as postmarks, postal stationery, and covers (envelopes or postcards that have been used and have stamps affixed to them).</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcvI3wGgJ9XaWb_TArCNR-nvC9Bsuo5c6UR_SHuK9LX9DcnXBWmLGNbhLYhPfG5rJqFLPCLNK9hPL2FgY6aQxsYnWx3sCFILtn8aIe1kRGTWZozbplBOthbcyhCaJqhqtAEWHk-LPwikH6eeXYGVHHrrH0-cpf74KG0pPAzKs1Fq_OWBNx-Q/s1122/what%20is%20the%20difference%20between%20philately%20and%20stamp%20collecting.JPG" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="what is the difference between philately and stamp collecting" border="0" data-original-height="399" data-original-width="1122" height="228" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjcvI3wGgJ9XaWb_TArCNR-nvC9Bsuo5c6UR_SHuK9LX9DcnXBWmLGNbhLYhPfG5rJqFLPCLNK9hPL2FgY6aQxsYnWx3sCFILtn8aIe1kRGTWZozbplBOthbcyhCaJqhqtAEWHk-LPwikH6eeXYGVHHrrH0-cpf74KG0pPAzKs1Fq_OWBNx-Q/w640-h228/what%20is%20the%20difference%20between%20philately%20and%20stamp%20collecting.JPG" title="what is the difference between philately and stamp collecting" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>What is the difference between lithography and letterpress print</b></p><p>Lithography and letterpress printing are two different techniques used to print text and images on paper.</p><p>Lithography is a printing process that uses a flat surface, such as a metal plate or a stone, and a chemical process to transfer an image onto paper. The image is drawn or painted onto the plate with a greasy substance, such as a wax crayon or ink, and then the plate is washed with a water-based solution. The greasy image repels the water and attracts the ink, which is then transferred onto the paper. This method is often used to print large runs of high-quality images and text.</p><p>Letterpress printing, on the other hand, uses raised type or blocks to create an impression on paper. The type or blocks are pressed into the paper, leaving an indented image or text. This method is often used for printing small runs of text, such as books and invitations, and is considered a more traditional method of printing.</p><p><br /></p><p><b>What are some of the most desirable stamps a collector should have in the collection</b></p><p>Some of the most desirable stamps for collectors include:</p><p><br /></p><p></p><ol style="text-align: left;"><li>The Penny Black: the world's first adhesive postage stamp, issued by the United Kingdom in 1840.</li><li>The Inverted Jenny: a United States stamp from 1918 featuring an upside-down image of an airplane.</li><li>The Treskilling Yellow: a Swedish stamp from 1855 that is considered one of the rarest in the world.</li><li>The Mauritius "Post Office" stamps: a set of stamps issued on the island of Mauritius in 1847, considered to be one of the first postage stamp issues in the world.</li><li>The Chinese "Red Revenues": a set of stamps issued by China in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, known for their intricate designs and vibrant colors.</li><li>The British Guiana 1c magenta: the world’s rarest stamp, it was printed in 1856 in very limited quantities and only one specimen is known to exist.</li></ol><p></p><p><br /></p><p>These are just a few examples, and the value and desirability of stamps can vary greatly depending on factors such as rarity, condition, and historical significance.</p><p><br /></p><p><b>What are some different kind of perforation in philately</b></p><p>There are several different types of perforation in philately, including:</p><p></p><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Line perforation: This is the most common type of perforation, where the holes are arranged in straight lines around the stamp.</li><li>Comb perforation: This type of perforation is similar to line perforation, but the holes are arranged in a comb-like pattern.</li><li>Grid perforation: This type of perforation is similar to line perforation, but the holes are arranged in a grid pattern.</li><li>Roulette perforation: This type of perforation is characterized by a series of parallel lines that are cut into the stamp paper instead of holes being punched out.</li><li>Serpentine perforation: This type of perforation is characterized by a series of wavy lines.</li><li>Spiral perforation: This type of perforation is characterized by a series of spiral-shaped holes around the stamp.</li><li>Double perforation: This type of perforation is characterized by two sets of perforations, one inside the other.</li><li>Imperforate: This type of stamps have no perforation and have to be cut or separated by hand</li></ul><p></p><p>The type of perforation used on a stamp can be used to help identify and authenticate the stamp.</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>There you have it some fun with ChatGPT </p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-29734985622349813652023-01-01T12:32:00.005-08:002023-01-28T03:12:07.621-08:00Added to my collection in January 2023<p> This will just be a post with all the stamps that I added to my collections in January 2023</p><p><br /></p><p><b>January 1st</b></p><p><b>Netherlands 1852 King William III 5 cent pair</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4L9i4rtebYVCJRkOGXH9Z79x0A3VpYdwjkaCdD-AqrXrhav47zH-KatGY6_LPJxFtrxr_t-kh2MM27pD5FtlMcoTe11zzAfvExJGSe_M-XHXCh_Efa0oycTgTLJu-DoUNjsxQdOx5XekHAC9pHae_HYFnJCRo8ZU1-glhaBU3XU09hhn4iQ/s754/Netherlands%201852%20King%20William%20III%205%20cent%20pair%20NVPH%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1852 King William III 5 cent pair NVPH 1" border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="754" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4L9i4rtebYVCJRkOGXH9Z79x0A3VpYdwjkaCdD-AqrXrhav47zH-KatGY6_LPJxFtrxr_t-kh2MM27pD5FtlMcoTe11zzAfvExJGSe_M-XHXCh_Efa0oycTgTLJu-DoUNjsxQdOx5XekHAC9pHae_HYFnJCRo8ZU1-glhaBU3XU09hhn4iQ/w640-h512/Netherlands%201852%20King%20William%20III%205%20cent%20pair%20NVPH%201.jpg" title="Netherlands 1852 King William III 5 cent pair NVPH 1" width="640" /></a></div><b> </b><p></p><p>The first stamps issued in the the Netherlands in 1852. A nice pair. There are 6 different plates of this stamp.. once I figure out which plate this is, I will add it here</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Netherlands 1907 Postage Due set </b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiujHncUECJ2WiZ_78BHmIPogXK_ypEt60IL1ANLA6hD9He15M3WtIMU312mMdbyphWbttQVxKUBGw9ZO34RGGTx6lUKc1B3GOJUsxradA512W7uE13x5JPLyAWmDnCjkDCc6eN2b4-5vsP2Scvx3ozFoFJhD364bstJ-mFDLoDSv8TOf56Q/s3024/Netherlands%201907%20Postage%20Due%20set%20M.%20A.%20de%20Ruyter.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1907 Postage Due set M. A. de Ruyter" border="0" data-original-height="2836" data-original-width="3024" height="600" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjiujHncUECJ2WiZ_78BHmIPogXK_ypEt60IL1ANLA6hD9He15M3WtIMU312mMdbyphWbttQVxKUBGw9ZO34RGGTx6lUKc1B3GOJUsxradA512W7uE13x5JPLyAWmDnCjkDCc6eN2b4-5vsP2Scvx3ozFoFJhD364bstJ-mFDLoDSv8TOf56Q/w640-h600/Netherlands%201907%20Postage%20Due%20set%20M.%20A.%20de%20Ruyter.jpg" title="Netherlands 1907 Postage Due set M. A. de Ruyter" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Overprints on the M. A. de Ruyter set of 1907. There are 2 types of the fraction stamps</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Netherlands Juliana and Number stamps from Booklets</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg43urRYGQD-ZZ2edQ8b6NnfBX40XyDUeWZkNP0idMfF_58ucEsBMX4iLUgRnwpSXEeW7hrl6bs-_PcE3Kgt8WjUFDvLIpmSKRzuNUDIMKZvvvmAWWjI6od8yEmzI0mZ1IBN8Vyjj4RXAORfspz8SpmdZwPuiab-6Ei44DcSGxapKVlHlbnVg/s904/Netherlands%20Juliana%20and%20Number%20stamps%20from%20Booklets.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands Juliana and Number stamps from Booklets" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="904" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg43urRYGQD-ZZ2edQ8b6NnfBX40XyDUeWZkNP0idMfF_58ucEsBMX4iLUgRnwpSXEeW7hrl6bs-_PcE3Kgt8WjUFDvLIpmSKRzuNUDIMKZvvvmAWWjI6od8yEmzI0mZ1IBN8Vyjj4RXAORfspz8SpmdZwPuiab-6Ei44DcSGxapKVlHlbnVg/w640-h400/Netherlands%20Juliana%20and%20Number%20stamps%20from%20Booklets.jpg" title="Netherlands Juliana and Number stamps from Booklets" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>These stamps are from several booklets</p><p><br /></p><p><b>January 23</b></p><p><b>Switzerland 1923 airmail stamps</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz4fEFI10ZuSBxrfXCu-dCjFNs07hBL2Q6UO7_KvInv-ujkPTDvkaDxsTwIWiRj7NR8gT03PF_SnIWTuqDb1gfn6QgGLwDVpgtNnLZE1RzOxBHzorY1oWKUXmoBAJBXFE5rq5F12UqT3oKdn7QnC-RuVZFqq0g6pSNWhcvBJhDOkKQg46iKg/s3089/Switzerland%201923%20airmail%20stamps%20%20Michel%20number%20179-184.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland 1923 airmail stamps Michel number 179-184" border="0" data-original-height="3089" data-original-width="3024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgz4fEFI10ZuSBxrfXCu-dCjFNs07hBL2Q6UO7_KvInv-ujkPTDvkaDxsTwIWiRj7NR8gT03PF_SnIWTuqDb1gfn6QgGLwDVpgtNnLZE1RzOxBHzorY1oWKUXmoBAJBXFE5rq5F12UqT3oKdn7QnC-RuVZFqq0g6pSNWhcvBJhDOkKQg46iKg/w626-h640/Switzerland%201923%20airmail%20stamps%20%20Michel%20number%20179-184.jpg" title="Switzerland 1923 airmail stamps Michel number 179-184" width="626" /></a></div><br /><p>Michel number 179/184. I think these are real beauties....</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Europa CEPT various years</b></p><p><b></b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><b><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheG9wwWkf_4b6XzcvR1GRpELeP-WM5ne7Itdft7HDfhgRC4Pn4SturKlcqcyxiTrmMJ-acq5YxMkZYjdSskAjb-XJMyDuwVzTRiy5Rbmc0ylSxblL_9qz56oe1cDZk8L6hSsTGO_6tGHvw26rAN5JxFtNM7OAP8adDN2TNinn2xczUn1rPEg/s3911/EuropaCeptVariousYears.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Europa CEPT various years" border="0" data-original-height="2354" data-original-width="3911" height="386" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheG9wwWkf_4b6XzcvR1GRpELeP-WM5ne7Itdft7HDfhgRC4Pn4SturKlcqcyxiTrmMJ-acq5YxMkZYjdSskAjb-XJMyDuwVzTRiy5Rbmc0ylSxblL_9qz56oe1cDZk8L6hSsTGO_6tGHvw26rAN5JxFtNM7OAP8adDN2TNinn2xczUn1rPEg/w640-h386/EuropaCeptVariousYears.jpg" title="Europa CEPT various years" width="640" /></a></b></div><b><br /><br /></b><p></p><p>These will go towards completing my Europa CEPT collection from 1956-2000, still have a long way to go......</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Austria 30 year anniversary of Carinthian plebiscite</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBP7MMW5I57_IUhSqXaoEUgc0AIG80TWQe-gLrRIeyxI3ZB4BMQEqjOaMSMhWhhni0Pg1yWR8cBuCVXUlroi7kK3IIuNyljAHaHRy8HpnU2DGq-3rtPt7PCL24OsV0E97o4k0dQGJEuQc76PwJq54piZFOKoE1kVYT1pVoTr8xtfGfnadMkQ/s566/Austria%2030%20%20year%20anniversary%20of%20Carinthian%20plebiscite.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria 30 year anniversary of Carinthian plebiscite.jpg" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="454" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBP7MMW5I57_IUhSqXaoEUgc0AIG80TWQe-gLrRIeyxI3ZB4BMQEqjOaMSMhWhhni0Pg1yWR8cBuCVXUlroi7kK3IIuNyljAHaHRy8HpnU2DGq-3rtPt7PCL24OsV0E97o4k0dQGJEuQc76PwJq54piZFOKoE1kVYT1pVoTr8xtfGfnadMkQ/w514-h640/Austria%2030%20%20year%20anniversary%20of%20Carinthian%20plebiscite.jpg" title="Austria 30 year anniversary of Carinthian plebiscite.jpg" width="514" /></a></div><br /><p>1950 Michel numbers 952/954, Scott number B269/B271</p><p><b><br /></b></p><p><b>Switzerland 1915/1921 Tell tête-bêche pairs</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhckwNW2FgteBJOHxshTqQRIkG3peivs4hgkuCF4IxXUfCxTAyWXeHVm2lJhF3nyoKV7kKRTsb-dYYZ7eCEwutqT2iWYi_li2AILOFBfUnIv3DCLpXpd45q19ARfwESC2U7wImLuSi_tKPv2u_qyUNI93a3hrZWJURx4cr_jrR8TQyNEtdYlg/s818/Tell%20t%C3%AAte-b%C3%AAche%20pairs.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland Tell tête-bêche pairs" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="818" height="442" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhckwNW2FgteBJOHxshTqQRIkG3peivs4hgkuCF4IxXUfCxTAyWXeHVm2lJhF3nyoKV7kKRTsb-dYYZ7eCEwutqT2iWYi_li2AILOFBfUnIv3DCLpXpd45q19ARfwESC2U7wImLuSi_tKPv2u_qyUNI93a3hrZWJURx4cr_jrR8TQyNEtdYlg/w640-h442/Tell%20t%C3%AAte-b%C3%AAche%20pairs.jpg" title="Switzerland Tell tête-bêche pairs" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Michel 138 type II, 158, 160a </p><p>I love tête-bêche pairs... of course the real nice ones to have are the French Ceres and Napoleon ones</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Netherlands 1952 Stamp Centenary of Dutch Postage </b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikCYfVNQQp0pM39m6os0eQrdveBYr8hHY1ML9ScUhOnXXN_QnLk1IgMhRLD1KFKBNrAgGUm0MEw7KKQfIjm-Na5GQSxqUi-qfSPIFCEhB2KFyapj0HhfciVqgO557QUVuygPDCmir5wcK07VGm3gheZSl51jbTl-Q-KYH5rrxZcfR6ZVr-RA/s783/Netherlands%201952%20Stamp%20Centenary%20of%20Dutch%20Postage.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1952 Stamp Centenary of Dutch Postage" border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="783" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikCYfVNQQp0pM39m6os0eQrdveBYr8hHY1ML9ScUhOnXXN_QnLk1IgMhRLD1KFKBNrAgGUm0MEw7KKQfIjm-Na5GQSxqUi-qfSPIFCEhB2KFyapj0HhfciVqgO557QUVuygPDCmir5wcK07VGm3gheZSl51jbTl-Q-KYH5rrxZcfR6ZVr-RA/w640-h494/Netherlands%201952%20Stamp%20Centenary%20of%20Dutch%20Postage.jpg" title="Netherlands 1952 Stamp Centenary of Dutch Postage" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Scott# 336-39 NVPH 592/595</p><p>There are 2 sets with identical stamps but in different colors. There were only 205,700 sets issued of the 4 pictured here. The ones in different colors were issued by the millions... 242 million for the 2 cent stamp (in violet color instead of brown)</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Netherlands 1872 King William III 2.5 Guilders</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG7ObQJUxEyLlAk-aJ4GzxqXl3E-Cg0gQ_GkG_4ZKBPd9KgGCmu8QD0n3ljFYvi_NXRQNvPd4BW_Wf8u6QV2WevUdSe1DAdmBViXDaoZqCOclwZFlVSWSkBHokB9_KxpB7N3LA5PJAmVwQI7jCkiQZWwWswxuXuXg6WV1zDBUZK0v3ghod_A/s1875/Netherlands%201872%20King%20William%20III%202.5%20Guilders.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1872 King William III 2.5 Guilders" border="0" data-original-height="1875" data-original-width="1511" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG7ObQJUxEyLlAk-aJ4GzxqXl3E-Cg0gQ_GkG_4ZKBPd9KgGCmu8QD0n3ljFYvi_NXRQNvPd4BW_Wf8u6QV2WevUdSe1DAdmBViXDaoZqCOclwZFlVSWSkBHokB9_KxpB7N3LA5PJAmVwQI7jCkiQZWwWswxuXuXg6WV1zDBUZK0v3ghod_A/w516-h640/Netherlands%201872%20King%20William%20III%202.5%20Guilders.jpeg" title="Netherlands 1872 King William III 2.5 Guilders" width="516" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>NVPH number 29, Scott number 33. This is the first 2 color stamps issued in the Netherlands</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Netherlands 1893 Princess Wilhelmina 2.5 Guilders</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM1BKFZfUXGH5djEnSGCyTMaW64m9oylXfFV0bRp71ZvNKaqzhERH8Bms_Vp6QN73BPdsFCHjjAncHUkpF8Nqsb7hwF3NPvQDeMLfbLSIc10oYGWwe499XMnBItPm6oxkSOD5DXQvJMgLlAqIgqA1ocEl2o-DR6uZX7kh0ct_y2Xj45nJ1pw/s1764/Netherlands%201893%20Princess%20Wilhelmina%202.5%20Guilders.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1893 Princess Wilhelmina 2.5 Guilders" border="0" data-original-height="1764" data-original-width="1437" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhM1BKFZfUXGH5djEnSGCyTMaW64m9oylXfFV0bRp71ZvNKaqzhERH8Bms_Vp6QN73BPdsFCHjjAncHUkpF8Nqsb7hwF3NPvQDeMLfbLSIc10oYGWwe499XMnBItPm6oxkSOD5DXQvJMgLlAqIgqA1ocEl2o-DR6uZX7kh0ct_y2Xj45nJ1pw/w522-h640/Netherlands%201893%20Princess%20Wilhelmina%202.5%20Guilders.jpeg" title="Netherlands 1893 Princess Wilhelmina 2.5 Guilders" width="522" /></a></div><br /><p>NVPH number 48, Scott number 53</p><p><br /></p><p>And here they are side by side, father and daughter :-)</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSSA7DRIrux7-WcnQHzDQ_oIpkPk6D8c6sXOQ__O5caP52MnhhkxNUXwouHBz7epSSV99ZiAgH5JmL3bPSHjTa-0A-K5SvUftrK6Z7HmauGTHV6yo5JjFsNyzAxXaXCnlW2-h8-weofw0aV6Ob8yrBPR02Epvk3jB70tu4t_xn4ZHR-1dfGg/s1980/Netherlands%201893%20Princess%20Wilhelmina,%20Netherlands%201872%20King%20William%20III%202.5%20Guilders%20.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1893 Princess Wilhelmina, Netherlands 1872 King William III 2.5 Guilders" border="0" data-original-height="1183" data-original-width="1980" height="382" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiSSA7DRIrux7-WcnQHzDQ_oIpkPk6D8c6sXOQ__O5caP52MnhhkxNUXwouHBz7epSSV99ZiAgH5JmL3bPSHjTa-0A-K5SvUftrK6Z7HmauGTHV6yo5JjFsNyzAxXaXCnlW2-h8-weofw0aV6Ob8yrBPR02Epvk3jB70tu4t_xn4ZHR-1dfGg/w640-h382/Netherlands%201893%20Princess%20Wilhelmina,%20Netherlands%201872%20King%20William%20III%202.5%20Guilders%20.jpeg" title="Netherlands 1893 Princess Wilhelmina, Netherlands 1872 King William III 2.5 Guilders" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>Netherlands 1920 Queen Wilhelmina 10 guilders surcharged with 250 cents</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrZw4OC6cG7aCKHyohN0j5gX7nXE3SrrkphIAYUF-2A4qhF55axeJRneMefVTKg6eumkDATrGKRhTMlB9fBkqn5Bq7LpB6TgjlbrA25dIMoWU9iOvZJ6Iq8N49whXRBohhcL2ZJrznOn3ll8bPeJnm6RuggqYODSgCzEwDpqG8ROZmwnWtEA/s1982/Netherlands%20Wilhelmina%2010%20guilders%201920%20surcharged%20with%20250%20cents.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands Wilhelmina 10 guilders 1920 surcharged with 250 cents" border="0" data-original-height="1982" data-original-width="1402" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrZw4OC6cG7aCKHyohN0j5gX7nXE3SrrkphIAYUF-2A4qhF55axeJRneMefVTKg6eumkDATrGKRhTMlB9fBkqn5Bq7LpB6TgjlbrA25dIMoWU9iOvZJ6Iq8N49whXRBohhcL2ZJrznOn3ll8bPeJnm6RuggqYODSgCzEwDpqG8ROZmwnWtEA/w452-h640/Netherlands%20Wilhelmina%2010%20guilders%201920%20surcharged%20with%20250%20cents.jpeg" title="Netherlands Wilhelmina 10 guilders 1920 surcharged with 250 cents" width="452" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>NVPH number 105, Scott number 105... look at that.... the same catalog number</p><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-54000054104450626042022-12-09T06:43:00.009-08:002022-12-22T10:56:25.950-08:00Added to my collection December 2022<p>This will just be a post with all the stamps that I added to my collections in December 2022</p><p><br /></p><p><b>December 7th</b></p><p><b>A whole bunch of stamps from the Netherlands</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP6chnLA-t1cd4soxxfpsyQA4RwQkKWdvk7-oshNmV6P6aNgvNDjnqTQBSV11mwmivv3snb2xdQg-ELN7tcDHoQpgBquo07XEtUStSaZ8GPA8X4t7tFS9yIPiVyxsEUR9twZ5pWgsFgh3mjaiHcOANLDStOSQhvgi5LTljO6l-H3eKUFcZxQ/s3024/Collection%20of%20MNH%20stamps%20from%20the%20Netherlands.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Collection of MNH stamps from the Netherlands" border="0" data-original-height="2901" data-original-width="3024" height="614" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgP6chnLA-t1cd4soxxfpsyQA4RwQkKWdvk7-oshNmV6P6aNgvNDjnqTQBSV11mwmivv3snb2xdQg-ELN7tcDHoQpgBquo07XEtUStSaZ8GPA8X4t7tFS9yIPiVyxsEUR9twZ5pWgsFgh3mjaiHcOANLDStOSQhvgi5LTljO6l-H3eKUFcZxQ/w640-h614/Collection%20of%20MNH%20stamps%20from%20the%20Netherlands.jpg" title="Collection of MNH stamps from the Netherlands" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div>I have a fair number of those already used.. missing a few MNH as well as missing them completely<br /><p><br /></p><p><b>Netherlands 1973 ships</b></p><p>I just want to call out this beautiful set</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR8Qyh2iDIzLSBUVxFXr5kKvgBPxnos3DBLqvwYS_vjryO5MGshbuxjT8VGKEXP80ODHeBuP4Yi7-zg2iAijhJ3Wi7wYTurUH_BlKHF8iJaTcHjP_ebbIYccNRvg5n3eNFykiZhiJrD_2zDnx5o5Wcr4_tOCDrJbsQmYBkN36T_RtwIMjHlw/s3024/Netherlands%20Ships.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands Ships Year 1973 NVPH 1026/1029" border="0" data-original-height="2901" data-original-width="3024" height="614" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjR8Qyh2iDIzLSBUVxFXr5kKvgBPxnos3DBLqvwYS_vjryO5MGshbuxjT8VGKEXP80ODHeBuP4Yi7-zg2iAijhJ3Wi7wYTurUH_BlKHF8iJaTcHjP_ebbIYccNRvg5n3eNFykiZhiJrD_2zDnx5o5Wcr4_tOCDrJbsQmYBkN36T_RtwIMjHlw/w640-h614/Netherlands%20Ships.jpg" title="Netherlands Ships Year 1973 NVPH 1026/1029" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Netherlands Ships Year 1973 NVPH catalog numbers 1026/1029</p><p><br /></p><p><b>December 22nd</b></p><p><b>Netherlands 1875 William III to Heidelberg cover</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUq2wUKLJcMpd58_90Rr9LQLLSgB2nBFZIosVuk44-nuWo1r7ChqCechZwFvG_Ys4oRUH2SdvajiasScuvqP4_SwX0joKZ08NEWli8qW2mIeOwEUeHaDPkRXgpMh7hjXtw0oVkx-7bLSgJk_CKcL1ZxE0yOfFkb42TALBil1Xgo0PQMVfEXQ/s830/Netherlands%201875%20William%20III%20Front.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1875 William III to Heidelberg cover front" border="0" data-original-height="567" data-original-width="830" height="438" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUq2wUKLJcMpd58_90Rr9LQLLSgB2nBFZIosVuk44-nuWo1r7ChqCechZwFvG_Ys4oRUH2SdvajiasScuvqP4_SwX0joKZ08NEWli8qW2mIeOwEUeHaDPkRXgpMh7hjXtw0oVkx-7bLSgJk_CKcL1ZxE0yOfFkb42TALBil1Xgo0PQMVfEXQ/w640-h438/Netherlands%201875%20William%20III%20Front.jpg" title="Netherlands 1875 William III to Heidelberg cover fron" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHl-NuGqryNwislqJWqPqdnGT6WqraY_DlFtc6ReCdfuo52RXdjfLaDxaUB_MkC_wS--3Sz18raSUM_RaWHju5a5JRunYN36FLSKNRTk2KqFwJH7JJV9A61EMOWN4YtwWl2De-9EsmIDM8cOHPjzEyyGEc1A952UAKUv9VoNTHMZwhbl9O9Q/s801/Netherlands%201875%20William%20III%20back.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1875 William III to Heidelberg backfron" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="801" height="452" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHl-NuGqryNwislqJWqPqdnGT6WqraY_DlFtc6ReCdfuo52RXdjfLaDxaUB_MkC_wS--3Sz18raSUM_RaWHju5a5JRunYN36FLSKNRTk2KqFwJH7JJV9A61EMOWN4YtwWl2De-9EsmIDM8cOHPjzEyyGEc1A952UAKUv9VoNTHMZwhbl9O9Q/w640-h452/Netherlands%201875%20William%20III%20back.jpg" title="Netherlands 1875 William III to Heidelberg cover back" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>The envelope is smaller than I expected</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Switzerland 1854 Strubel Type Sitting Helvetia</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP3RGJ0xvtvFYda-gUMP10j-1cw9RTFXLUbcYz3grJ3NLCdkzB13m7epjVJX2aLcAOdQU4tZBj09z0XsUVL8t3xrKEPNUSW_P3Kn2UawsiCrLM-zxN4sj4VZdbGOs_LG2vDAWw5SljFyTwv4JHHLYiFsPeTJoZN09wl3Z4O99y6REK1Bc_5Q/s3424/Switzerland%201854%20Strubel%20Type%20Sitting%20Helvetia.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland 1854 Strubel Type Sitting Helvetia" border="0" data-original-height="3424" data-original-width="2866" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhP3RGJ0xvtvFYda-gUMP10j-1cw9RTFXLUbcYz3grJ3NLCdkzB13m7epjVJX2aLcAOdQU4tZBj09z0XsUVL8t3xrKEPNUSW_P3Kn2UawsiCrLM-zxN4sj4VZdbGOs_LG2vDAWw5SljFyTwv4JHHLYiFsPeTJoZN09wl3Z4O99y6REK1Bc_5Q/w536-h640/Switzerland%201854%20Strubel%20Type%20Sitting%20Helvetia.jpg" title="Switzerland 1854 Strubel Type Sitting Helvetia" width="536" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>I love these stamps... however there are up to 7 different printings, a few different types of papers, and also different colored threads. I will just assume these are the less expensive Bern printing ones</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-38711273050927426452022-11-08T06:50:00.017-08:002022-11-30T06:58:20.089-08:00Added to my collection November 2022<p> This will just be a post with all the stamps that I added to my collections in November 2022</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>November 7th</b></p><p>Cover from Belgium....</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHysiiSF_62-vi09Br3upopRdohxOr0KS8XGQCiQoJCkc42Oub3HFf_NBOB9aCknnNQSBDOnYtw0hG0DKHiajgbxv0zDZq2Ivy0vOZPx1zgnuKburk2Wd4VDRqfY4Ay6oZ13gL6aJ5nfIQ2EB_E8j4wT384JuxYAFAJ4wgwYlUZzaQ1nZAOA/s4032/Belgium%20cover%20with%20stamps%20in%20it.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Belgium cover with stamps in it" border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHysiiSF_62-vi09Br3upopRdohxOr0KS8XGQCiQoJCkc42Oub3HFf_NBOB9aCknnNQSBDOnYtw0hG0DKHiajgbxv0zDZq2Ivy0vOZPx1zgnuKburk2Wd4VDRqfY4Ay6oZ13gL6aJ5nfIQ2EB_E8j4wT384JuxYAFAJ4wgwYlUZzaQ1nZAOA/w640-h480/Belgium%20cover%20with%20stamps%20in%20it.jpg" title="Belgium cover with stamps in it" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>Got a bunch of stamps in this envelope (see for stamps further below)</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Germany booklet pane Michel H-BI 29A</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmV_bQ5tYBvnRKo-7C_pRCME0EXIik728m60s3uaPKTadK8qEeDbcphfpsZ35__hcQLE22T4dPLiM3njGhIu4N0R4FMW4jW4S45HokltJWBZOH2r-KxUdn_mrrG-3Fx-D69-JniTGrecCbLRpzJ_zUhTbpn9iy0D8AM3Q9ho4PCcif2JVN4w/s3652/Germany%20booklet%20pane%20Michel%20H-BI%2029A.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany booklet pane Michel H-BI 29A" border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="3652" height="530" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgmV_bQ5tYBvnRKo-7C_pRCME0EXIik728m60s3uaPKTadK8qEeDbcphfpsZ35__hcQLE22T4dPLiM3njGhIu4N0R4FMW4jW4S45HokltJWBZOH2r-KxUdn_mrrG-3Fx-D69-JniTGrecCbLRpzJ_zUhTbpn9iy0D8AM3Q9ho4PCcif2JVN4w/w640-h530/Germany%20booklet%20pane%20Michel%20H-BI%2029A.jpg" title="Germany booklet pane Michel H-BI 29A" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>I love the Germania series that were issued before WW I.</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Liechtenstein Europa CEPT 1960 MiNr 398</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMYyPCRkcfXKXveJUz6xEVnQcCo5gR3kCkyVlqNtdV5asv2XBY1I1m_zdhAANyaATx7wecMbfQc8I5iW44LeeriELL9RJxSngjB2ZZxogB68GXedIaOSuDRM4U8dxrArDJPPgDUTHf8trY55clXq39VYj8bw20l17bEiSVYzhfdnyDmXwFNw/s2846/Liechtenstein%20Europa%20CEPT%201960%20MiNr%20398.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Liechtenstein Europa CEPT 1960 MiNr 398" border="0" data-original-height="2279" data-original-width="2846" height="512" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMYyPCRkcfXKXveJUz6xEVnQcCo5gR3kCkyVlqNtdV5asv2XBY1I1m_zdhAANyaATx7wecMbfQc8I5iW44LeeriELL9RJxSngjB2ZZxogB68GXedIaOSuDRM4U8dxrArDJPPgDUTHf8trY55clXq39VYj8bw20l17bEiSVYzhfdnyDmXwFNw/w640-h512/Liechtenstein%20Europa%20CEPT%201960%20MiNr%20398.jpeg" title="Liechtenstein Europa CEPT 1960 MiNr 398" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Just an addition to my Europa CEPT collection. Wondering why they didn't do a common design stamp here?</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Switzerland 1955 Stamp Exhibition Lausanne Souvenir Sheet </b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOfxaVVdGyG4dqSG91CgydO80jv4lpk2YlwYbxEiL5EhOLn3nIMpgyuDZv9jczQQuFLpv0nmv0-4VxQoreu3cbIfufgpbwg-nlessLmApp2xXwEhzRCbTKVgbU7wwoPa6BuijDSP6aCWXwvbIdy--qycCd9LTHsVlG7HBlNpeyo-8afDZlkg/s3561/Switzerland%201955%20Stamp%20Exhibition%20Lausanne%20Souvenir%20Sheet%20Michel%20Block%2015,%20Scott%20352a%20.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland 1955 Stamp Exhibition Lausanne Souvenir Sheet Michel Block 15, Scott 352a .jpeg" border="0" data-original-height="2062" data-original-width="3561" height="370" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOfxaVVdGyG4dqSG91CgydO80jv4lpk2YlwYbxEiL5EhOLn3nIMpgyuDZv9jczQQuFLpv0nmv0-4VxQoreu3cbIfufgpbwg-nlessLmApp2xXwEhzRCbTKVgbU7wwoPa6BuijDSP6aCWXwvbIdy--qycCd9LTHsVlG7HBlNpeyo-8afDZlkg/w640-h370/Switzerland%201955%20Stamp%20Exhibition%20Lausanne%20Souvenir%20Sheet%20Michel%20Block%2015,%20Scott%20352a%20.jpeg" title="Switzerland 1955 Stamp Exhibition Lausanne Souvenir Sheet Michel Block 15, Scott 352a .jpeg" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Michel Block 15, Scott 352a. This sheet does not exist perforated.</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Netherlands bunch of MNH stamps from the 70s - 90s</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnlDVysI07tv_likjweuAM_KZx1mVL3tHzvh7pVuTwiR0OiQ8yZJFuJWzi-N2eHXV0F4KtLY5Zk3ciiSbmRcPGlN9gFpjKaV5W3I35jhCQXG3ywYq6kQJOuXSAjSSmI0D-NjBv2lLGBscEKT1xsLWqTjX9eI1VUmKfjvYaABLrdRIL0tsaaQ/s4032/Netherlands%20bunch%20of%20MNH%20stamps%20from%20the%2070s%20-%2090s.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands bunch of MNH stamps from the 70s - 90s" border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjnlDVysI07tv_likjweuAM_KZx1mVL3tHzvh7pVuTwiR0OiQ8yZJFuJWzi-N2eHXV0F4KtLY5Zk3ciiSbmRcPGlN9gFpjKaV5W3I35jhCQXG3ywYq6kQJOuXSAjSSmI0D-NjBv2lLGBscEKT1xsLWqTjX9eI1VUmKfjvYaABLrdRIL0tsaaQ/w480-h640/Netherlands%20bunch%20of%20MNH%20stamps%20from%20the%2070s%20-%2090s.jpeg" title="Netherlands bunch of MNH stamps from the 70s - 90s" width="480" /></a></div><br /><p>I have most of these.. but was missing about 10 or so in my collection, the rest I will sell or trade. Some of these might end up in some of my thematic collections as well (looking at the stamp on stamp ones)</p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>November 8th</b></p><p><b>Netherlands 1913 King William II</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe1l6syoKpTJGf_Y5Snpz26P2t2G4-F0JGrWBjjj4fZVLp_AYrSXLuyWHe5-zfazqWqff93gWiRWr3CWioYin1pqKJtNAau2SRBV-8amdnFZTt9kRuOjf8cOblbpEh3Sz6xSEmxyWFJaipgfJ9qDDSoC4WKAxUMWWHWFBmmu8yv93aWAaahQ/s4032/Netherlands%20NVPH%2099%201913.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands NVPH 99 1913.jpg" border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhe1l6syoKpTJGf_Y5Snpz26P2t2G4-F0JGrWBjjj4fZVLp_AYrSXLuyWHe5-zfazqWqff93gWiRWr3CWioYin1pqKJtNAau2SRBV-8amdnFZTt9kRuOjf8cOblbpEh3Sz6xSEmxyWFJaipgfJ9qDDSoC4WKAxUMWWHWFBmmu8yv93aWAaahQ/w480-h640/Netherlands%20NVPH%2099%201913.jpg" title="Netherlands NVPH 99 1913.jpg" width="480" /></a></div><br /><p>NVPH catalog number 99. Just missing the 10 Guilder one now from this set</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Europa CEPT blocks and mini sheets</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAT8xpqtXtIQkWJMf0g1e-yFEvrrrBmoavMoKFSv7f6YF4mV6NuUBaRDPrkZRO5nPPkKyEHNKHhxsLIin7JuMtl6PCU7S4d4YQKisiQZBOnFG4ffbL6iosjGpGEzlgIq311KaiGnDoByt2BfIXA2oCFT5ftj_TIprcV-icebaeckL2nw73NQ/s3024/Europa%20Cept%20blocks%20and%20sheets.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Europa Cept blocks and sheets" border="0" data-original-height="2915" data-original-width="3024" height="616" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhAT8xpqtXtIQkWJMf0g1e-yFEvrrrBmoavMoKFSv7f6YF4mV6NuUBaRDPrkZRO5nPPkKyEHNKHhxsLIin7JuMtl6PCU7S4d4YQKisiQZBOnFG4ffbL6iosjGpGEzlgIq311KaiGnDoByt2BfIXA2oCFT5ftj_TIprcV-icebaeckL2nw73NQ/w640-h616/Europa%20Cept%20blocks%20and%20sheets.jpg" title="Europa Cept blocks and sheets" width="640" /></a></div><p><br /></p>Just a few Europa CEPT issues to be added to my collection. Stamps from Yugoslavia, Finland, Turkey and Turkish Cyprus<p></p><br /><br /><br /><br /><b>Netherlands International Cour de Justice set</b><p><span face="Skin-market-sans" style="color: #333333;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face="Skin-market-sans" style="color: #333333;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjouiNCvUGjoZnnYm1pmuR9EYIBo06bXVr6ilNQCcSx-QPgXDSHAJfwse0qaBUhEs4MzyNvEnTJMd_rvgWRr-WEp72BPEbfbl1jLLVeHqpfHMiceQauuBD_O89ga6LFN10oZpIgSwAF2DpYIqhP1ZIuxuhgXNp-0jeUXI9-IKDYOoPxi_nmmQ/s1521/Netherlands%20International%20Cour%20de%20Justice%20set.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands International Cour de Justice set" border="0" data-original-height="1521" data-original-width="1467" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjouiNCvUGjoZnnYm1pmuR9EYIBo06bXVr6ilNQCcSx-QPgXDSHAJfwse0qaBUhEs4MzyNvEnTJMd_rvgWRr-WEp72BPEbfbl1jLLVeHqpfHMiceQauuBD_O89ga6LFN10oZpIgSwAF2DpYIqhP1ZIuxuhgXNp-0jeUXI9-IKDYOoPxi_nmmQ/w618-h640/Netherlands%20International%20Cour%20de%20Justice%20set.jpeg" title="Netherlands International Cour de Justice set" width="618" /></a></span></div><span face="Skin-market-sans" style="color: #333333;"><br /></span><p></p>Issued in 1989-1994, NVPH catalog number 44/58<div><br /></div><div><br /><div><br /></div><div><b>November 17th</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Got 3 stamp lots in the mail today</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgacveE_02IUaIvjonMThM-1lP8wQWsW3jja6_BkYlXd_dF3u-o8Ggaoc3jUBP1gYi25WmYt87PXhm21PbHgRDAKJWRHaFp1UMomlBGENjVb5JV7Kt0ZGsuhW-t3t0apJrBK7l2MbUdz2x8-amDq-nbyL7QxaD2OO4R35mUDei0tvBlAMS-Mw/s566/Stamps%20have%20arrived.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="3 envelopes of stamps" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="425" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgacveE_02IUaIvjonMThM-1lP8wQWsW3jja6_BkYlXd_dF3u-o8Ggaoc3jUBP1gYi25WmYt87PXhm21PbHgRDAKJWRHaFp1UMomlBGENjVb5JV7Kt0ZGsuhW-t3t0apJrBK7l2MbUdz2x8-amDq-nbyL7QxaD2OO4R35mUDei0tvBlAMS-Mw/w480-h640/Stamps%20have%20arrived.jpg" title="3 envelopes of stamps" width="480" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div>That is a good amount of stamps on both of those envelopes...</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b>Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers horizontally and vertically double perforations</b></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrkyIcZrXKihc6LJeD-IsnOKIEuOLHP_f2wne3_7hSbPbR8L381qTq-5v7qMC46khoQ-WsRgyUTaC-wA1mYLHc3HJ7wLwEQRE5TjdApILezuY6hb4RdsyuZ56V_EvAjR_LMGld8Zyf8vOICJv-COK_gPACVBqSJqW5z9PgN2IE10bVg2LqXw/s4032/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20Chain%20breakers%20horizontally%20and%20vertically%20double%20perforations.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers horizontally and vertically double perforations" border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrkyIcZrXKihc6LJeD-IsnOKIEuOLHP_f2wne3_7hSbPbR8L381qTq-5v7qMC46khoQ-WsRgyUTaC-wA1mYLHc3HJ7wLwEQRE5TjdApILezuY6hb4RdsyuZ56V_EvAjR_LMGld8Zyf8vOICJv-COK_gPACVBqSJqW5z9PgN2IE10bVg2LqXw/w480-h640/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20Chain%20breakers%20horizontally%20and%20vertically%20double%20perforations.jpg" title="Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers horizontally and vertically double perforations" width="480" /></a></div><br /><div>I always loved these chain breakers stamps.....</div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b>Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers perforation error</b></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi01wKudyh0k9FO4Znoa4YiN2Fn6opfiJ62agXvAAJmS8M6sq5tnvrZ6l2hL7i2RPp3Mvo_qCRYSnEwzc6ZvlwJhi4pq5_VhM7PlT5BPF6ID78zr3p4aZ9mxcMh7fFZIFmzPFS9qZb3ExjI_ywfMhulFf32A6mcBKnseo1xbd1lSiObTfe2Lw/s4032/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20Chain%20breakers%20perforation%20error.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers perforation error" border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi01wKudyh0k9FO4Znoa4YiN2Fn6opfiJ62agXvAAJmS8M6sq5tnvrZ6l2hL7i2RPp3Mvo_qCRYSnEwzc6ZvlwJhi4pq5_VhM7PlT5BPF6ID78zr3p4aZ9mxcMh7fFZIFmzPFS9qZb3ExjI_ywfMhulFf32A6mcBKnseo1xbd1lSiObTfe2Lw/w480-h640/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20Chain%20breakers%20perforation%20error.jpg" title="Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers perforation error" width="480" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><b>Danzig Cork cancellations</b></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzlqKYCrt8dwjtEqw9Mzi_4N92_cU-4PNHqxkSCD3iJ87zzvYazXA6xWB8LHoM4ZH_RkYOl8llFO-D4w5IF8sn1sKUlLrGsD277GbbmTEgKfjZRL2SsjJ96UklXjvHFjNg1y4P4XTqyoCvt4PD-QUYeU94KzIo8jiLCYLeBZ85C11hJkCy5w/s2847/Danzig%20some%20cork%20cancellations.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Danzig some cork cancellations" border="0" data-original-height="2231" data-original-width="2847" height="502" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhzlqKYCrt8dwjtEqw9Mzi_4N92_cU-4PNHqxkSCD3iJ87zzvYazXA6xWB8LHoM4ZH_RkYOl8llFO-D4w5IF8sn1sKUlLrGsD277GbbmTEgKfjZRL2SsjJ96UklXjvHFjNg1y4P4XTqyoCvt4PD-QUYeU94KzIo8jiLCYLeBZ85C11hJkCy5w/w640-h502/Danzig%20some%20cork%20cancellations.jpg" title="Danzig some cork cancellations" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div>Got a bunch of these, this is the first time I have seen this cancellation on Danzig stamps. If you searchon Ebay for korkstempel, you will find more examples...<div><br /><div><br /></div></div><div><b>Netherlands 1941 vliegende duif (flying dove) combinations</b></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQ4Oa-ZNfdgyk2PNl6QTlz3-TZ0ECOTWaYteV25tI3vgev9Y8G2QZFoYCBRrznzlEs078md6-pbb_oa6nZ4t723yYI4UqVb4MshdOTll-zbD8sFjsYw7sYxOVIQzVyVobqcbKYxZ0Yq5qdXbrYRhY8hNCxbFmrHpNuPBeEVzJEZaGPTfvFGw/s3365/Netherlands%201941%20vliegende%20duif%20%20combinations.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1941 vliegende duif (flying dove) combinations" border="0" data-original-height="3365" data-original-width="2853" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQ4Oa-ZNfdgyk2PNl6QTlz3-TZ0ECOTWaYteV25tI3vgev9Y8G2QZFoYCBRrznzlEs078md6-pbb_oa6nZ4t723yYI4UqVb4MshdOTll-zbD8sFjsYw7sYxOVIQzVyVobqcbKYxZ0Yq5qdXbrYRhY8hNCxbFmrHpNuPBeEVzJEZaGPTfvFGw/w542-h640/Netherlands%201941%20vliegende%20duif%20%20combinations.jpg" title="Netherlands 1941 vliegende duif (flying dove) combinations" width="542" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>NVPH catalog numbers 379a/379d</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b>Switzerland 1939 National exposition all 3 languages</b></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-duipvBS45IRp8hZ91qJeyjI23LxNwWVl0_lP93eu0GTC17XlDenLq-3ScA8hyasMALW1Cv362LTfWQH9ZIr33-dXvZ5w5nudpJEFCoaKPovl6kLKo6KK6mRL5bYh-BiD66UBEkzHwXabqz5MnlzFhBQjnIQ9UkpMY4THLzh-96ieOwhbmg/s3024/Switzerland%201939%20all%203%20languages.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland 1939 National exposition all 3 languages Michel catalog number 344/355. Scott catalog number 256/267" border="0" data-original-height="2678" data-original-width="3024" height="566" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-duipvBS45IRp8hZ91qJeyjI23LxNwWVl0_lP93eu0GTC17XlDenLq-3ScA8hyasMALW1Cv362LTfWQH9ZIr33-dXvZ5w5nudpJEFCoaKPovl6kLKo6KK6mRL5bYh-BiD66UBEkzHwXabqz5MnlzFhBQjnIQ9UkpMY4THLzh-96ieOwhbmg/w640-h566/Switzerland%201939%20all%203%20languages.jpg" title="Switzerland 1939 National exposition all 3 languages Michel catalog number 344/355. Scott catalog number 256/267" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div>Tree and crossbow, nice clean design, visually very pleasing</div><div><br /></div><div>Michel catalog number 344/355. Scott catalog number 256/267</div><div><br /></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>November 30th</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers partially imperforated stamps</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcZ2XT0AzK5bFk-u3--nK4apLkVsREqUEBXirM0NB4n4ZPmmeaXyfAbiFdwpCtb0i4Tpi66h8J_mXMBVkLOiYIbZWFICVBbnTz8BF_vLBOIhvyVC7QWGPY0kS5huwSv_gNCuM41sABPlnoAkLS5Na3YB8CeBh-vD9wG_gKTSlSVpFiC2U16g/s1512/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20Chain%20breakers%20partially%20imperforated%20stamps.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers partially imperforated stamps" border="0" data-original-height="1359" data-original-width="1512" height="576" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcZ2XT0AzK5bFk-u3--nK4apLkVsREqUEBXirM0NB4n4ZPmmeaXyfAbiFdwpCtb0i4Tpi66h8J_mXMBVkLOiYIbZWFICVBbnTz8BF_vLBOIhvyVC7QWGPY0kS5huwSv_gNCuM41sABPlnoAkLS5Na3YB8CeBh-vD9wG_gKTSlSVpFiC2U16g/w640-h576/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20Chain%20breakers%20partially%20imperforated%20stamps.jpeg" title="Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers partially imperforated stamps" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><br /><div><b>Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers double horizontal perforation</b></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG0CGw0So1sf_-rF_KuYaRH30N4POOe9_DpDbFejCNeGZboiW5PbbOuFsznKFKbZKxXAhzBBdbqAZYhoFt67yIPYujBofDcdbWvE8dYN_TKpZtOPq0IEfgvgNjA3qscWO_SUD5JSxmiWz5M0dZg4sJZhf4SS2v_PvdOnvg2lX1zcxKkiQRig/s3877/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20Chain%20breakers%20%20double%20horizontal%20perforation.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers double horizontal perforation" border="0" data-original-height="3877" data-original-width="2236" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG0CGw0So1sf_-rF_KuYaRH30N4POOe9_DpDbFejCNeGZboiW5PbbOuFsznKFKbZKxXAhzBBdbqAZYhoFt67yIPYujBofDcdbWvE8dYN_TKpZtOPq0IEfgvgNjA3qscWO_SUD5JSxmiWz5M0dZg4sJZhf4SS2v_PvdOnvg2lX1zcxKkiQRig/w370-h640/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20Chain%20breakers%20%20double%20horizontal%20perforation.jpg" title="Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers double horizontal perforation" width="370" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers double vertical perforation</b></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMzzh75Nt0OgpBKqK8T9sygejWiy0_D8IUHVSq_RAp_xihuYXrO9LNSfAqQiy8T4FUTzcTPMDqiDFUmfIK9YogjijC-Q_9_3mq8EzRMeitjvG72l10vvdDP66dsa-oH7N2JWy49nyIdw12C39El1o-Frk72o0N72UmYzuRyi7BBuekfX7qOg/s4030/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20Chain%20breakers%20%20double%20vertical%20perforation.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers double vertical perforation" border="0" data-original-height="2520" data-original-width="4030" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgMzzh75Nt0OgpBKqK8T9sygejWiy0_D8IUHVSq_RAp_xihuYXrO9LNSfAqQiy8T4FUTzcTPMDqiDFUmfIK9YogjijC-Q_9_3mq8EzRMeitjvG72l10vvdDP66dsa-oH7N2JWy49nyIdw12C39El1o-Frk72o0N72UmYzuRyi7BBuekfX7qOg/w640-h400/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20Chain%20breakers%20%20double%20vertical%20perforation.jpg" title="Slovenia SHS 1919 Chain breakers double vertical perforation" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Slovenia SHS 1920 King Peter I Imperforated</b></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMNorQSkILa1vtN0u8T6iCSOLjR4EWwCQxBY7da2QV0iR4y7SIYGdiqoTMx5pRB7mk_sw8vDv_2jbROCsRy7XZrFjM5ENynfERMorzS5uvbowq-fPVpWVzLFwkelYANmuOZOR94JppNCoru2D5mbpQf557XfLs5Vs5Riurt4iEtxqdGqDFYw/s2016/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20King%20Peter%20I%20Imperforated.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Slovenia SHS 1920 King Peter I Imperforated" border="0" data-original-height="2016" data-original-width="1512" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjMNorQSkILa1vtN0u8T6iCSOLjR4EWwCQxBY7da2QV0iR4y7SIYGdiqoTMx5pRB7mk_sw8vDv_2jbROCsRy7XZrFjM5ENynfERMorzS5uvbowq-fPVpWVzLFwkelYANmuOZOR94JppNCoru2D5mbpQf557XfLs5Vs5Riurt4iEtxqdGqDFYw/w480-h640/Slovenia%20SHS%201919%20King%20Peter%20I%20Imperforated.jpeg" title="Slovenia SHS 1920 King Peter I Imperforated" width="480" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-38440097002467481942022-10-07T07:01:00.011-07:002022-11-08T06:30:18.801-08:00 Added to my collection October 2022<p>This will just be a post with all the stamps that I added to my collections in October 2022</p><p><br /></p><p><b>October 2nd</b></p><div>Got a bunch of stamps in this envelope (see for stamps further below)</div><div> </div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4IVHZm87hNDTD2yN6tYM8EOAqPMQdRgHk2RDa4uSxXBbOFDmuKp4efinWyoE667AoLlR1o3MtpgWCx1TtJ9fzC_ucPWP-16zSprMiJn8q33uFEcGnHbXqC7IyZc3UHh860XfwAsfezqDKU0wJs9aNmvvSBluQg6SNJ9zSOENQ7O3ZETknCw/s2048/DoNotBend.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Do Not Bend" border="0" data-original-height="1536" data-original-width="2048" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh4IVHZm87hNDTD2yN6tYM8EOAqPMQdRgHk2RDa4uSxXBbOFDmuKp4efinWyoE667AoLlR1o3MtpgWCx1TtJ9fzC_ucPWP-16zSprMiJn8q33uFEcGnHbXqC7IyZc3UHh860XfwAsfezqDKU0wJs9aNmvvSBluQg6SNJ9zSOENQ7O3ZETknCw/w640-h480/DoNotBend.jpg" title="Do Not Bend" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div>Notice the "Please Do Not Bend" part? Well the person working for USPS did not notice it and tried to make it fit.... Luckily no stamps were damaged. Also I was wondering how they can still use non Euro denominated stamps to mail these out?</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><p><b>Switzerland 1852 Michel no 12</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-Sts-Y8JBBA27OQXsSlKDxm9nsTh4Hqd-cvS_ILtzswbDRZyNvdtsuMU5h6MKzxQ6KKbQ5icnVwwA8jlS1wszDhDUb_bLkuBU9pf2Fg6mQwVdSCRAfUaKTFxsIOqGht_TBcfBOuQI3QVd1XzLLPusI1D9cHTv61cTiR2cF3o1ujx-QWQcAw/s604/Switzerland%201852%20Michel%20no%2012..%20not%20the%20best%20margins%E2%80%A6.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland 1852 Michel no 12.. not the best margins…." border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="453" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-Sts-Y8JBBA27OQXsSlKDxm9nsTh4Hqd-cvS_ILtzswbDRZyNvdtsuMU5h6MKzxQ6KKbQ5icnVwwA8jlS1wszDhDUb_bLkuBU9pf2Fg6mQwVdSCRAfUaKTFxsIOqGht_TBcfBOuQI3QVd1XzLLPusI1D9cHTv61cTiR2cF3o1ujx-QWQcAw/w480-h640/Switzerland%201852%20Michel%20no%2012..%20not%20the%20best%20margins%E2%80%A6.jpg" title="Switzerland 1852 Michel no 12.. not the best margins…." width="480" /></a></div><br /><p>Michel number 12, Scott number 12 as well</p><p>Not the best margins unfortunately… Hopefully in the future I will get a cleaner specimen</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Austria MNH stamps and some used sheets</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjH9ZJ7Zz41joKdzFVQxklhgNPhIVY8H8pMqvbkmwb64WwBHoZ41TDRtKfsZdeAzzXuW7XnVPjMUcLUCDlQsJAMWud2MXKzn5K43hzljZWMGq0Q87_dSfeeRHkH9TOkAicmdTvo0J8xBsmPvDzLTAmcmQ71UNqejhH_nWl4CZUX2nii7k-47w/s4032/Austria%20MNH%20stamps%20and%20some%20used%20sheets.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria MNH stamps and some used sheets" border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjH9ZJ7Zz41joKdzFVQxklhgNPhIVY8H8pMqvbkmwb64WwBHoZ41TDRtKfsZdeAzzXuW7XnVPjMUcLUCDlQsJAMWud2MXKzn5K43hzljZWMGq0Q87_dSfeeRHkH9TOkAicmdTvo0J8xBsmPvDzLTAmcmQ71UNqejhH_nWl4CZUX2nii7k-47w/w640-h480/Austria%20MNH%20stamps%20and%20some%20used%20sheets.jpg" title="Austria MNH stamps and some used sheets" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Just filling in gaps in my collection :-)</p><p><br /></p><p>Switzerland 1999 125 year UPU anniversary</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTVe_gZCX3BXZsmCWnDIp5QfO3wXSNXV4Xkn_IMbD1RtMumWB9Uol0n94us4xBpecWXldoI4VTZNupBGG-DdMmHzbXwFqSrP1RuluZvYoljpQ6R406AX13htw3qTjY4lbBxsBu9zrdPVCDv_RfITrfJq7KIzRocsV-bjPV0lF5Hr5az7m1Hw/s641/Switzerland%201999%20125%20year%20UPU%20anniversary..%20pretty%20cool%20design.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland 1999 125 year UPU anniversary.. pretty cool design" border="0" data-original-height="606" data-original-width="641" height="606" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgTVe_gZCX3BXZsmCWnDIp5QfO3wXSNXV4Xkn_IMbD1RtMumWB9Uol0n94us4xBpecWXldoI4VTZNupBGG-DdMmHzbXwFqSrP1RuluZvYoljpQ6R406AX13htw3qTjY4lbBxsBu9zrdPVCDv_RfITrfJq7KIzRocsV-bjPV0lF5Hr5az7m1Hw/w640-h606/Switzerland%201999%20125%20year%20UPU%20anniversary..%20pretty%20cool%20design.png" title="Switzerland 1999 125 year UPU anniversary.. pretty cool design" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>This is a pretty cool design</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Monaco 1983 Europa CEPT mini sheet</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ46ldFzAt-MQtxvb2Q1OLkyu0X86TPCSO7iXWmx8t28wC7fbDlXAT5UhKVimm9QIsb1QhjQmDSkQn9k4X9eoQEer4oONbHQAy0i2so8GMVQyZuF0PNKuWuQpfSAVt3DiACrr0wvO0Y3z3_2gIYP4UtlOBh4TC-mG2sSr5-2z19jCuGdeirQ/s2746/Monaco%201983%20Europa%20CEPT%20mini%20sheet.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Monaco 1983 Europa CEPT mini sheet" border="0" data-original-height="2297" data-original-width="2746" height="536" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQ46ldFzAt-MQtxvb2Q1OLkyu0X86TPCSO7iXWmx8t28wC7fbDlXAT5UhKVimm9QIsb1QhjQmDSkQn9k4X9eoQEer4oONbHQAy0i2so8GMVQyZuF0PNKuWuQpfSAVt3DiACrr0wvO0Y3z3_2gIYP4UtlOBh4TC-mG2sSr5-2z19jCuGdeirQ/w640-h536/Monaco%201983%20Europa%20CEPT%20mini%20sheet.jpg" title="Monaco 1983 Europa CEPT mini sheet" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>This sheet can go in a Monaco collection as well as in a Balloon, Space or Europa CEPT thematic collection </p><p><br /></p><p><b>Switzerland Vignette from year album/yearbook 1999 </b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5rfwd5AgFJsSqm0oq7GqfNxUE2Gu94RwOynO2aWxpplz18omkNLqszpygcFUtB8Q5yUEdtRqqlQfF_m-z1J5GSim3vlWPZZwQof1VHKTgIp4oDvIjXowBm_E9Xe17aOZtgdCocu6ErfJ_8u4IXQxMediNqMbjSZF_za0r3o79FPOda46UBQ/s745/Switzerland%20199%20yearbook%20label.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Switzerland Vignette from year album/yearbook 1999" border="0" data-original-height="549" data-original-width="745" height="472" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj5rfwd5AgFJsSqm0oq7GqfNxUE2Gu94RwOynO2aWxpplz18omkNLqszpygcFUtB8Q5yUEdtRqqlQfF_m-z1J5GSim3vlWPZZwQof1VHKTgIp4oDvIjXowBm_E9Xe17aOZtgdCocu6ErfJ_8u4IXQxMediNqMbjSZF_za0r3o79FPOda46UBQ/w640-h472/Switzerland%20199%20yearbook%20label.png" title="Switzerland Vignette from year album/yearbook 1999" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><b>October 7th</b></p><p><b>Germany 1926 airmail stamps </b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBx6785_b6DjSrM_oXycDML5Ei322qtZ74loTH_gP2z5WDrSe9bhaT_yq7TT8DiITEC1EQnWVKajmR2kaPBWxoYgSf_-IC9fKqbMLHF7BTJQ3E7J7AijMQhHldWzNOum4UJDqHaLyEV3FYnXVzP2JAyPLGlPZAFDQ-Kq6i-09AU7iOJeAn-g/s760/Germany%201926%20airmail%20stamps%20Michel%20378_84%20Scott%20C27_34.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany 1926 airmail stamps Michel 378/84 Scott C27/34" border="0" data-original-height="760" data-original-width="617" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBx6785_b6DjSrM_oXycDML5Ei322qtZ74loTH_gP2z5WDrSe9bhaT_yq7TT8DiITEC1EQnWVKajmR2kaPBWxoYgSf_-IC9fKqbMLHF7BTJQ3E7J7AijMQhHldWzNOum4UJDqHaLyEV3FYnXVzP2JAyPLGlPZAFDQ-Kq6i-09AU7iOJeAn-g/w520-h640/Germany%201926%20airmail%20stamps%20Michel%20378_84%20Scott%20C27_34.png" title="Germany 1926 airmail stamps Michel 378/84 Scott C27/34" width="520" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p>Michel 378/84 Scott C27/34... I always liked this set</p><p><br /></p><p><b>October 25th</b></p><p><b>Netherlands 1967 Amphilex sheets</b></p><p>I have been eyeing these for a while now and they are finally part of my collection</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjh7tWKoXQQ2hTMZiN6gWiLkE_ZGOZqlsKAQmF2krcFYdSKXj0HXuZrW78cHWCoKwAHsqy3fILooxn762Qt9Mnd-CBHDAnuJ9LCQdoiCIOFRUeQnXQ1uVYirYGwGDo29I9uV-Qa--dj8c34e4Ct21fAXGSdqzj5wQmPGTTIOv0rUof8_up_wA/s1280/Netherlands%201967%20Amphilex%20sheets.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1967 Amphilex sheets" border="0" data-original-height="960" data-original-width="1280" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjh7tWKoXQQ2hTMZiN6gWiLkE_ZGOZqlsKAQmF2krcFYdSKXj0HXuZrW78cHWCoKwAHsqy3fILooxn762Qt9Mnd-CBHDAnuJ9LCQdoiCIOFRUeQnXQ1uVYirYGwGDo29I9uV-Qa--dj8c34e4Ct21fAXGSdqzj5wQmPGTTIOv0rUof8_up_wA/w640-h480/Netherlands%201967%20Amphilex%20sheets.jpeg" title="Netherlands 1967 Amphilex sheets" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>On the sheets are stamps from the first 3 issues</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Europa CEPT mini sheets and booklets</b></p><p>Just adding these to complete at least the common issues... still have ways to go</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9xgNtIClmJ3ik36RJtOAt2-sIBggoKZd0cTF_G9OISYuXkkyk6TiCYQKpuqRR9Oqd19zwHEvVWy6b74_UzxuOzfkTDF-rtlFthXISL84u-wM5IvKS7Ic7aihGac5HNHBrw1KtZKr9GPLl04P0zVykWMZP44eRnJJ5K_0lVRAthhC411Wnag/s1668/Europ%20CEPT%20minisheets%20and%20booklets.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Europa CEPT minisheets and booklets" border="0" data-original-height="1668" data-original-width="1465" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj9xgNtIClmJ3ik36RJtOAt2-sIBggoKZd0cTF_G9OISYuXkkyk6TiCYQKpuqRR9Oqd19zwHEvVWy6b74_UzxuOzfkTDF-rtlFthXISL84u-wM5IvKS7Ic7aihGac5HNHBrw1KtZKr9GPLl04P0zVykWMZP44eRnJJ5K_0lVRAthhC411Wnag/w562-h640/Europ%20CEPT%20minisheets%20and%20booklets.jpeg" title="Europa CEPT minisheets and booklets" width="562" /></a></div><br /><p><b>French Colonies Peace And Commerce 1877</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxLTD9RyDC6d1j8Mkn79KCc8BFgz3MqJRHBUV1W1rPL-ASj-LQCxQvtn0G7AyR8QBvXuz4mF_X__JYUiC_OUFt08-V5l4pStaxomFQChsclzgZtpkKb-RqrkfDwc2X1wp0V0hcV8NovRU-cXAduPB_60VeuT1xEuu-u2S6mjNj6yZ5FDcvkg/s4032/French%20Colonies%20Peace%20And%20Commerce%201877%20Michel%2028,%20Scott%2032.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="French Colonies Peace And Commerce 1877 Michel 28, Scott 32" border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhxLTD9RyDC6d1j8Mkn79KCc8BFgz3MqJRHBUV1W1rPL-ASj-LQCxQvtn0G7AyR8QBvXuz4mF_X__JYUiC_OUFt08-V5l4pStaxomFQChsclzgZtpkKb-RqrkfDwc2X1wp0V0hcV8NovRU-cXAduPB_60VeuT1xEuu-u2S6mjNj6yZ5FDcvkg/w480-h640/French%20Colonies%20Peace%20And%20Commerce%201877%20Michel%2028,%20Scott%2032.jpg" title="French Colonies Peace And Commerce 1877 Michel 28, Scott 32" width="480" /></a></div><br /><p>I love these stamps from France, I loved them even more when they are imperforated like they were issued for the French Colonies</p><p>Michel catalog number 28, Scott catalog number 32</p><p><b><br /></b></p><p><b>Belgian Telephone tete beche gutter pair stamps</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDmoGXoeM_bc8ZtWOsf366Xa6qznng8V17HAl7jh0iV0125D8vOTSlORR3FbOEn5Mvjl_6MV657S8hYShI8XkxQEEsOMv8x6xJ3Nd8NTwJnyCF7QvZn61_L6kYHkgkvCkDPurTJ5dBtPMrw-9YW-f8NMDsaY-goC3Ar2hwdfs6738Sok0-qA/s4032/Belgian%20Telephone%20tete%20beche%20gutter%20pair%20stamps.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Belgian Telephone tete beche gutter pair stamps" border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="4032" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDmoGXoeM_bc8ZtWOsf366Xa6qznng8V17HAl7jh0iV0125D8vOTSlORR3FbOEn5Mvjl_6MV657S8hYShI8XkxQEEsOMv8x6xJ3Nd8NTwJnyCF7QvZn61_L6kYHkgkvCkDPurTJ5dBtPMrw-9YW-f8NMDsaY-goC3Ar2hwdfs6738Sok0-qA/w640-h480/Belgian%20Telephone%20tete%20beche%20gutter%20pair%20stamps.jpeg" title="Belgian Telephone tete beche gutter pair stamps" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>These can't be found in the Michel or Scott catalogs</p><p><br /></p><p>Luckily I have a buddy that has the Belgian COB catalog</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikONS3XD1tgW3ykkHgIws6ff3vcq3aonOriv6UOLjPYh11XSfZfb791r346NpRkN6OK39FI1SVuj2qje-6_JlhvxKTb9n2n0hyqlfyY01_-JoQASXFnyx8F1gdnnA0zBg3ZwkYGclAMx0Yyc_Glwoke-duuA1vpNQT2AEptNHR5QelK4YDzA/s805/tete%20beche%20gutter%20pair%20catalog.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Belgian catalog tete beche gutter pair catalog" border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="805" height="480" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEikONS3XD1tgW3ykkHgIws6ff3vcq3aonOriv6UOLjPYh11XSfZfb791r346NpRkN6OK39FI1SVuj2qje-6_JlhvxKTb9n2n0hyqlfyY01_-JoQASXFnyx8F1gdnnA0zBg3ZwkYGclAMx0Yyc_Glwoke-duuA1vpNQT2AEptNHR5QelK4YDzA/w640-h480/tete%20beche%20gutter%20pair%20catalog.jpg" title="Belgian catalog tete beche gutter pair catalog" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Looks like catalog number TE29/TE32.. </p><p><br /></p><p><b>October 28th</b></p><p><b>Swiss stamps from 1989 -1999</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHPfMapLk015ofFgz94GEnSIU_wKN2Uxl4E1EO4oaG69xXwKfPKsByLLPw0xTW3QMA0ESB7fHkzJNkuQb03Yqrk1VUfmSL-1WxFNPChViT9FcITqVuyUjRc1fKy-QkVcT7KGWGMPXar7wMJYnCe1Gtx7oEbIaAagHtokKsXlqiFBfdgrVC_A/s604/Swiss%20MNH%20stamps%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Swiss MNH stamps 1" border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="555" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgHPfMapLk015ofFgz94GEnSIU_wKN2Uxl4E1EO4oaG69xXwKfPKsByLLPw0xTW3QMA0ESB7fHkzJNkuQb03Yqrk1VUfmSL-1WxFNPChViT9FcITqVuyUjRc1fKy-QkVcT7KGWGMPXar7wMJYnCe1Gtx7oEbIaAagHtokKsXlqiFBfdgrVC_A/w588-h640/Swiss%20MNH%20stamps%201.jpg" title="Swiss MNH stamps 1" width="588" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtPZ6PB23Gc5UL7OFg1fj7zzwi_IWE-EpxLD-qL5gEnB5R0kzkZlVaJIt8qnlDT7WgOyaW1KBKxF1I5_I4Lt62iN95cn0PRkxECBkg8shcik2i3yEQZMuoHyejADYflDtaxrdauc2ru0UnSMTxdlKgOcaMun0k7XvblsTuV0yJcEPpzqkkEA/s715/Swiss%20MNH%20stamps%202.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Swiss MNH stamps 2" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="715" height="506" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjtPZ6PB23Gc5UL7OFg1fj7zzwi_IWE-EpxLD-qL5gEnB5R0kzkZlVaJIt8qnlDT7WgOyaW1KBKxF1I5_I4Lt62iN95cn0PRkxECBkg8shcik2i3yEQZMuoHyejADYflDtaxrdauc2ru0UnSMTxdlKgOcaMun0k7XvblsTuV0yJcEPpzqkkEA/w640-h506/Swiss%20MNH%20stamps%202.jpg" title="Swiss MNH stamps 2" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi854wYaQwwZFGtL3iFd6i2wut4gU-DbJEwkrSv3Cmrow5ygBOgY_6RZNrNZ2XxFefFZXAPwVnmiK3wX8j3nb6DLLkJ2o9Lk58MkF35vz5y6kWYTpuTeOP0tKDXEDQ9eljTeB07KN7o9gCOzRGFrCyKa9OGyjQdLTpSe1nKNEFFneqrwB2O2g/s566/Swiss%20MNH%20stamps%203.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Swiss MNH stamps 3" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="498" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi854wYaQwwZFGtL3iFd6i2wut4gU-DbJEwkrSv3Cmrow5ygBOgY_6RZNrNZ2XxFefFZXAPwVnmiK3wX8j3nb6DLLkJ2o9Lk58MkF35vz5y6kWYTpuTeOP0tKDXEDQ9eljTeB07KN7o9gCOzRGFrCyKa9OGyjQdLTpSe1nKNEFFneqrwB2O2g/w564-h640/Swiss%20MNH%20stamps%203.jpg" title="Swiss MNH stamps 3" width="564" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRBcDzprQw9D2JE81DMmlVJKOPhJJixs-ipqU5gYBvwRzmMu_QcW-Z6i-4zjYeQ0VseLULnKeOcXqeT8zMMsAaNEdWrY0F3qGWt2RXhDSnbRhD3Rz9mWJwTklQOR6N15Hir0xKfo0WVZfwIT0vdjoGi5XVVUDDxo4p5TEN63Lvpm6ngEEllQ/s566/Swiss%20MNH%20stamps%204.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Swiss MNH stamps 4" border="0" data-original-height="566" data-original-width="520" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRBcDzprQw9D2JE81DMmlVJKOPhJJixs-ipqU5gYBvwRzmMu_QcW-Z6i-4zjYeQ0VseLULnKeOcXqeT8zMMsAaNEdWrY0F3qGWt2RXhDSnbRhD3Rz9mWJwTklQOR6N15Hir0xKfo0WVZfwIT0vdjoGi5XVVUDDxo4p5TEN63Lvpm6ngEEllQ/w588-h640/Swiss%20MNH%20stamps%204.jpg" title="Swiss MNH stamps 4" width="588" /></a></div><br /><p>Didn't have most of these... so this is a good percentage of stamps that I am adding to my Switzerland collection</p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-80113403481729237062022-09-02T08:58:00.008-07:002022-09-29T09:27:20.129-07:00Added to my collection September 2022<p> This will just be a post with all the stamps that I added to my collections in September 2022</p><p><br /></p><p>September 1st</p><p><b>Belgium 1925 Kings Leopold I and Albert I</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipzA2DJ8m78layKl6Y4X8aYp7iuu3I4t1YYvMSif0s9l_kYT9CvX3TtNVp9Knr0ifTzygOeaJrc4BkDbS48aOwYSUZoCXq__7DCp-MH5sS5xujsqKwpiLjUKi7t25FZgs8jC-4eZ3IzY69_fiCBGQ-v2ZMBF8YggGIRwOOvy26jIJr45pZzg/s3182/Belgium%201925%20Kings%20Leopold%20I%20and%20Albert%20I.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Belgium 1925 Kings Leopold I and Albert I" border="0" data-original-height="3182" data-original-width="2953" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipzA2DJ8m78layKl6Y4X8aYp7iuu3I4t1YYvMSif0s9l_kYT9CvX3TtNVp9Knr0ifTzygOeaJrc4BkDbS48aOwYSUZoCXq__7DCp-MH5sS5xujsqKwpiLjUKi7t25FZgs8jC-4eZ3IzY69_fiCBGQ-v2ZMBF8YggGIRwOOvy26jIJr45pZzg/w594-h640/Belgium%201925%20Kings%20Leopold%20I%20and%20Albert%20I.jpg" title="Belgium 1925 Kings Leopold I and Albert I" width="594" /></a></div><br />75th Anniversary of Belgian postage stamps. These were sold only in sets and only bu the Administration of Posts, not at all post offices<p></p><p>Scott numbers: 172/184</p><p>Michel numbers: 191/203</p><p><b><br /></b></p><p>September 2nd</p><p><br /></p><p><b>Germany 1912 Semiofficial Flight Stamp Margateten Volksfest Winged Man 50pf</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpX9ooby6gOLFLvv3rEVqMxFXONMd0XuDP_ZrEw3lePgeyXyfLoGDo7_LNvyr1wK5tFFF-4QRknomuxdmrF4HIAsTp-6ex96mBuOMC3ybNMpflJNtc5f4II5kuaIAC6EFHTrvKoxgWC8y3-ui1SvxBqGr6sZvvl2dvVqHC8JsJD38M6vM8mQ/s748/Germany%201912%20Semiofficial%20Flight%20Stamp%20Margateten%20Volksfest%20Winged%20Man%2050pf.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany 1912 Semiofficial Flight Stamp Margateten Volksfest Winged Man 50pf" border="0" data-original-height="748" data-original-width="549" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjpX9ooby6gOLFLvv3rEVqMxFXONMd0XuDP_ZrEw3lePgeyXyfLoGDo7_LNvyr1wK5tFFF-4QRknomuxdmrF4HIAsTp-6ex96mBuOMC3ybNMpflJNtc5f4II5kuaIAC6EFHTrvKoxgWC8y3-ui1SvxBqGr6sZvvl2dvVqHC8JsJD38M6vM8mQ/w470-h640/Germany%201912%20Semiofficial%20Flight%20Stamp%20Margateten%20Volksfest%20Winged%20Man%2050pf.png" title="Germany 1912 Semiofficial Flight Stamp Margateten Volksfest Winged Man 50pf" width="470" /></a></div><br /><p>Michel number 4a</p><p>Could these be Daedalus And Icarus? The catalog just says winged man</p><p><br /></p><p><b>France 1942 Private Issue Legion Des Volontaires </b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieqg8glFNpsWhZicTCwEJQuJWiQFbLxIWyrZt1Lc8F22pDS9cLYLlCPXEPCIqy8POe1_lUHVfaqHsXw-LdxTLv5DdptUosKXMs_wj9HnFy_4Y57y-2Ei082eCuI0pfCZsFKucWQlRs3IUsWve1hm6uAybSQ8_nmDdogyPM4ZaSWDWz3GemGg/s1003/France%201942%20Private%20Issue%20Legion%20Des%20Volontaires%20.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France 1942 Private Issue Legion Des Volontaires" border="0" data-original-height="824" data-original-width="1003" height="526" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieqg8glFNpsWhZicTCwEJQuJWiQFbLxIWyrZt1Lc8F22pDS9cLYLlCPXEPCIqy8POe1_lUHVfaqHsXw-LdxTLv5DdptUosKXMs_wj9HnFy_4Y57y-2Ei082eCuI0pfCZsFKucWQlRs3IUsWve1hm6uAybSQ8_nmDdogyPM4ZaSWDWz3GemGg/w640-h526/France%201942%20Private%20Issue%20Legion%20Des%20Volontaires%20.png" title="France 1942 Private Issue Legion Des Volontaires" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Action committee of the Legion of French Volunteers Against Bolshevism</p><p>Michel II/V</p><p><br /></p><p>September 12th</p><p><b>Austria number 1</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghzQg9Ch_W63VJngmBt13bkLIkOf8nUQ8zzgKp4W6OYwK7n3GbcHNZ2zzXquxz_FhdgV59kZ9k53aaVPxtspOzVlS8pAyKsY2KW0hpsOVcapDacQtSluRJVFtkXXJKneWv39gGxOrKP3N9uvzh4KsEKtB_vslagbdQzShjhM69OHOb9hQhjA/s4032/Austria%20number%201.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria number 1" border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghzQg9Ch_W63VJngmBt13bkLIkOf8nUQ8zzgKp4W6OYwK7n3GbcHNZ2zzXquxz_FhdgV59kZ9k53aaVPxtspOzVlS8pAyKsY2KW0hpsOVcapDacQtSluRJVFtkXXJKneWv39gGxOrKP3N9uvzh4KsEKtB_vslagbdQzShjhM69OHOb9hQhjA/w480-h640/Austria%20number%201.jpg" title="Austria number 1" width="480" /></a></div><br /><p>That completes the first issue for Austria (1-5)</p><p>Now my messy page 1 looks like this</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZFYYK5DHg0k8rWUEP9DgqVrjDfT4E9h2HviBrm-erABu3c0nd5mY7fH1dh7OcfQfpkrH8f-qXo-CcZ3O3N9SUsVfbWOZO-MityKaamKPpy-ZRxQvVEZ8nU1h7WWChgbq4uMooZTGJ258m60ygzhRw_1qyuYYIsj3kkkNnM6Qw3iMOQzJKFQ/s3859/Austria%20Page%201.webp" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria Page 1" border="0" data-original-height="3024" data-original-width="3859" height="502" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjZFYYK5DHg0k8rWUEP9DgqVrjDfT4E9h2HviBrm-erABu3c0nd5mY7fH1dh7OcfQfpkrH8f-qXo-CcZ3O3N9SUsVfbWOZO-MityKaamKPpy-ZRxQvVEZ8nU1h7WWChgbq4uMooZTGJ258m60ygzhRw_1qyuYYIsj3kkkNnM6Qw3iMOQzJKFQ/w640-h502/Austria%20Page%201.webp" title="Austria Page 1" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>September 12th</p><p><b>Netherlands 1928 Olympic Games set</b></p><p>NVPH catalog 212/219, finally I completed this set :-)</p><p>I only need 99 stamps to complete Netherlands till 1990 including semi postal stamps...</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwltdHfsbzYSXjzPbX1dy7OiwmCW6F_C0wrUs7Zrv1mHzcEZgoQCZ9Il-qFmhg_Y1hb97gqtImNJU11Kh1QvdKqj3S2T4EHsCF8l2C-7MHkZLthb3CHFwAVKp7h_LDiW63SEVpUZxH_-mlCtnDhia7l1FMbJ6vDrdlrwYHdp9FkjRL4urUdA/s3054/image0.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1928 Olympic Games set NVPH catalog 212/219" border="0" data-original-height="3054" data-original-width="2926" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwltdHfsbzYSXjzPbX1dy7OiwmCW6F_C0wrUs7Zrv1mHzcEZgoQCZ9Il-qFmhg_Y1hb97gqtImNJU11Kh1QvdKqj3S2T4EHsCF8l2C-7MHkZLthb3CHFwAVKp7h_LDiW63SEVpUZxH_-mlCtnDhia7l1FMbJ6vDrdlrwYHdp9FkjRL4urUdA/w614-h640/image0.jpeg" title="Netherlands 1928 Olympic Games set NVPH catalog 212/219" width="614" /></a></div><br /><p>September 17th</p><p><b>Europa CEPT stamps</b></p><p>Europa CEPT stamps from Iceland, Germany, Yugoslavia and Greece</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8q68IrtLMagxrFxvl9tN9CDAtJ2_Hhulwc1D3AtYMQoq6Sjp1ax_HwVp95EeF_inKXRqnqzEz-lOUZMNJpeCVigKcTMrPDS8Hx_8snllQjw54e0PraRmeTGg-AO4KIzIqB9XkTA44eHGLEmxQri1EYmBNhhXY6Hy5YNA2bS1MHp8afdnL8Q/s2048/Cept%20Iceland%20Germany.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Cept Iceland Germany" border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8q68IrtLMagxrFxvl9tN9CDAtJ2_Hhulwc1D3AtYMQoq6Sjp1ax_HwVp95EeF_inKXRqnqzEz-lOUZMNJpeCVigKcTMrPDS8Hx_8snllQjw54e0PraRmeTGg-AO4KIzIqB9XkTA44eHGLEmxQri1EYmBNhhXY6Hy5YNA2bS1MHp8afdnL8Q/w480-h640/Cept%20Iceland%20Germany.jpg" title="Cept Iceland Germany" width="480" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvMVSvSabCZuxvDdoYoEN0NJ9GMQ1gm2xMaZFVKSCsdFq0KxLET3AuxjnxgBX7Z_BrASW_qqZJMDDSjlKwM7RS-FUKpPKCcFrSCIsaPp9b7gaVJOlUuKQJ2BiOQg8YVlmEn63IShqmd854DK4_xbJQX7vfLNKVrmeUj0dUJ6dzK3yWGu-SYg/s1227/Cept%20Greece.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Cept Greece" border="0" data-original-height="360" data-original-width="1227" height="188" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvMVSvSabCZuxvDdoYoEN0NJ9GMQ1gm2xMaZFVKSCsdFq0KxLET3AuxjnxgBX7Z_BrASW_qqZJMDDSjlKwM7RS-FUKpPKCcFrSCIsaPp9b7gaVJOlUuKQJ2BiOQg8YVlmEn63IShqmd854DK4_xbJQX7vfLNKVrmeUj0dUJ6dzK3yWGu-SYg/w640-h188/Cept%20Greece.png" title="Cept Greece" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgPGjJoywaQT4kEOJv9CocmIwP2qLcVPyNrBEBNE1OSj0bIiVGiPNxeyqQofq1WIJJIrNWlYNqncrzjEyCgPF-d2ch4BBWljP6KEZ7h5CgBePkIXA6q9Mp3LP53XDzdmE_ZoAymKorA7C7uFsxGEoBlTfwsdASbG-O8O-ffOPtFq8EFXqpLw/s2048/Europa%20Cept.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Europa Cept Yugoslavia sheets" border="0" data-original-height="2048" data-original-width="1536" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgPGjJoywaQT4kEOJv9CocmIwP2qLcVPyNrBEBNE1OSj0bIiVGiPNxeyqQofq1WIJJIrNWlYNqncrzjEyCgPF-d2ch4BBWljP6KEZ7h5CgBePkIXA6q9Mp3LP53XDzdmE_ZoAymKorA7C7uFsxGEoBlTfwsdASbG-O8O-ffOPtFq8EFXqpLw/w480-h640/Europa%20Cept.jpg" title="Europa Cept Yugoslavia sheets" width="480" /></a></div><br /><p><b>Netherlands Booklets</b></p><p>The Tintin (Kuifje) one is my favorite</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr6dthxaMNXVWpEngo7bKUwzA73d7o_PkasRRt5907qk_qwZ2nDLjwn7YnzUmOS9VCP9p5vRcLw4Q1MPY4V3aTCWParklo41A9-bWHU23MLSzU_LZYIB-gIPkV0f_7Xr9l5HekQjGntK2ftWOPcwVW6bNGlxYzrdZsVxYJix3mKico0HQV3A/s2048/Netherlands%20Booklets.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands Booklets" border="0" data-original-height="1686" data-original-width="2048" height="526" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhr6dthxaMNXVWpEngo7bKUwzA73d7o_PkasRRt5907qk_qwZ2nDLjwn7YnzUmOS9VCP9p5vRcLw4Q1MPY4V3aTCWParklo41A9-bWHU23MLSzU_LZYIB-gIPkV0f_7Xr9l5HekQjGntK2ftWOPcwVW6bNGlxYzrdZsVxYJix3mKico0HQV3A/w640-h526/Netherlands%20Booklets.jpg" title="Netherlands Booklets" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><b>France 1949, centenary of French stamps</b></p><p>Scott number 626</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJjPPY4aRYMztxO42z5hSW0hVOImS7TTf0ccJlMeUSCnKivC1VMLDilwXqjTinziuUZENHbAjd8hv4jy7P0w6eF7nukDUOuUiedGilwYaTWzLoBPf3tz39q7VHgcoYa-syYEdiRogZIoRbBRgCvzD0SCb2N8NEYqX1KUD2lTXEqbun7sEW5Q/s4032/France%201949%20Centenary%20Ceres%20Scott%20624.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France 1949 Centenary Ceres Scott 624" border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJjPPY4aRYMztxO42z5hSW0hVOImS7TTf0ccJlMeUSCnKivC1VMLDilwXqjTinziuUZENHbAjd8hv4jy7P0w6eF7nukDUOuUiedGilwYaTWzLoBPf3tz39q7VHgcoYa-syYEdiRogZIoRbBRgCvzD0SCb2N8NEYqX1KUD2lTXEqbun7sEW5Q/w480-h640/France%201949%20Centenary%20Ceres%20Scott%20624.jpg" title="France 1949 Centenary Ceres Scott 624" width="480" /></a></div><br /><p><b>Netherlands William III 1913 5 Guilder</b></p><p>Just missing the 10 guilder from this set now :-)</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8WJ2kyW8lg3pCfTDbEMYOfrVpoTvbeobHgnx2NOC4vqe7KyO43TcFkDDExd7cCKfMak0_TvrLEJmLUNDYsEv5JBbLvBzyesDBnpxd_ACm7Lwic1DarDJfjXKQq6dvVk7O-oOtsAOJsirW9Y3O486pEZkt9Z5aox41oEaZe6rjW-E82tCLew/s4032/Netherlands%20William%20III%201913%205%20Guilder.jpeg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands William III 1913 5 Guilder" border="0" data-original-height="4032" data-original-width="3024" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8WJ2kyW8lg3pCfTDbEMYOfrVpoTvbeobHgnx2NOC4vqe7KyO43TcFkDDExd7cCKfMak0_TvrLEJmLUNDYsEv5JBbLvBzyesDBnpxd_ACm7Lwic1DarDJfjXKQq6dvVk7O-oOtsAOJsirW9Y3O486pEZkt9Z5aox41oEaZe6rjW-E82tCLew/w480-h640/Netherlands%20William%20III%201913%205%20Guilder.jpeg" title="Netherlands William III 1913 5 Guilder" width="480" /></a></div><br /><p><b>Franz Joseph stamps from Austria</b></p><p>I already have a bunch of these but I need to check the various types as well as the numerous perforations that exist for these stamps (always a pain in the neck :-) )</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBSyxSC2IPTRPdkzjcs0gvDr_zj7egccQ93Uvkj3BJVQ6Q8m4s578aUMJ0jlUVlp8iZbDzLPQW29bDIuV1kZJ_CrF942U6ZjJwKTVUGv3wpMNoKsXaKttUKwoZjKvM-H9gbH_M68oeCT90YDBq-j5-xSM8V8rG2wcN1z6hoAux60TUEk6RZQ/s4030/Austria%20Franz%20Joseph%20to%20check%20types%20and%20perforations.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria Franz Joseph to check types and perforations" border="0" data-original-height="2610" data-original-width="4030" height="414" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhBSyxSC2IPTRPdkzjcs0gvDr_zj7egccQ93Uvkj3BJVQ6Q8m4s578aUMJ0jlUVlp8iZbDzLPQW29bDIuV1kZJ_CrF942U6ZjJwKTVUGv3wpMNoKsXaKttUKwoZjKvM-H9gbH_M68oeCT90YDBq-j5-xSM8V8rG2wcN1z6hoAux60TUEk6RZQ/w640-h414/Austria%20Franz%20Joseph%20to%20check%20types%20and%20perforations.jpeg" title="Austria Franz Joseph to check types and perforations" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-32015646635584522092022-08-12T07:29:00.007-07:002022-08-22T07:34:58.369-07:00Added to my collection August 2022<p>This will just be a post with all the stamps that I added to my collections in August 2022</p><p><br /></p><p>August 1</p><p><b>Bavaria 1911 Prince Regent Luitpold Scott 86/91</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-0BAk7jAcZvLvV9vTr-1XxgeEZ9PTLC00e4nWFRzDM7wMU-seIjs60vtitukh7yyeVUe5EUuis6FEmLiQGgZq9X53FMxoa0TH7LTMIhNJsLwqecD8HEc5oviBBInF8tejcE1TqMPxF4F8mLbSxTmx0hflkfDev1bVmf4Uq2xx72y06ulesA/s3837/Bavaria%201911%20Prince%20Regent%20Luitpold%20Scott%2086_91.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Bavaria 1911 Prince Regent Luitpold Scott 86/91" border="0" data-original-height="2163" data-original-width="3837" height="360" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh-0BAk7jAcZvLvV9vTr-1XxgeEZ9PTLC00e4nWFRzDM7wMU-seIjs60vtitukh7yyeVUe5EUuis6FEmLiQGgZq9X53FMxoa0TH7LTMIhNJsLwqecD8HEc5oviBBInF8tejcE1TqMPxF4F8mLbSxTmx0hflkfDev1bVmf4Uq2xx72y06ulesA/w640-h360/Bavaria%201911%20Prince%20Regent%20Luitpold%20Scott%2086_91.jpg" title="Bavaria 1911 Prince Regent Luitpold Scott 86/91" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Finally I completed this series of stamps, Already had all the values up till the 1 Mark one earlier</p><p><br /></p><p>August 12</p><p><b>France Cover with Sc #33 - 20c Napoleon III, <strike>Rouen</strike> Rodez to Toulouse</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrn5zAsYYgg-FQgruhfRiT_iG_ERfbPI4DjmbN9tP907OOy3lCBKm01RD0Dzo3cPPdUejOxLgJb1-zBDYL8ZLN_IAjWxLJ59AgcLhRwK7yq9vhNGlSPK_trfO44Jrg-Rl3HLqX3W9KN00KhJWy09raCJMtHd2XL-0gb6YjIKtOkwmS5J9xJw/s1024/France%20Cover%20with%20Sc%20%2333%20-%2020c%20Napoleon,%20Rouen%20to%20Toulouse.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France Cover with Sc #33 - 20c Napoleon, Rouen to Toulouse" border="0" data-original-height="704" data-original-width="1024" height="440" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjrn5zAsYYgg-FQgruhfRiT_iG_ERfbPI4DjmbN9tP907OOy3lCBKm01RD0Dzo3cPPdUejOxLgJb1-zBDYL8ZLN_IAjWxLJ59AgcLhRwK7yq9vhNGlSPK_trfO44Jrg-Rl3HLqX3W9KN00KhJWy09raCJMtHd2XL-0gb6YjIKtOkwmS5J9xJw/w640-h440/France%20Cover%20with%20Sc%20%2333%20-%2020c%20Napoleon,%20Rouen%20to%20Toulouse.jpg" title="France Cover with Sc #33 - 20c Napoleon, Rouen to Toulouse" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>The seller who sold this to me listed this as Rousen, but it looks like it's from Rodez</p><p>You can find all the numbers (Gros Chiffres) for the towns here: <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_des_bureaux_de_poste_fran%C3%A7ais_class%C3%A9s_par_oblit%C3%A9ration_Gros_Chiffres">https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liste_des_bureaux_de_poste_fran%C3%A7ais_class%C3%A9s_par_oblit%C3%A9ration_Gros_Chiffres</a></p><p>I also got this comment from a twitter user: It is said, I don't know if it's true, that when a stamp bearing the effigy of Napoleon III was stuck upside down, it meant his disapproval of the political regime in place</p><p><br /></p><p><b>France 1856 Folded Letter Sc #15a - 20c Napoleon III St Etienne to Mulhouse</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTYq5rSR_LXCisccse9Km5Wz5zgoKXd8eN7ksMdJfA1-cplVIA0Vv5W3Twr4hDHGZlpAfyH9I3vTa_c3_p7SDXXE45dLbnuxcCRIlrL5B8iHlWWO_925MK2TaKm44MLdG3B5BOZd6jvmztCFzEAvX72_imr1nPDE4US7fI3RuHHONBI3aUWg/s1024/France%201856%20Folded%20Letter%20Sc%20%2315a%20-%2020c%20Napoleon%20St%20Etienne%20to%20Mulhouse.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France 1856 Folded Letter Sc #15a - 20c Napoleon St Etienne to Mulhouse" border="0" data-original-height="645" data-original-width="1024" height="404" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiTYq5rSR_LXCisccse9Km5Wz5zgoKXd8eN7ksMdJfA1-cplVIA0Vv5W3Twr4hDHGZlpAfyH9I3vTa_c3_p7SDXXE45dLbnuxcCRIlrL5B8iHlWWO_925MK2TaKm44MLdG3B5BOZd6jvmztCFzEAvX72_imr1nPDE4US7fI3RuHHONBI3aUWg/w640-h404/France%201856%20Folded%20Letter%20Sc%20%2315a%20-%2020c%20Napoleon%20St%20Etienne%20to%20Mulhouse.jpg" title="France 1856 Folded Letter Sc #15a - 20c Napoleon St Etienne to Mulhouse" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>I just love the Napoleon III stamps.... these are my second favorite French stamps, the first beong the Ceres stamps of course </p><p><br /></p><p>August 16</p><p><b>1952 British office abroad Tangier Scott 559/575</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg80JQoHmhxglW7e5wBmtYBWpehLqsk9JMuaB1GKHseJP_mJzBU387Ym2TWACUaOJIw9aGhh31PpVHrPPlK40YObJrT4hvdYaFaHVtKxVjLyxzUaheNKpCmTOu5jLhsan_tLsJGp-oCBQP48BS-XItMeSW-6tAw_6-wAfMPWHAYPz6CXs0lSw/s2965/1952%20British%20office%20abroad%20Tangier%20Scott%20559_575.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="1952 British office abroad Tangier Scott 559/575" border="0" data-original-height="2757" data-original-width="2965" height="596" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg80JQoHmhxglW7e5wBmtYBWpehLqsk9JMuaB1GKHseJP_mJzBU387Ym2TWACUaOJIw9aGhh31PpVHrPPlK40YObJrT4hvdYaFaHVtKxVjLyxzUaheNKpCmTOu5jLhsan_tLsJGp-oCBQP48BS-XItMeSW-6tAw_6-wAfMPWHAYPz6CXs0lSw/w640-h596/1952%20British%20office%20abroad%20Tangier%20Scott%20559_575.jpg" title="1952 British office abroad Tangier Scott 559/575" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p>Swapped some German Reich stamps for this set, this will go into my overprints/surcharges collection</p><p><br /></p><p>August 21</p><p><b>Germany 1936 Olympic Summer Games Scott B82-B89, Michel 609-616</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhR8iAhFavxx3RsYVwyFJUmzof8Qv_hlBSWprFIl775a9GO-cl5du9nm5bfHnPa_ukUw20xHQ2-OcOdli354z9mJx5qf_4TponbYvHLaK2QUVPnICB5ZjCN6_vDQxhDQ4oKt-SnU2PQUAPfbVm1k5rdlXnJ3nlkdZ3i1Xsb8w9jrx4xnoCpyA/s1600/Germany%201936%20Olympic%20Sumer%20Games%20Scott%20B82-B89,%20Michel%20609-616.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany 1936 Olympic Sumer Games Scott B82-B89, Michel 609-616" border="0" data-original-height="1336" data-original-width="1600" height="534" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhR8iAhFavxx3RsYVwyFJUmzof8Qv_hlBSWprFIl775a9GO-cl5du9nm5bfHnPa_ukUw20xHQ2-OcOdli354z9mJx5qf_4TponbYvHLaK2QUVPnICB5ZjCN6_vDQxhDQ4oKt-SnU2PQUAPfbVm1k5rdlXnJ3nlkdZ3i1Xsb8w9jrx4xnoCpyA/w640-h534/Germany%201936%20Olympic%20Sumer%20Games%20Scott%20B82-B89,%20Michel%20609-616.jpg" title="Germany 1936 Olympic Sumer Games Scott B82-B89, Michel 609-616" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-21035011760971671832022-07-08T06:06:00.005-07:002022-07-21T11:04:56.675-07:00Added to collection July 2022<p> This will just be a post with all the stamps that I added to my collections in July 2022</p><p><br /></p><p>July 2</p><p><b>Lombardy and Venice 1850 Scott #3</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj4hP1pSwUePaIwpsELIuFnH4SRJJ1iK3Fa64_mNZn3J3zulaksMepEiDxJcYok4MsMFuUGryyHz5_GkMrqxJJzeo8gMIgjsXlzjMTtzXHQKguHEIWomv3DTLJIG3A9oq-w8clxSrgXYYkUrBW-eXe4x83_5JBSPgSStvGVdzXU48CsgtSbOg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Lombardy and Venice 1850 Scott #3" data-original-height="630" data-original-width="525" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEj4hP1pSwUePaIwpsELIuFnH4SRJJ1iK3Fa64_mNZn3J3zulaksMepEiDxJcYok4MsMFuUGryyHz5_GkMrqxJJzeo8gMIgjsXlzjMTtzXHQKguHEIWomv3DTLJIG3A9oq-w8clxSrgXYYkUrBW-eXe4x83_5JBSPgSStvGVdzXU48CsgtSbOg=w533-h640" title="Lombardy and Venice 1850 Scott #3" width="533" /></a></div><br />For some reason Scott skips number 2... maybe things shifted around because there was a 60c blue stamp, however this one was never issued. Either way.. just missing number 1 now from this set<p></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Austria 1935 Scott B118/B121</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiFCJxf7L_99VyKuWPDHKLMxXkGL2tNMlXE-0XYMmQ3lVAPqxlcd_9ZWaSRAR_Sdmpf5r4_WiS5bypzb2NsBi0uRmAcEhUMZm9qJRwFZzMFVlSxaRFOe7mj2s0gVKITAXYnZKyU6T5eWIKp3PmQv67-tMGTH0k_zZGVSaZJWobL0G6My2HDFQ" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria 1935 Scott B118/B121" data-original-height="1226" data-original-width="1129" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEiFCJxf7L_99VyKuWPDHKLMxXkGL2tNMlXE-0XYMmQ3lVAPqxlcd_9ZWaSRAR_Sdmpf5r4_WiS5bypzb2NsBi0uRmAcEhUMZm9qJRwFZzMFVlSxaRFOe7mj2s0gVKITAXYnZKyU6T5eWIKp3PmQv67-tMGTH0k_zZGVSaZJWobL0G6My2HDFQ=w589-h640" title="Austria 1935 Scott B118/B121" width="589" /></a></div><p><br /></p>This is listed in the Michel catalog as number 613/616, did I tell you how I hate that Scott separates the semi-postals? It is very annoying, especially when you have a set where 4 stamps are postage and 1 is semi postal (Olympic set from Germany comes to mind)<p></p><p>I always loved this set and Now I have added it to my collection</p><p><br /></p><p>July 7</p><p><b>Japan Moonin stamps</b></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhIFpEdmr1-TIwfdfN03hDTPLQQAnXtDYbk8S5bVcERYr6Ce8OLmNceR3od-aL6pvJzwRtXAbLnz3_6ahY1KmyoqnXMK8CyLD550bnnrtMW6b-4yJR2ljBhcqsz4jraWE26bPzfiF5J8chiY2s7EN3bKv3qmBBgmeRd9tAlaiSIBIppdFIVCw" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Japan Moonin stamps" data-original-height="630" data-original-width="604" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/a/AVvXsEhIFpEdmr1-TIwfdfN03hDTPLQQAnXtDYbk8S5bVcERYr6Ce8OLmNceR3od-aL6pvJzwRtXAbLnz3_6ahY1KmyoqnXMK8CyLD550bnnrtMW6b-4yJR2ljBhcqsz4jraWE26bPzfiF5J8chiY2s7EN3bKv3qmBBgmeRd9tAlaiSIBIppdFIVCw=w613-h640" title="Japan Moonin stamps" width="613" /></a></div><br /><br /><p></p><p>I got these as a swap with someone from the UK, I thought they looked cute so I got them. Don't have too many Japanese stamps but I am working on changing that :-)</p><p>Don't know the year or catalog numbers for these</p><p><br /></p><p>July 21</p><p><b>Japan 1929 Airmail C3/C7</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgphNEXFXV4qpUnw0xHeaOWDv7Rw-NIvPFGk3BlzhLUMQvqSyW5hqLtX1IWnagD800eeQPVClRVatejl_-Ls5ANai2bf70wQpHgPQaMGSOcANAh1wM1pnvtbw2jA7V_zc-onIN_bC5-hTWV-6TkWqO-60vf_p-WJC-_L92xPDtr4re6sdcE8Q/s3659/Japan%201929%20C3_C7%20Airmail.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Japan 1929 Airmail C3/C7" border="0" data-original-height="2519" data-original-width="3659" height="440" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgphNEXFXV4qpUnw0xHeaOWDv7Rw-NIvPFGk3BlzhLUMQvqSyW5hqLtX1IWnagD800eeQPVClRVatejl_-Ls5ANai2bf70wQpHgPQaMGSOcANAh1wM1pnvtbw2jA7V_zc-onIN_bC5-hTWV-6TkWqO-60vf_p-WJC-_L92xPDtr4re6sdcE8Q/w640-h440/Japan%201929%20C3_C7%20Airmail.jpg" title="Japan 1929 Airmail C3/C7" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><b>Japan 1937 Semi-postals B1/B3</b></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ1BIIyWqLkYKaIZ-mBqAx8DPgm9HB4PlLnL8MDo31aAK1RT12AUzEI7jiqVmEK8tme5DT5ay9l1rCJN6h-BvFrddUnXs7L3W5_kpUXR-Te5-ivig-l0q7cmYcwX9bRgmR32Q-bzhk79JFIgKqOrS_-IU8oAxJawnsqJ6tSo9UnsTkaFt9Xw/s1239/Japan%20Semi.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Japan 1937 Semi-postals B1/B3" border="0" data-original-height="604" data-original-width="1239" height="312" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJ1BIIyWqLkYKaIZ-mBqAx8DPgm9HB4PlLnL8MDo31aAK1RT12AUzEI7jiqVmEK8tme5DT5ay9l1rCJN6h-BvFrddUnXs7L3W5_kpUXR-Te5-ivig-l0q7cmYcwX9bRgmR32Q-bzhk79JFIgKqOrS_-IU8oAxJawnsqJ6tSo9UnsTkaFt9Xw/w640-h312/Japan%20Semi.jpg" title="Japan 1937 Semi-postals B1/B3" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p>Will update this post once I get more stamps in July</p><p><br /></p><p><br /><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-44915228459624199032021-08-18T08:27:00.000-07:002021-08-18T08:27:06.111-07:00Nobel laureates 1905: Philipp Lenard, Adolf von Baeyer, Robert Koch, Henryk Sienkiewicz, Bertha von Suttner<p>The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: Nobelpriset, Norwegian: Nobelprisen) are prizes awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institutet, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. They were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for contributions to the field of economics. Each recipient, or "laureate", receives a gold medal, a diploma, and a sum of money, which is decided annually by the Nobel Foundation</p><p>Here is a list of 1905 Nobel laureates </p><p><br /></p><b>Physics: Philipp Lenard, Slovak-German physicist and academic</b><div><br /></div><div><div>Philipp Eduard Anton von Lenard (7 June 1862– 20 May 1947) was a Hungarian-born German physicist and the winner of the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1905 for his work on cathode rays and the discovery of many of their properties. One of his most important contributions was the experimental realization of the photoelectric effect. He discovered that the energy (speed) of the electrons ejected from a cathode depends only on the wavelength, and not the intensity, of the incident light.</div><div><br /></div><div>Lenard was a nationalist and anti-Semite; as an active proponent of the Nazi ideology, he supported Adolf Hitler in the 1920s and was an important role model for the "Deutsche Physik" movement during the Nazi period. Notably, he labeled Albert Einstein's contributions to science as "Jewish physics".</div><div><br /></div><div>As a physicist, Lenard's major contributions were in the study of cathode rays, which he began in 1888. Prior to his work, cathode rays were produced in primitive, partially evacuated glass tubes that had metallic electrodes in them, across which a high voltage could be placed. Cathode rays were difficult to study using this arrangement, because they were inside sealed glass tubes, difficult to access, and because the rays were in the presence of air molecules. Lenard overcame these problems by devising a method of making small metallic windows in the glass that were thick enough to be able to withstand the pressure differences, but thin enough to allow passage of the rays. Having made a window for the rays, he could pass them out into the laboratory, or, alternatively, into another chamber that was completely evacuated. These windows have come to be known as Lenard windows. He was able to conveniently detect the rays and measure their intensity by means of paper sheets coated with phosphorescent materials.</div><div><br /></div><div>Lenard observed that the absorption of cathode rays was, to first order, proportional to the density of the material they were made to pass through. This appeared to contradict the idea that they were some sort of electromagnetic radiation. He also showed that the rays could pass through some inches of air of a normal density, and appeared to be scattered by it, implying that they must be particles that were even smaller than the molecules in air. He confirmed some of J. J. Thomson's work, which eventually arrived at the understanding that cathode rays were streams of negatively charged energetic particles. He called them quanta of electricity or for short quanta, after Helmholtz, while Thomson proposed the name corpuscles, but eventually electrons became the everyday term. In conjunction with his and other earlier experiments on the absorption of the rays in metals, the general realization that electrons were constituent parts of the atom enabled Lenard to claim correctly that for the most part atoms consist of empty space. He proposed that every atom consists of empty space and electrically neutral corpuscules called "dynamids", each consisting of an electron and an equal positive charge.</div><div><br /></div><div>As a result of his Crookes tube investigations, he showed that the rays produced by irradiating metals in a vacuum with ultraviolet light were similar in many respects to cathode rays. His most important observations were that the energy of the rays was independent of the light intensity, but was greater for shorter wavelengths of light.</div><div><br /></div><div>These latter observations were explained by Albert Einstein as a quantum effect. This theory predicted that the plot of the cathode ray energy versus the frequency would be a straight line with a slope equal to Planck's constant, h. This was shown to be the case some years later. The photo-electric quantum theory was the work cited when Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921. Suspicious of the general adulation of Einstein, Lenard became a prominent skeptic of relativity and of Einstein's theories generally; he did not, however, dispute Einstein's explanation of the photoelectric effect. Lenard grew extremely resentful of the credit accorded to Wilhelm Röntgen, who received the first Nobel Prize in physics in 1901, for the discovery of the X-ray, despite the fact that Röntgen was German and a non-Jew. Lenard wrote that he, not Roentgen, was the “mother of the X-rays,” since he had invented the apparatus used to produce them. Lenard likened Röntgen’s role to that of a “midwife” who merely assists with the birth.</div><div><br /></div><div>Lenard received the 1905 Nobel Prize for Physics in recognition of this work.</div></div><div><br /></div>Stamp issued by Guinea Bissau depicting Philipp Lenard<div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho5VGfggptffaLYsZZxVaTdQfoc2tZ5H7WQOkWX6WuZYZdyHIz18YJAFXP17la6Ewf9aBJ_oddVVMWOcJYLbFgC3HWcM9N7LbuQMLVo6HNY2QvRf2CZkukoqBr11JvC-_C_nDZ/s924/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Physics+Philipp+Lenard+Germany.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Physics Philipp Lenard Germany" border="0" data-original-height="924" data-original-width="885" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEho5VGfggptffaLYsZZxVaTdQfoc2tZ5H7WQOkWX6WuZYZdyHIz18YJAFXP17la6Ewf9aBJ_oddVVMWOcJYLbFgC3HWcM9N7LbuQMLVo6HNY2QvRf2CZkukoqBr11JvC-_C_nDZ/w306-h320/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Physics+Philipp+Lenard+Germany.jpg" title="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Physics Philipp Lenard Germany" width="306" /></a></div><br /><div><br /><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span></div><div><div><br /></div><div><b>Chemistry: Adolf von Baeyer, German chemist and academic</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><div>Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Adolf von Baeyer (31 October 1835 – 20 August 1917) was a German chemist who synthesized indigo and developed a nomenclature for cyclic compounds (that was subsequently extended and adopted as part of the IUPAC organic nomenclature). He was ennobled in the Kingdom of Bavaria in 1885 and was the 1905 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.</div><div><br /></div><div>Baeyer charted his own path into science early on, performing experiments on plant nutrition at his paternal grandfather's Müggelsheim farm as a boy; back in the confines of Berlin, he took to the test tubes with chemical experimentation starting at the age of nine. Three years later, he synthesized a previously unknown chemical compound -double carbonate of copper and sodium. On his 13th birthday, he initiated his lifework, buying a chunk of indigo worth two Thalers for his first dye experiments.</div><div><br /></div><div>When still a schoolboy, his chemistry teacher at the Friedrich Wilhelm Gymnasium appointed him as his assistant. After graduating from secondary school in 1853, he entered the Berlin University to study physics and mathematics. A stint in the Prussian army interrupted his study until 1856, when he returned to academia at the University of Heidelberg, intending to study chemistry under Robert Bunsen. After an argument with the renowned chemist, however, he changed his mentor to August Kekulé. He continued to collaborate with Kekule even after he returned to Berlin in 1858 for the completion of his doctorate on arsenic methyl chloride, or cacodylic chloride.</div><div><br /></div><div>After completing his doctorate, he followed Kekulé to the University of Ghent, when Kekulé became professor there. He became a lecturer at the Berlin Gewerbeinstitut (Royal Trade Academy [de]) in 1860 and a Professor at the University of Strasbourg in 1871. In 1875, he succeeded Justus von Liebig as Chemistry Professor at the University of Munich.</div><div><br /></div><div>Baeyer's chief achievements include the synthesis and description of the plant dye indigo, the discovery of the phthalein dyes, and the investigation of polyacetylenes, oxonium salts, nitroso compounds (1869) and uric acid derivatives (1860 and onwards) (including the discovery of barbituric acid (1864), the parent compound of the barbiturates). He was the first to propose the correct formula for indole in 1869, after publishing the first synthesis three years earlier. His contributions to theoretical chemistry include the 'strain' (Spannung) theory of triple bonds and strain theory in small carbon rings.</div><div><br /></div><div>In 1871 he discovered the synthesis of phenolphthalein by condensation of phthalic anhydride with two equivalents of phenol under acidic conditions (hence the name). That same year he was the first to obtain synthetic fluorescein, a fluorophore pigment which is similar to naturally occurring pyoverdin that is synthesized by microorganisms (e.g., by some fluorescent strains of Pseudomonas). Baeyer named his finding "resorcinphthalein" as he had synthesized it from phthalic anhydride and resorcinol. The term fluorescein would not start to be used until 1878.</div><div><br /></div><div>In 1872 he experimented with phenol and formaldehyde; the resinous product was a precursor for Leo Baekeland's later commercialization of Bakelite.</div><div><br /></div><div>In 1881 the Royal Society of London awarded Baeyer the Davy Medal for his work with indigo. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1884. In 1905 he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry "in recognition of his services in the advancement of organic chemistry and the chemical industry, through his work on organic dyes and hydroaromatic compounds", and he continued in full active work as one of the best-known teachers in the world of organic chemistry up to within a year of his death.</div></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div>Stamp issued by Guinea Bissau depicting Adolf von Baeyer<div><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><span style="background-color: white;"><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgceLBHt2tRKtexVfshkRlZZx9y8F1QoPdUKvSmImyNRs8Wj5_130-BbgdoT5LwPEdi6f7o_qkTOJGcWZ7PyNZuqM-_yfCzNUOdkGSDt7EirbWgmY3Nxcy_-cQmYeJyHlWRjOfs/s921/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Chemistry+Adolf+Von+Baeyer+Germany.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Chemistry Adolf Von Baeyer Germany" border="0" data-original-height="921" data-original-width="885" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgceLBHt2tRKtexVfshkRlZZx9y8F1QoPdUKvSmImyNRs8Wj5_130-BbgdoT5LwPEdi6f7o_qkTOJGcWZ7PyNZuqM-_yfCzNUOdkGSDt7EirbWgmY3Nxcy_-cQmYeJyHlWRjOfs/w307-h320/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Chemistry+Adolf+Von+Baeyer+Germany.jpg" title="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Chemistry Adolf Von Baeyer Germany" width="307" /></a></div><br /><span style="font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span></span></span></div><div><b><br /></b><br /><b>Physiology or Medicine: Robert Koch, </b><b>German physician and microbiologist</b><p>Heinrich Hermann Robert Koch (11 December 1843 – 27 May 1910) was a German physician and microbiologist. As one of the main founders of modern bacteriology, he identified the specific causative agents of tuberculosis, cholera, and anthrax and gave experimental support for the concept of infectious disease, which included experiments on humans and other animals. Koch created and improved laboratory technologies and techniques in the field of microbiology, and made key discoveries in public health. His research led to the creation of Koch's postulates, a series of four generalized principles linking specific microorganisms to specific diseases that remain today the "gold standard" in medical microbiology.<br /><br /><br />During his time as the government advisor with the Imperial Department of Health in Berlin in the 1880s, Robert Koch became interested in tuberculosis research. At the time, it was widely believed that tuberculosis was an inherited disease. However, Koch was convinced that the disease was caused by a bacterium and was infectious, and tested his four postulates using guinea pigs. Through these experiments, he found that his experiments with tuberculosis satisfied all four of his postulates. In 1882, he published his findings on tuberculosis, in which he reported the causative agent of the disease to be the slow-growing Mycobacterium tuberculosis.<br /><br />For his research on tuberculosis, Koch received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1905. The Robert Koch Institute is named in his honor.<br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZelFwDTXguNwF3mMSHmxS4i1zfh9sGeOE9El280COKF0LKYV60uhyphenhyphenCacPaA6wT_XM-cEf5T9lR5L2bWwbnY_yINsG01AdnYsAHboVXhsf_FnJo8S2F1KcIV3g7Pjzg1hhTucl/s1600/Belgium+Robert+Koch.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Belgium Robert Koch" border="0" data-original-height="691" data-original-width="951" height="232" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhZelFwDTXguNwF3mMSHmxS4i1zfh9sGeOE9El280COKF0LKYV60uhyphenhyphenCacPaA6wT_XM-cEf5T9lR5L2bWwbnY_yINsG01AdnYsAHboVXhsf_FnJo8S2F1KcIV3g7Pjzg1hhTucl/s320/Belgium+Robert+Koch.jpg" title="Belgium Robert Koch" width="320" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaGnyxsRHTiCzXmUxXsVcXko-16MglHIAn3829cVkACmP8yUKml492yz4bZ6hp5aZuYZmB4Tb_Gv6fKtT9K78djFFrOJ62Ht3795CjZz7IkkBwtzf7w2gn9xrRid-00OT04Uww/s1600/German+Reich+1944+Robert+Koch.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="German Reich 1944 Robert Koch" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="430" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiaGnyxsRHTiCzXmUxXsVcXko-16MglHIAn3829cVkACmP8yUKml492yz4bZ6hp5aZuYZmB4Tb_Gv6fKtT9K78djFFrOJ62Ht3795CjZz7IkkBwtzf7w2gn9xrRid-00OT04Uww/s320/German+Reich+1944+Robert+Koch.jpg" title="German Reich 1944 Robert Koch" width="275" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrVF3pQTHIdMXoRychNHnDVP5x08hF2Z517uyxjf9fCIVYst2NtW4VXWl4bstbFwrBXME5SCwOz2f0O3FR8BF-kEsc0ZoeYJ0rMSreMwUrHqAus7xb1UdtJrzE7dlDUp9-Zhki/s1600/Germany+1982+Robert+Koch.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany 1982 Robert Koch" border="0" data-original-height="261" data-original-width="423" height="197" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrVF3pQTHIdMXoRychNHnDVP5x08hF2Z517uyxjf9fCIVYst2NtW4VXWl4bstbFwrBXME5SCwOz2f0O3FR8BF-kEsc0ZoeYJ0rMSreMwUrHqAus7xb1UdtJrzE7dlDUp9-Zhki/s320/Germany+1982+Robert+Koch.jpg" title="Germany 1982 Robert Koch" width="320" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOUaxxn7p-NSo9yuaIjJzW9nsmZHv3m7IcQZaHXksE3vzLFst5_D69uxPzw1-yGiKCCtxfN-Mv2wpI8Yr8UJwql-gqjf9BX5Gomi0t2LWJ1vtsKnOP57mmIlUGqbYa3Zv_xCI7/s1600/Germany+Berlin+1960+Robert+Koch.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany Berlin 1960 Robert Koch" border="0" data-original-height="687" data-original-width="801" height="274" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjOUaxxn7p-NSo9yuaIjJzW9nsmZHv3m7IcQZaHXksE3vzLFst5_D69uxPzw1-yGiKCCtxfN-Mv2wpI8Yr8UJwql-gqjf9BX5Gomi0t2LWJ1vtsKnOP57mmIlUGqbYa3Zv_xCI7/s320/Germany+Berlin+1960+Robert+Koch.jpg" title="Germany Berlin 1960 Robert Koch" width="320" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkeheoJkggbSywbN_Tdj8JwLo1JpzUygb_7JrEhkPotjEEiHkBzTqITG59Fbxr7gTDgbQWTFd8BK4Ly2cdLysQki0m0c3ohtTS2dYtRpqJfEENxkcojVQLu-FOGVHsaeUcGSkZ/s1600/Hungary+-+1982+-+Robert+Koch+1843-1910+-+Scientist.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hungary Robert Koch" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="371" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkeheoJkggbSywbN_Tdj8JwLo1JpzUygb_7JrEhkPotjEEiHkBzTqITG59Fbxr7gTDgbQWTFd8BK4Ly2cdLysQki0m0c3ohtTS2dYtRpqJfEENxkcojVQLu-FOGVHsaeUcGSkZ/s320/Hungary+-+1982+-+Robert+Koch+1843-1910+-+Scientist.jpg" title="Hungary Robert Koch" width="237" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPqiiu38P_RTFnu84vU54o1-C5tiJRkYpnPfT0F_oYFJrotnWP8DSLK1uZafzqvqrUb2kfmwm3RWEZ4g3O2sRcTDv_bROnULRc4dY9FNi5IvRa1nC7AP3ZPPfrqUzIBXSVlNsA/s1600/Russia+1961+German+microbiologist+Robert+Koch.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Russia Robert Koch" border="0" data-original-height="421" data-original-width="325" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPqiiu38P_RTFnu84vU54o1-C5tiJRkYpnPfT0F_oYFJrotnWP8DSLK1uZafzqvqrUb2kfmwm3RWEZ4g3O2sRcTDv_bROnULRc4dY9FNi5IvRa1nC7AP3ZPPfrqUzIBXSVlNsA/s320/Russia+1961+German+microbiologist+Robert+Koch.jpg" title="Russia Robert Koch" width="247" /></a></div><div><br /></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /><br /></div><b>Literature: Henryk Sienkiewicz, Polish journalist and author</b></div><div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span><b><br /></b></span></span></div><div><b></b><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span><div>Henryk Adam Aleksander Pius Sienkiewicz (5 May 1846 – 15 November 1916), also known by the pseudonym Litwos, was a Polish journalist, novelist and Nobel Prize laureate. He is best remembered for his historical novels, especially for his internationally known best-seller Quo Vadis (1896).</div><div><br /></div><div>Born into an impoverished Polish noble family in Russian-ruled Congress Poland, in the late 1860s he began publishing journalistic and literary pieces. In the late 1870s he traveled to the United States, sending back travel essays that won him popularity with Polish readers. In the 1880s he began serializing novels that further increased his popularity. He soon became one of the most popular Polish writers of the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, and numerous translations gained him international renown, culminating in his receipt of the 1905 Nobel Prize in Literature for his "outstanding merits as an epic writer."</div><div><br /></div></span></span><div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span>Many of his novels remain in print. In Poland he is best known for his "Trilogy" of historical novels – With Fire and Sword, The Deluge, and Sir Michael – set in the 17th-century Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth; internationally he is best known for Quo Vadis, set in Nero's Rome. The Trilogy and Quo Vadis have been filmed, the latter several times, with Hollywood's 1951 version receiving the most international recognition.</span></span><br /><br />Polish stamps depicting Henryk Sienkiewicz</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMf1VQKal4ThXcyNo1G5A9pRjHZsizOcsAPyeE3Dn5IdH2Af-cTnns4wDmrkncbxewRxmb095Ri2NnVmOqc9deu7EtkkvOdvqFNbLNtRqW8DX8dTTEjP2LIK2OVta8VGmnyXHQ/s500/Poland+1928+Henryk+Sienkiewicz.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Poland 1928 Henryk Sienkiewicz" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="428" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhMf1VQKal4ThXcyNo1G5A9pRjHZsizOcsAPyeE3Dn5IdH2Af-cTnns4wDmrkncbxewRxmb095Ri2NnVmOqc9deu7EtkkvOdvqFNbLNtRqW8DX8dTTEjP2LIK2OVta8VGmnyXHQ/w274-h320/Poland+1928+Henryk+Sienkiewicz.jpg" title="Poland 1928 Henryk Sienkiewicz" width="274" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6WJyFAl0X5znNa7OT4B20Beks6G4Md7ZJi4VW_7FuKz4-hlF964uBVphMFWMkd2P0cnQFiMz8SMH76M3T5M-9RdfqyZ_B57J7oT1GoIPCBCt4Y0pzwaZfaPO6xS5vU-415pCk/s500/Poland+1987+MNH%252C+Henryk+Sienkiewicz%252C+Polish+novelist%252C+Nobel+in+Literature.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Poland 1987 MNH, Henryk Sienkiewicz, Polish novelist, Nobel in Literature" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="374" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh6WJyFAl0X5znNa7OT4B20Beks6G4Md7ZJi4VW_7FuKz4-hlF964uBVphMFWMkd2P0cnQFiMz8SMH76M3T5M-9RdfqyZ_B57J7oT1GoIPCBCt4Y0pzwaZfaPO6xS5vU-415pCk/w299-h400/Poland+1987+MNH%252C+Henryk+Sienkiewicz%252C+Polish+novelist%252C+Nobel+in+Literature.jpg" title="Poland 1987 MNH, Henryk Sienkiewicz, Polish novelist, Nobel in Literature" width="299" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><b>Peace: </b><b>Bertha von Suttner, Austrian journalist and author, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1843)</b></div><p>Bertha Felicitas Sophie Freifrau von Suttner (9 June 1843 – 21 June 1914) was an Austrian-Bohemian pacifist and novelist. In 1905, she became the second female Nobel laureate (after Marie Curie in 1903), the first woman to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize, and the first Austrian laureate.<br /><br />In 1889 Suttner became a leading figure in the peace movement with the publication of her pacifist novel, Die Waffen nieder! (Lay Down Your Arms!), which made her one of the leading figures of the Austrian peace movement. The book was published in 37 editions and translated into 12 languages. She witnessed the foundation of the Inter-Parliamentary Union and called for the establishment of the Austrian Gesellschaft der Friedensfreunde pacifist organisation in an 1891 Neue Freie Presse editorial. Suttner became chairwoman and also founded the German Peace Society the next year. She became known internationally as the editor of the international pacifist journal Die Waffen nieder!, named after her book, from 1892 to 1899. In 1897 she presented Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria with a list of signatures urging the establishment of an International Court of Justice and took part in the First Hague Convention in 1899 with the help of Theodor Herzl, who paid for her trip as a correspondent of the Zionist newspaper, Die Welt.<br /><br />Upon her husband's death in 1902, Suttner had to sell Harmannsdorf Castle and moved back to Vienna. In 1904 she addressed the International Congress of Women in Berlin and for seven months travelled around the United States, attending a universal peace congress in Boston and meeting President Theodore Roosevelt.<br /><br />Though her personal contact with Alfred Nobel had been brief, she corresponded with him until his death in 1896, and it is believed that she was a major influence on his decision to include a peace prize among those prizes provided in his will, which she was awarded in the fifth term on 10 December 1905. The presentation took place on 18 April 1906 in Kristiania.<br /><br />German and Austrian stamps depicting Bertha von Suttner<br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKQCuwbgM1wdFGOTeZXMtKnaMNeeDqakAJJlXNfEE7_sKGi7xAu2z8DUV1inXHt80aCBW71WqgZb69zJj7-QClJ-VBKKdPEhyJ-A7ZP54xKG2erMDFMPYrvhct1F3dWjfISi2r/s1600/Germany+Women+200+PF+Bertha+von+Suttner.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany Women 200 PF Bertha von Suttner" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="430" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjKQCuwbgM1wdFGOTeZXMtKnaMNeeDqakAJJlXNfEE7_sKGi7xAu2z8DUV1inXHt80aCBW71WqgZb69zJj7-QClJ-VBKKdPEhyJ-A7ZP54xKG2erMDFMPYrvhct1F3dWjfISi2r/s320/Germany+Women+200+PF+Bertha+von+Suttner.jpg" title="Germany Women 200 PF Bertha von Suttner" width="275" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9VJpUizhzx7Cbx7D866qIZiihGyLpoB0GMC6TdU8580tu0kEWLIyxujGaaar39TdoPSyE2Nhire_OUUpvSuRmokuYp0-An27204sXho2zaafw_lHow2I45Ougmks9dcH8Yz_Z/s1600/Austria+1965%252C+60th+anniv+Nobel+Prize+Bertha+von+Suttner.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria 1965, 60th anniv Nobel Prize Bertha von Suttner" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="399" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg9VJpUizhzx7Cbx7D866qIZiihGyLpoB0GMC6TdU8580tu0kEWLIyxujGaaar39TdoPSyE2Nhire_OUUpvSuRmokuYp0-An27204sXho2zaafw_lHow2I45Ougmks9dcH8Yz_Z/s320/Austria+1965%252C+60th+anniv+Nobel+Prize+Bertha+von+Suttner.jpg" title="Austria 1965, 60th anniv Nobel Prize Bertha von Suttner" width="255" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYIxGrRE_cCIykTP9VLeK4hiNfkDbw8pqgnMiAJtd6T1rbYuzHq98pceBnAldjH9292sYPzVgOORHINK0f4jaAOmmVsmNoqjv2iaqcYoT9sPYLknUM_V0IQCiwelV4VboTczo1/s1600/Austria+2009+Bertha+von+Suttner+Novelist+Nobel+Price+Winner+Sheet.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria 2009 Bertha von Suttner Novelist Nobel Price Winner Sheet." border="0" data-original-height="966" data-original-width="1600" height="386" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYIxGrRE_cCIykTP9VLeK4hiNfkDbw8pqgnMiAJtd6T1rbYuzHq98pceBnAldjH9292sYPzVgOORHINK0f4jaAOmmVsmNoqjv2iaqcYoT9sPYLknUM_V0IQCiwelV4VboTczo1/s640/Austria+2009+Bertha+von+Suttner+Novelist+Nobel+Price+Winner+Sheet.jpg" title="Austria 2009 Bertha von Suttner Novelist Nobel Price Winner Sheet." width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><p><br /></p></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-44006614135792768522021-08-11T06:38:00.000-07:002021-08-11T06:38:27.498-07:00Nobel laureates 1904: Lord Rayleigh, William Ramsay, Ivan Pavlov, Frédéric Mistral, José Echegaray, Institut de Droit International<p> The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: Nobelpriset, Norwegian: Nobelprisen) are prizes awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institutet, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. They were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for contributions to the field of economics. Each recipient, or "laureate", receives a gold medal, a diploma, and a sum of money, which is decided annually by the Nobel Foundation</p><p>Here is a list of 1904 Nobel laureates </p><p><br /></p><br /><br /><b>Physics: Lord Rayleigh, John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, English physicist and academic</b><div><b><br /></b></div><div><div>John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh(12 November 1842 – 30 June 1919), was a British scientist who made extensive contributions to both theoretical and experimental physics. He spent all of his academic career at the University of Cambridge. Among many honors, he received the 1904 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies." He served as President of the Royal Society from 1905 to 1908 and as Chancellor of the University of Cambridge from 1908 to 1919.</div><div><br /></div><div>Rayleigh provided the first theoretical treatment of the elastic scattering of light by particles much smaller than the light's wavelength, a phenomenon now known as "Rayleigh scattering", which notably explains why the sky is blue. He studied and described transverse surface waves in solids, now known as "Rayleigh waves". He contributed extensively to fluid dynamics, with concepts such as the Rayleigh number (a dimensionless number associated with natural convection), Rayleigh flow, the Rayleigh–Taylor instability, and Rayleigh's criterion for the stability of Taylor–Couette flow. He also formulated the circulation theory of aerodynamic lift. In optics, Rayleigh proposed a well known criterion for angular resolution. His derivation of the Rayleigh–Jeans law for classical black-body radiation later played an important role in the birth of quantum mechanics (see Ultraviolet catastrophe). Rayleigh's textbook The Theory of Sound (1877) is still used today by acousticians and engineers.</div><div><br /></div><div>Stamp issued by Guinea Bissau depicting Lord Rayleigh</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizA3zUjLnkdPuEezkXTSJarJtDTjUGq_LWuX6N10y95vDd43V6rvph0m6-oQtGOcazDNUc1kMkx-QaKeULhaWuigPUNcNMPnOH-tO7IVdm9UYELt3kexqj8ych22GYocKdJre3/s922/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Physics+John+William+Strutt+Rayleigh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Physics John William Strutt Rayleigh" border="0" data-original-height="922" data-original-width="888" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizA3zUjLnkdPuEezkXTSJarJtDTjUGq_LWuX6N10y95vDd43V6rvph0m6-oQtGOcazDNUc1kMkx-QaKeULhaWuigPUNcNMPnOH-tO7IVdm9UYELt3kexqj8ych22GYocKdJre3/w308-h320/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Physics+John+William+Strutt+Rayleigh.jpg" title="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Physics John William Strutt Rayleigh" width="308" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><div><b>Chemistry: William Ramsay, Scottish-English chemist and academic</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>Sir William Ramsay (2 October 1852 – 23 July 1916) was a Scottish chemist who discovered the noble gases and received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1904 "in recognition of his services in the discovery of the inert gaseous elements in air" along with his collaborator, John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, who received the Nobel Prize in Physics that same year for their discovery of argon. After the two men identified argon, Ramsay investigated other atmospheric gases. His work in isolating argon, helium, neon, krypton and xenon led to the development of a new section of the periodic table.</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>Stamp issued by Guinea Bissau depicting William Ramsay</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIHfgmKT7MEuPFeeWpYcdkeSJ3iLop0aIKBZwiChHTlrnhYIzpbio7aLK7Uki2JX9UCYCEUi14otJCRrFcSj8ja9lPCe6u4Rg7HyUVYqfXH4pkpqrKQyGcDm2RNLS8c9ZT7ofL/s917/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Chemistry+Sir+William+Ramsay.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Chemistry Sir William Ramsay" border="0" data-original-height="917" data-original-width="885" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiIHfgmKT7MEuPFeeWpYcdkeSJ3iLop0aIKBZwiChHTlrnhYIzpbio7aLK7Uki2JX9UCYCEUi14otJCRrFcSj8ja9lPCe6u4Rg7HyUVYqfXH4pkpqrKQyGcDm2RNLS8c9ZT7ofL/w309-h320/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Chemistry+Sir+William+Ramsay.jpg" title="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Chemistry Sir William Ramsay" width="309" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b><br /></b><br /><b>Physiology or Medicine: Ivan Pavlov, Russian physiologist and physician</b><br /><br /><div>Ivan Petrovich Pavlov (Russian: Ива́н Петро́вич Па́влов; 26 September 1849 – 27 February 1936) was a Russian physiologist known primarily for his work in classical conditioning.</div><div><br /></div><div>From his childhood days Pavlov demonstrated intellectual curiosity along with an unusual energy which he referred to as "the instinct for research". Inspired by the progressive ideas which Dmitry Pisarev, a Russian literary critic of the 1860s, and Ivan Sechenov, the father of Russian physiology, were spreading, Pavlov abandoned his religious career and devoted his life to science. In 1870, he enrolled in the physics and mathematics department at the University of Saint Petersburg to study natural science.</div><div><br /></div><div>Pavlov won the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1904, becoming the first Russian Nobel laureate. A survey in the Review of General Psychology, published in 2002, ranked Pavlov as the 24th most cited psychologist of the 20th century. Pavlov's principles of classical conditioning have been found to operate across a variety of behavior therapies and in experimental and clinical settings, such as educational classrooms and even reducing phobias with systematic desensitization.</div><div><br /></div><div>Stamps from Hungary, Romania, Argentina and Russia depicting Ivan Pavlov</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJ0WNI7K5aezOFQo9DhdD1Oi1MIO8Cwe6M5dfvPkLdG-LJgP-GEOP6j4LrhJEFFTiP9IM11ncAWkjHKED3bXhM3FltKeEocUgV5hzya9r4ka1bIx9K0lSK-XCAXF9Gk43Q9z5a/s800/Argentina+Physiology+Congress+Ivan+Pavlov.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Argentina Physiology Congress Ivan Pavlov" border="0" data-original-height="800" data-original-width="583" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiJ0WNI7K5aezOFQo9DhdD1Oi1MIO8Cwe6M5dfvPkLdG-LJgP-GEOP6j4LrhJEFFTiP9IM11ncAWkjHKED3bXhM3FltKeEocUgV5hzya9r4ka1bIx9K0lSK-XCAXF9Gk43Q9z5a/w233-h320/Argentina+Physiology+Congress+Ivan+Pavlov.jpg" title="Argentina Physiology Congress Ivan Pavlov" width="233" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaFx11DJVRT0owwGIkpHmZGw_3dxPFBcC8-NcLQSZNXB7sKA_GwLoO_adY358I30seeKMVHsLb0rlkYrT7xvn41zfUszgBYEqlBrxUq9IS6RKc41Wxc2iGrnafnWGnlF6_tAhr/s461/Romania+1952+Ivan+Pavlov+Russian+physiologist.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Romania 1952 Ivan Pavlov Russian physiologist" border="0" data-original-height="461" data-original-width="385" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjaFx11DJVRT0owwGIkpHmZGw_3dxPFBcC8-NcLQSZNXB7sKA_GwLoO_adY358I30seeKMVHsLb0rlkYrT7xvn41zfUszgBYEqlBrxUq9IS6RKc41Wxc2iGrnafnWGnlF6_tAhr/w267-h320/Romania+1952+Ivan+Pavlov+Russian+physiologist.jpg" title="Romania 1952 Ivan Pavlov Russian physiologist" width="267" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW3lQVVYOlNt4-SngyDOo_npaVX7ZD-_9yfNz0IM7l9tnNWSdcPgQTqd6TQF4n5vXqfsvuim8QBHp453LeLyCt8mQfl5GrsKukpkmULmssc7LapsTHtVKVRT7fOwG_rFh8zmbQ/s915/Hungary+-+1989+-+Ivan+Petrovich+Pavlov+-+Medical+Pioneers.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Hungary - 1989 - Ivan Petrovich Pavlov - Medical Pioneers" border="0" data-original-height="915" data-original-width="625" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjW3lQVVYOlNt4-SngyDOo_npaVX7ZD-_9yfNz0IM7l9tnNWSdcPgQTqd6TQF4n5vXqfsvuim8QBHp453LeLyCt8mQfl5GrsKukpkmULmssc7LapsTHtVKVRT7fOwG_rFh8zmbQ/w219-h320/Hungary+-+1989+-+Ivan+Petrovich+Pavlov+-+Medical+Pioneers.jpg" title="Hungary - 1989 - Ivan Petrovich Pavlov - Medical Pioneers" width="219" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcDcKCHrubMSxGQ5m2tJVpRJw6kYvlrbdkZUcX3AWEi1Zzp5Vf_YAQE1xN3bIIPtNB3knIv2TRhAdR3JWhHWXnR4DKHXjbybD4jg_ln2WmRZ_puj7U7un8aBbrJ7cXipNXFUmw/s480/Russia+Ivan+Petrovich+Pavlov%252C+Physiologist%252C+1969.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Russia Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, Physiologist, 1969" border="0" data-original-height="480" data-original-width="335" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgcDcKCHrubMSxGQ5m2tJVpRJw6kYvlrbdkZUcX3AWEi1Zzp5Vf_YAQE1xN3bIIPtNB3knIv2TRhAdR3JWhHWXnR4DKHXjbybD4jg_ln2WmRZ_puj7U7un8aBbrJ7cXipNXFUmw/w223-h320/Russia+Ivan+Petrovich+Pavlov%252C+Physiologist%252C+1969.jpg" title="Russia Ivan Petrovich Pavlov, Physiologist, 1969" width="223" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgiTzHZWmhZ2qA5cPBmz5Ybju1OC66lPj0jZJTqoVZ5Eu5hSl4wsHaGsmesAHjtKnbDp0oDQ821NvgfH9VWeeRbUr3fmUSanJ2SGXwwIHodSHO8wt8MoGO5f6_7ygiPXlSx34o/s500/Ivan+P.+Pavlov+Nobel+Medicine+Winner%252C+Soviet+1991.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Ivan P. Pavlov Nobel Medicine Winner, Soviet 1991" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="360" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhgiTzHZWmhZ2qA5cPBmz5Ybju1OC66lPj0jZJTqoVZ5Eu5hSl4wsHaGsmesAHjtKnbDp0oDQ821NvgfH9VWeeRbUr3fmUSanJ2SGXwwIHodSHO8wt8MoGO5f6_7ygiPXlSx34o/w230-h320/Ivan+P.+Pavlov+Nobel+Medicine+Winner%252C+Soviet+1991.jpg" title="Ivan P. Pavlov Nobel Medicine Winner, Soviet 1991" width="230" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><b>Literature: Frédéric Mistral, </b><b>French lexicographer and poet</b></div><p>Frederic Mistral (Occitan: Josèp Estève Frederic Mistral, 8 September 1830 – 25 March 1914) was a French writer of Occitan literature and lexicographer of the Provençal form of the language. Mistral received the 1904 Nobel Prize in Literature "in recognition of the fresh originality and true inspiration of his poetic production, which faithfully reflects the natural scenery and native spirit of his people, and, in addition, his significant work as a Provençal philologist". He was a founding member of the Félibrige and a member of l'Académie de Marseille.</p><p>His name in his native language was Frederi Mistral (Mistrau) according to the Mistralian orthography or Frederic Mistral (or Mistrau) according to the classical orthography.</p><p>Mistral's fame was owing in part to Alphonse de Lamartine who sang his praises in the 40th edition of his periodical Cours familier de littérature, following the publication of Mistral's long poem Mirèio. Alphonse Daudet, with whom he maintained a long friendship, eulogized him in "Poet Mistral", one of the stories in his collection Letters from My Windmill (Lettres de mon moulin).</p><p>Stamps from France and Monaco depicting Frédéric Mistral</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiN4K5zWNxjCF9nQMwA5fwMUQwN4iNmiDmJJyuB2IUhG9ghhUAnUipOzth4w24ufITw65B17i0QmQr8vW_r3KPvVhoJ5J0tOeiZYAOCog2doDHndBZLk1IIIZfr_z_xjkRF66_/s402/France+1941+Frederic+Mistral.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France 1941 Frederic Mistral" border="0" data-original-height="402" data-original-width="337" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiN4K5zWNxjCF9nQMwA5fwMUQwN4iNmiDmJJyuB2IUhG9ghhUAnUipOzth4w24ufITw65B17i0QmQr8vW_r3KPvVhoJ5J0tOeiZYAOCog2doDHndBZLk1IIIZfr_z_xjkRF66_/w268-h320/France+1941+Frederic+Mistral.jpg" title="France 1941 Frederic Mistral" width="268" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtJBy5BqeikPF3PEiAZR9BXsAmbKVl1eIJ8X44sh1qfBEOt0svaT_7sq_KtIqgAV9H7emuQSf9CDmX7ZdwSqSWVBZC2FO1I2A1OMVLYCwEmiD_I-Zb1L0Wrr8l4MkeIgWRWbf1/s986/Monaco+1964+Frederic+Mistral.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Monaco 1964 Frederic Mistral" border="0" data-original-height="743" data-original-width="986" height="241" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgtJBy5BqeikPF3PEiAZR9BXsAmbKVl1eIJ8X44sh1qfBEOt0svaT_7sq_KtIqgAV9H7emuQSf9CDmX7ZdwSqSWVBZC2FO1I2A1OMVLYCwEmiD_I-Zb1L0Wrr8l4MkeIgWRWbf1/w320-h241/Monaco+1964+Frederic+Mistral.jpg" title="Monaco 1964 Frederic Mistral" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbyl3FREh4WnrLKtLzlzzSmWt5bUBAxrzVAw5wRmn99n3s0ftndYU3tULP9NVIkme5fi5PzN9Xf4Bz6eZWm41aZMKnhXfvu-W8CPmEaSLw4HCNwuXUGfhIY05jJVu0XjXV5_WB/s472/France+1980+Frederic+Mistral.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France 1980 Frederic Mistral" border="0" data-original-height="472" data-original-width="313" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbyl3FREh4WnrLKtLzlzzSmWt5bUBAxrzVAw5wRmn99n3s0ftndYU3tULP9NVIkme5fi5PzN9Xf4Bz6eZWm41aZMKnhXfvu-W8CPmEaSLw4HCNwuXUGfhIY05jJVu0XjXV5_WB/w212-h320/France+1980+Frederic+Mistral.jpg" title="France 1980 Frederic Mistral" width="212" /></a></div><div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span><b><br /></b></span></span></div><div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span><b><br /></b></span></span></div><div><b></b><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span><b>Literature: José Echegaray, Spanish engineer, mathematician, and playwright</b></span></span></div><div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span><b><br /></b></span></span></div><div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span><div>José Echegaray y Eizaguirre (19 April 1832 – 14 September 1916) was a Spanish civil engineer, mathematician, statesman, and one of the leading Spanish dramatists of the last quarter of the 19th century. He was awarded the 1904 Nobel Prize for Literature "in recognition of the numerous and brilliant compositions which, in an individual and original manner, have revived the great traditions of the Spanish drama".</div><div><br /></div><div>Theater had always been the love of José Echegaray's life. Although he had written earlier plays (La Hija natural and La Última Noche, both in 1867), he truly became a dramatist in 1874. His plays reflected his sense of duty, which had made him famous during his time in the governmental offices. Dilemmas centered on duty and morality are the motif of his plays. He replicated the achievements of his predecessors of the Spanish Golden Age, remaining a prolific playwright.</div><div><br /></div><div>His most famous play is El gran Galeoto, a drama written in the grand nineteenth century manner of melodrama. It is about the poisonous effect that unfounded gossip has on a middle-aged man's happiness. Echegaray filled it with elaborate stage instructions that illuminate what we would now consider a hammy style of acting popular in the 19th century. Paramount Pictures filmed it as a silent with the title changed to The World and His Wife, and it was the basis for a later film The Great Galeoto. His most remarkable plays are O locura o santidad (Saint or Madman?, 1877); Mariana (1892); El estigma (1895); La duda, 1898; and El loco Dios (God, the fool, 1900).</div><div><br /></div><div>Among his other famous plays are La esposa del vengador (1874) (The Avenger's Wife); En el puño de la espada (1875) (In the Sword's Handle); En el pilar y en la cruz (1878) (On the Stake and on the Cross); and Conflicto entre dos deberes (1882) (Conflict of Two Duties).</div><div><br /></div><div>Along with the Provençal poet Frédéric Mistral, he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1904, after having been nominated that year by a member of the Royal Spanish Academy, making him the first Spaniard to win the prize.</div><div><br /></div><div>José Echegaray maintained constant activity until his death on 14 September 1916 in Madrid. His extensive work did not stop growing in his old age: in the final stage of his life he wrote 25 or 30 mathematical physics volumes. At the age of 83 he commented:</div></span></span><blockquote><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span><div>I cannot die, because if I am going to write my mathematical physics encyclopedia, I need at least 25 more years.</div></span></span><p></p><p></p></blockquote><p>Swedish stamp depicting Echegaray </p><p><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkrC63W1DS2jMExmAA2taxcoihow87uPiEpegfOYO7KwT9dq8xHtkzAm1sYsgJwUGZxTOjWn07yZ7P-t_NEFju5mwWdyhVpYamNapPQvLh_sDdLjd1eZ6OcPIkTNmj_8ofQDKs/s500/Sweden+1964+MNH%252C+Nobel+Winners+Mistral%252C+Echegaray+Literature%252C+Rayleigh+Physics.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Sweden 1964 MNH, Nobel Winners Mistral, Echegaray Literature, Rayleigh Physics" border="0" data-original-height="390" data-original-width="500" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjkrC63W1DS2jMExmAA2taxcoihow87uPiEpegfOYO7KwT9dq8xHtkzAm1sYsgJwUGZxTOjWn07yZ7P-t_NEFju5mwWdyhVpYamNapPQvLh_sDdLjd1eZ6OcPIkTNmj_8ofQDKs/w320-h250/Sweden+1964+MNH%252C+Nobel+Winners+Mistral%252C+Echegaray+Literature%252C+Rayleigh+Physics.jpg" title="Sweden 1964 MNH, Nobel Winners Mistral, Echegaray Literature, Rayleigh Physics" width="320" /></a></span></div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><br /><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span></span><p></p><p><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span></span></p><p><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span></span></p><b>Peace: Institut de Droit International</b></div><div><b><br /></b>The Institute of International Law (French: Institut de Droit International) is an organization devoted to the study and development of international law, whose membership comprises the world's leading public international lawyers. The organization is generally considered the most authoritative world academy of international law[by whom?]. It was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1904.<br /><br /></div></div><div><b><br /></b></div><br /></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-76806599426931518052021-08-10T06:39:00.000-07:002021-08-10T06:39:02.510-07:00Nobel laureates 1903: Henri Becquerel, Marie Curie, Pierre Curie, Svante Arrhenius, Niels Ryberg Finsen, Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Randal Cremer<p> The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: Nobelpriset, Norwegian: Nobelprisen) are prizes awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institutet, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. They were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for contributions to the field of economics. Each recipient, or "laureate", receives a gold medal, a diploma, and a sum of money, which is decided annually by the Nobel Foundation</p><p>Here is a list of 1903 Nobel laureates </p><p><br /></p><b>Physics: Henri Becquerel, </b><b>French physicist and chemist</b><div><br /></div><div>Antoine Henri Becquerel (15 December 1852 – 25 August 1908) was a French engineer, physicist, scientist, Nobel laureate, and the first person to discover evidence of radioactivity. For work in this field he, along with Marie Skłodowska-Curie (Marie Curie) and Pierre Curie, received the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics. </div><div><br /></div><div>In 1889, Becquerel became a member of the Académie des Sciences. In 1900, Becquerel won the Rumford Medal for his discovery of the radioactivity of uranium and he was made an Officer of the Legion of Honour. The Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities awarded him the Helmholtz Medal in 1901. In 1903, Henri shared a Nobel Prize in Physics with Pierre Curie and Marie Curie for the discovery of spontaneous radioactivity. In 1905, he was awarded the Barnard Medal by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences. In 1906, Henri was elected Vice Chairman of the academy, and in 1908, the year of his death, Becquerel was elected Permanent Secretary of the Académie des Sciences. During his lifetime, Becquerel was honored with membership into the Accademia dei Lincei and the Royal Academy of Berlin. Becquerel was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1908. Becquerel has been honored with being the namesake of many different scientific discoveries. The SI unit for radioactivity, the becquerel (Bq), is named after him. There is a crater named Becquerel on the Moon and also a crater named Becquerel on Mars. The uranium-based mineral becquerelite was named after Henri. </div><div><br /></div><div>French stamp depicting Henri Becquerel</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjbNCa6LIYehUSIDDQQDrUclR5LACttitcpGUV0hLjcrUo3RnSHdLYLk_TATBLPPRPDVto5HJaA07cXoxR-f303KsiIGVo1fZZVERf_vw2hB43E63a1bCF_5sbG3SsRLHrUkck/s1012/France+Henri+Becquerel+nobel+prize+in+physics.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France Henri Becquerel nobel prize in physics" border="0" data-original-height="1012" data-original-width="678" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjbNCa6LIYehUSIDDQQDrUclR5LACttitcpGUV0hLjcrUo3RnSHdLYLk_TATBLPPRPDVto5HJaA07cXoxR-f303KsiIGVo1fZZVERf_vw2hB43E63a1bCF_5sbG3SsRLHrUkck/w214-h320/France+Henri+Becquerel+nobel+prize+in+physics.jpg" title="France Henri Becquerel nobel prize in physics" width="214" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b>Physics: </b><b>Marie Curie, Polish chemist and physicist, Nobel Prize laureate</b></div><div><div><br /></div><div>Marie Skłodowska Curie(born Maria Salomea Skłodowska; 7 November 1867 – 4 July 1934) was a Polish and naturalized-French physicist and chemist who conducted pioneering research on radioactivity. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, is the only woman to win the Nobel prize twice, and is the only person to win the Nobel Prize in two different scientific fields. She was part of the Curie family legacy of five Nobel Prizes. She was also the first woman to become a professor at the University of Paris, and in 1995 became the first woman to be entombed on her own merits in the Panthéon in Paris.</div><div><br /></div><div>She was born in Warsaw, in what was then the Kingdom of Poland, part of the Russian Empire. She studied at Warsaw's clandestine Flying University and began her practical scientific training in Warsaw. In 1891, aged 24, she followed her older sister Bronisława to study in Paris, where she earned her higher degrees and conducted her subsequent scientific work. She shared the 1903 Nobel Prize in Physics with her husband Pierre Curie and physicist Henri Becquerel. She won the 1911 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.</div><div><br /></div><div>Her achievements included the development of the theory of radioactivity (a term she coined), techniques for isolating radioactive isotopes, and the discovery of two elements, polonium and radium. Under her direction, the world's first studies were conducted into the treatment of neoplasms using radioactive isotopes. She founded the Curie Institutes in Paris and in Warsaw, which remain major centres of medical research today. During World War I she developed mobile radiography units to provide X-ray services to field hospitals.</div><div><br /></div><div>While a French citizen, Marie Skłodowska Curie, who used both surnames, never lost her sense of Polish identity. She taught her daughters the Polish language and took them on visits to Poland. She named the first chemical element she discovered polonium, after her native country.</div><div><br /></div><div>Marie Curie died in 1934, aged 66, at a sanatorium in Sancellemoz (Haute-Savoie), France, of aplastic anemia from exposure to radiation in the course of her scientific research and in the course of her radiological work at field hospitals during World War I</div></div><div><br /></div><div>Stamps from Monaco, France and Poland depicting Marie Curie</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbdQaEBj3cvOxHg1do1i8k-ZCZxK-SH8TUyPCYNPfIcgQbIIdpvtJthG2A9nyfLRGe4qUsYNa76nUMq8s-7H4ScTJ1bCyiYXkgxZ-JZZMaxlpip6u0I4DC4cn_2KcbOVkW_HYT/s1600/MONACO+1967+Marie+Curie%252C+Chemical+Apparatus.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="MONACO 1967 Marie Curie, Chemical Apparatus" border="0" data-original-height="700" data-original-width="1090" height="256" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbdQaEBj3cvOxHg1do1i8k-ZCZxK-SH8TUyPCYNPfIcgQbIIdpvtJthG2A9nyfLRGe4qUsYNa76nUMq8s-7H4ScTJ1bCyiYXkgxZ-JZZMaxlpip6u0I4DC4cn_2KcbOVkW_HYT/s400/MONACO+1967+Marie+Curie%252C+Chemical+Apparatus.jpg" title="MONACO 1967 Marie Curie, Chemical Apparatus" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBuRYV64mKBXzrKqaErpLmoyTuxh-izODGvh7EXI3OOII4DtestC2T37vO4l0oYEvSQ7cy3ZzCxC7xzYI_mOTnXUat9zZfOU1LV5a930GqTGecdlKyAv8Cq6XfjR9GeKIlaFhJ/s1600/France+-+1938++Marie+%2526+Pierre+Curie+Discovery+of+Radium.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France - 1938 Marie & Pierre Curie/Discovery of Radium" border="0" data-original-height="980" data-original-width="1475" height="265" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBuRYV64mKBXzrKqaErpLmoyTuxh-izODGvh7EXI3OOII4DtestC2T37vO4l0oYEvSQ7cy3ZzCxC7xzYI_mOTnXUat9zZfOU1LV5a930GqTGecdlKyAv8Cq6XfjR9GeKIlaFhJ/s400/France+-+1938++Marie+%2526+Pierre+Curie+Discovery+of+Radium.jpg" title="France - 1938 Marie & Pierre Curie/Discovery of Radium" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj4qBLjAohJUD91AJHscCeEMN0-X6aPVSvMmjtTcrGF3GldL_jSgWnna3abra0Ly95Qt_d6E_l463SN9img6w7FRUJ0oALWW779WQ8xwxGniCW5gjEFiDrq5hpCiPhkyp6DRBm/s1600/France+1967-+Scientist+-+Marie+Sklodowska-Curie.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France 1967- Scientist - Marie Sklodowska-Curie" border="0" data-original-height="335" data-original-width="500" height="267" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhj4qBLjAohJUD91AJHscCeEMN0-X6aPVSvMmjtTcrGF3GldL_jSgWnna3abra0Ly95Qt_d6E_l463SN9img6w7FRUJ0oALWW779WQ8xwxGniCW5gjEFiDrq5hpCiPhkyp6DRBm/s400/France+1967-+Scientist+-+Marie+Sklodowska-Curie.jpg" title="France 1967- Scientist - Marie Sklodowska-Curie" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHSBb1f2QJlfzaO8q-HJ0InG3Qo9XNdur7L1szs7jbUR1m7mFMU2fWhkmd7iqyw1v11GwTj6aHj1ZWSoeIqNhU59W1ids1mkebEpYQ9kUIz2XDCaSeYJfoEARnbpUE69vXUYsf/s1600/1967+Poland+full+set+3+stamps+Birth+Centenary+of+Marie+Curie.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="1967 Poland full set 3 stamps Birth Centenary of Marie Curie" border="0" data-original-height="510" data-original-width="1201" height="270" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhHSBb1f2QJlfzaO8q-HJ0InG3Qo9XNdur7L1szs7jbUR1m7mFMU2fWhkmd7iqyw1v11GwTj6aHj1ZWSoeIqNhU59W1ids1mkebEpYQ9kUIz2XDCaSeYJfoEARnbpUE69vXUYsf/s640/1967+Poland+full+set+3+stamps+Birth+Centenary+of+Marie+Curie.jpg" title="1967 Poland full set 3 stamps Birth Centenary of Marie Curie" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Physics: </b><b>Pierre Curie, French physicist and academic</b></div><br />Pierre Curie (15 May 1859 – 19 April 1906) was a French physicist, a pioneer in crystallography, magnetism, piezoelectricity, and radioactivity. In 1903, he received the Nobel Prize in Physics with his wife, Marie Skłodowska-Curie, and Henri Becquerel, "in recognition of the extraordinary services they have rendered by their joint researches on the radiation phenomena discovered by Professor Henri Becquerel".<br /><br />French stamp depicting Pierre and Marie Curie<br /><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjfzaAuDAzIwVU5R2WiGS3iQlrOjxmbsSCiw_pScDJsMXG-v6MZS8bYmqgt_Hjvh7PW7WWXKuctuFLpKgOZEjK1yyMhju3lY13KxPKz5WSrjFM5Bmd89mPde-Pou68sDq69FNT/s1600/France+-+1938++Marie+%2526+Pierre+Curie+Discovery+of+Radium.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France - 1938 Marie & Pierre Curie/Discovery of Radium" border="0" data-original-height="266" data-original-width="400" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhjfzaAuDAzIwVU5R2WiGS3iQlrOjxmbsSCiw_pScDJsMXG-v6MZS8bYmqgt_Hjvh7PW7WWXKuctuFLpKgOZEjK1yyMhju3lY13KxPKz5WSrjFM5Bmd89mPde-Pou68sDq69FNT/s320/France+-+1938++Marie+%2526+Pierre+Curie+Discovery+of+Radium.jpg" title="France - 1938 Marie & Pierre Curie/Discovery of Radium" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Bulgarian stamp depicting Pierre Curie</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilBoZ-qPes-ZWkxS2_RXXR4241UB7N3CJAXCpj0ldf4e5hQyBNITNbtfuB8QvmmJosGQydKzM7nS3oq63M1lPuq2w-ist1MGTERWW6kbN7v0TQUFPKvxJ1Hc4I9pTzLaCJnd5A/s1600/Bulgaria++Pierre+Curie+Scientist.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Bulgaria Pierre Curie Scientist" border="0" data-original-height="879" data-original-width="664" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEilBoZ-qPes-ZWkxS2_RXXR4241UB7N3CJAXCpj0ldf4e5hQyBNITNbtfuB8QvmmJosGQydKzM7nS3oq63M1lPuq2w-ist1MGTERWW6kbN7v0TQUFPKvxJ1Hc4I9pTzLaCJnd5A/s320/Bulgaria++Pierre+Curie+Scientist.jpg" title="Bulgaria Pierre Curie Scientist" width="241" /></a></div><div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><br /></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Chemistry: </b><b>Svante Arrhenius, Swedish physicist and chemist</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><div>Svante August Arrhenius (19 February 1859 – 2 October 1927) was a Swedish scientist. Originally a physicist, but often referred to as a chemist, Arrhenius was one of the founders of the science of physical chemistry. He received the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1903, becoming the first Swedish Nobel laureate. In 1905, he became director of the Nobel Institute, where he remained until his death.</div><div><br /></div><div>Arrhenius was the first to use principles of physical chemistry to estimate the extent to which increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide are responsible for the Earth's increasing surface temperature. In the 1960s, Charles David Keeling demonstrated that the quantity of human-caused carbon dioxide emissions into the air is enough to cause global warming.</div><div><br /></div><div>The Arrhenius equation, Arrhenius acid, Arrhenius base, lunar crater Arrhenius, Martian crater Arrhenius, the mountain of Arrheniusfjellet, and the Arrhenius Labs at Stockholm University were so named to commemorate his contributions to science.</div><div><br /></div><div>Swedish stamps depicting Svante Arrhenius</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoix_yQ8z2qv5xFm4vb2swiDPqTLXDNBFiSR4CQXcbhMQChVoF0hhnksAwz2zWdtrLk4RJJiIDx6eT5qMHRyED-FItCeQtCZhcOATPg931RgZndnoIipoAJNfTsEvZPyyefNyG/s930/Sweden+Svante+Arrhenius.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Sweden Svante Arrhenius" border="0" data-original-height="420" data-original-width="930" height="290" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjoix_yQ8z2qv5xFm4vb2swiDPqTLXDNBFiSR4CQXcbhMQChVoF0hhnksAwz2zWdtrLk4RJJiIDx6eT5qMHRyED-FItCeQtCZhcOATPg931RgZndnoIipoAJNfTsEvZPyyefNyG/w640-h290/Sweden+Svante+Arrhenius.jpg" title="Sweden Svante Arrhenius" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><br /><b>Physiology or Medicine: </b><b>Niels Ryberg Finsen, Faroese-Danish physician and educator</b></div><div><b><br /></b><div>Niels Ryberg Finsen (15 December 1860 – 24 September 1904) was a Danish-Faroese physician and scientist. In 1903, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Medicine and Physiology "in recognition of his contribution to the treatment of diseases, especially lupus vulgaris, with concentrated light radiation, whereby he has opened a new avenue for medical science."</div><div><br /></div><div>In 1882, Finsen moved to Copenhagen to study medicine at the University of Copenhagen, from which he graduated in 1890. Because he had studied in Iceland before moving to Copenhagen to study, he enjoyed privileged admission to Regensen, which is the most prestigious college dormitory in Denmark. Priotisation of Icelandic and Faroese individuals in the admission process was official Danish government policy that had been put in place in order to integrate the educated elites of its colonies with the university population in Copenhagen. Following graduation, he became a prosector of anatomy at the university. After three years, he quit the post to devote himself fully to his scientific studies. In 1898 Finsen was given a professorship and in 1899 he became a Knight of the Order of Dannebrog.</div><div><br /></div><div>The Finsen Institute was founded in 1896, with Finsen serving as its first director. It was later merged into Copenhagen University Hospital and currently serves as a cancer research laboratory that specializes in proteolysis.</div><div><br /></div><div>Finsen suffered from Niemann–Pick disease, which inspired him to sunbathe and investigate the effects of light on living things. As a result, Finsen is best known for his theory of phototherapy, in which certain wavelengths of light can have beneficial medical effects. His most notable writings were Finsen Om Lysets Indvirkninger paa Huden ("On the effects of light on the skin"), published in 1893 and Om Anvendelse i Medicinen af koncentrerede kemiske Lysstraaler ("The use of concentrated chemical light rays in medicine"), published in 1896. The papers were rapidly translated and published in both German and French. In his late work he researched the effects of sodium chloride, observing the results of a low sodium diet, which he published in 1904 as En Ophobning af Salt i Organismen ("An accumulation of salt in the organism").</div><div><br /></div><div>Finsen won the Nobel Prize in Physiology in 1903 for his work on phototherapy. He was the first Scandinavian to win the prize and is the only Faroese Nobel Laureate to date. In 1904, Finsen was awarded the Cameron Prize for Therapeutics of the University of Edinburgh.</div><div><br /></div><div>Stamps from Denmark and the Faroe Island depicting Niels Ryberg Finsen</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBPiF71oq0Fg0d-XVr6tZ-3kWLWCeqfJmtzZgadLwrpjyp_ItoFgtXSvabQ2RtqVM2fSQe0LGlKpSy-wWxm2NjDJoq7pdRhYZO9FbGkxfndxJsmob8pFUxsuplDjiRAsUIf14g/s500/Dr.+Niels+R.+Finsen.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Dr. Niels R. Finsen." border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="403" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBPiF71oq0Fg0d-XVr6tZ-3kWLWCeqfJmtzZgadLwrpjyp_ItoFgtXSvabQ2RtqVM2fSQe0LGlKpSy-wWxm2NjDJoq7pdRhYZO9FbGkxfndxJsmob8pFUxsuplDjiRAsUIf14g/w258-h320/Dr.+Niels+R.+Finsen.jpg" title="Dr. Niels R. Finsen." width="258" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCGo1LQ38JYZ1WQxMVd7Wc_rNSE3GWtHI9JhXcDlyD65dJq86az3efbZhdlVrn5_-bBTrOH6dIDGM1480VP_hCT-fst6aKbMEUJu8UAJjIfpUMW0AlpbCAGVWruaz_WEXFo9-g/s412/Faroe+Islands-1983+Europa--Nobel+Prize+Winners.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Faroe Islands-1983 Europa--Nobel Prize Winners" border="0" data-original-height="377" data-original-width="412" height="366" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCGo1LQ38JYZ1WQxMVd7Wc_rNSE3GWtHI9JhXcDlyD65dJq86az3efbZhdlVrn5_-bBTrOH6dIDGM1480VP_hCT-fst6aKbMEUJu8UAJjIfpUMW0AlpbCAGVWruaz_WEXFo9-g/w400-h366/Faroe+Islands-1983+Europa--Nobel+Prize+Winners.jpg" title="Faroe Islands-1983 Europa--Nobel Prize Winners" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><b>Literature: Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson, Norwegian-French author and playwright</b></div><div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span><b><br /></b></span></span></div><div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span>Bjørnstjerne Martinius Bjørnson (8 December 1832 – 26 April 1910) was a Norwegian writer who received the 1903 Nobel Prize in Literature "as a tribute to his noble, magnificent and versatile poetry, which has always been distinguished by both the freshness of its inspiration and the rare purity of its spirit", becoming the first Norwegian Nobel laureate. </span></span></div><div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span><br /></span></span></div><div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span>He was a prolific polemicist and extremely influential in Norwegian public life and Scandinavian cultural debate. Bjørnson is considered to be one of The Four Greats (De Fire Store) among Norwegian writers, the others being Henrik Ibsen, Jonas Lie, and Alexander Kielland. Bjørnson is also celebrated for his lyrics to the Norwegian National Anthem, "Ja, vi elsker dette landet". Composer Fredrikke Waaler based a composition for voice and piano (Spinnersken) on text by Bjørnson.<br /></span></span><p></p>Norwegian stamps depicting Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson</div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_S9RMLSRmu0eH5jC8lqbGdjCsEdqyrbGUWDMnr6BucMYViS2enMX_XR_BKhjy3RES2vn06sF6ysB-jmtaL5gJZ7A1RzqKuojeeKcPsXROEeDR0mJxU9pCIX_R_-NEbJK5LhdQ/s500/Norway+Bjornson%252Cnovelist%252Cpoet%252Cdramatist.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Norway Bjornson,novelist,poet,dramatist" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="427" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj_S9RMLSRmu0eH5jC8lqbGdjCsEdqyrbGUWDMnr6BucMYViS2enMX_XR_BKhjy3RES2vn06sF6ysB-jmtaL5gJZ7A1RzqKuojeeKcPsXROEeDR0mJxU9pCIX_R_-NEbJK5LhdQ/w341-h400/Norway+Bjornson%252Cnovelist%252Cpoet%252Cdramatist.jpg" title="Norway Bjornson,novelist,poet,dramatist" width="341" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWqGIIFlx_ySs-Cc6Ur3Xs_13QjSsQYzIzozQnSTt21d4qxJh-UDFZ9qVxW9CyUT_q640P9oKEJSxq0xXR7JqkSDwDG_3aF-r7WYTN0UGziui6EXdlKzv6rzZfexuvNOkHASEr/s519/Norway+Norwegian+Nobel+Laureates.+Bjornson.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Norway Norwegian Nobel Laureates. Bjornson" border="0" data-original-height="366" data-original-width="519" height="226" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWqGIIFlx_ySs-Cc6Ur3Xs_13QjSsQYzIzozQnSTt21d4qxJh-UDFZ9qVxW9CyUT_q640P9oKEJSxq0xXR7JqkSDwDG_3aF-r7WYTN0UGziui6EXdlKzv6rzZfexuvNOkHASEr/w320-h226/Norway+Norwegian+Nobel+Laureates.+Bjornson.jpg" title="Norway Norwegian Nobel Laureates. Bjornson" width="320" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKSJEmLtTpAK6cJqbHz81E5Zw_ih20uTODO_fqHQoqLUraQ_kVabnY6dazGM7ZntDKZzt77h_AZp88eQeTWyN7uYs3ki9MFqnPeImz_sOdh7q3yVtshWnQGhakTaUEzv_2ygva/s626/Norway+1982+Bj%25C3%25B8rnson.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Norway 1982 Bjørnson" border="0" data-original-height="510" data-original-width="626" height="261" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiKSJEmLtTpAK6cJqbHz81E5Zw_ih20uTODO_fqHQoqLUraQ_kVabnY6dazGM7ZntDKZzt77h_AZp88eQeTWyN7uYs3ki9MFqnPeImz_sOdh7q3yVtshWnQGhakTaUEzv_2ygva/w320-h261/Norway+1982+Bj%25C3%25B8rnson.jpg" title="Norway 1982 Bjørnson" width="320" /></a></div><br /><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Peace: Randal Cremer, English activist and politician</b></div><div><br /></div><div><div>Sir William Randal Cremer (18 March 1828 – 22 July 1908) usually known by his middle name "Randal", was an English Liberal Member of Parliament, a pacifist, and a leading advocate for international arbitration. He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1903 for his work with the international arbitration movement.</div><div><br /></div><div>From as early as his first unsuccessful run for Parliament in 1868, Cremer had advocated the expansion of international arbitration as peaceful alternative to war for the resolution of disputes.</div><div><br /></div><div>He was elected as Liberal Member of Parliament (MP) for Haggerston in the Shoreditch district of Hackney from 1885 to 1895, and then from 1900 until his death from pneumonia in 1908.</div><div><br /></div><div>Using his platform as an MP, Cremer cultivated allies on both continental Europe and across the Atlantic, including Frédéric Passy, William Jennings Bryan and Andrew Carnegie. Using his network of contacts and his talent for organisation, Cremer did much to create and expand institutions for international arbitration, which during his lifetime were successful in peacefully resolving numerous international disputes. This work includes co-founding the Inter-Parliamentary Union and the International Arbitration League; gaining acceptance for the 1897 Olney–Pauncefote Treaty between the United States and Britain that would have required arbitration of major disputes as the Essequibo territory (the treaty was rejected by the US Senate and never went into effect); and preparing the ground for the Hague peace conferences of 1899 and 1907.</div><div><br /></div><div>In recognition of his work in the arbitration movement, Cremer won the Nobel Peace Prize, the first to do so solo, in 1903. Of the £8,000 award he donated £7,000 as an endowment for the International Arbitration League.</div><div><br /></div><div>He also was named a Chevalier of the French Légion d'honneur, won the Norwegian Knighthood of Saint Olaf and was knighted in 1907.</div></div><div><b><br /></b>Stamp issued by Guinea Bissau depicting Randal Cremer</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEYW3sdHwtMAPsFDN5aMGQcyRfofSQ3Qd6qCC0vGHkEPCiBjJKynpHuvCCUul4uKKMGV3NeBDMmGj7HY6cdv-uECy_zvL7YoDrA8Q3nUUS5KjzClajRCgFAl5GXABgefjUvheJ/s500/Nobel+Peace+winner+Randal+Cremer+Member+of+Arbitration%252C+Guinea+Bissau+2009.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Nobel Peace winner Randal Cremer Member of Arbitration, Guinea Bissau 2009" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="485" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEYW3sdHwtMAPsFDN5aMGQcyRfofSQ3Qd6qCC0vGHkEPCiBjJKynpHuvCCUul4uKKMGV3NeBDMmGj7HY6cdv-uECy_zvL7YoDrA8Q3nUUS5KjzClajRCgFAl5GXABgefjUvheJ/w310-h320/Nobel+Peace+winner+Randal+Cremer+Member+of+Arbitration%252C+Guinea+Bissau+2009.jpg" title="Nobel Peace winner Randal Cremer Member of Arbitration, Guinea Bissau 2009" width="310" /></a></div><br /><div><br /><br /></div></div><div><b><br /></b></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-47722619692249510552021-08-09T06:50:00.003-07:002021-08-10T05:09:43.706-07:00Nobel laureates 1902: Lorentz, Zeeman, Fischer, Ross, Mommsen, Ducommun, Gobat<p> The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: Nobelpriset, Norwegian: Nobelprisen) are prizes awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institutet, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. They were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for contributions to the field of economics. Each recipient, or "laureate", receives a gold medal, a diploma, and a sum of money, which is decided annually by the Nobel Foundation</p><p>Here is a list of 1902 Nobel laureates </p><p><br /></p><br /><br /><b>Physics: Hendrik Lorentz, Dutch physicist and academic</b><div><br /></div><div>Hendrik Antoon Lorentz (18 July 1853 – 4 February 1928) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Pieter Zeeman for the discovery and theoretical explanation of the Zeeman effect. He also derived the transformation equations underpinning Albert Einstein's special theory of relativity.<br /><br />According to the biography published by the Nobel Foundation, "It may well be said that Lorentz was regarded by all theoretical physicists as the world's leading spirit, who completed what was left unfinished by his predecessors and prepared the ground for the fruitful reception of the new ideas based on the quantum theory." He received many other honors and distinctions, including a term as chairman of the International Committee on Intellectual Cooperation, the forerunner of UNESCO, between 1925 and 1928.<br /><br /><br />Dutch stamp depicting Hendrik Lorentz<br /><div><b><br /></b></div><div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEEtWCKuUoS-TEJXoIqBDuyQ3MCLM6Mbo0eOO64fxsD3b-ZZ913TQ8AND8d8Jkw2-EnZnrcMnMBRhakGfjeZy0DViSoOAaPvn7kDCbKN2djLxaYrbg-QWAf6vIvP-nUhzF2-Ft/s639/Netherlands+Scott+B35+Lorentz.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands Scott B35 Lorentz" border="0" data-original-height="639" data-original-width="521" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjEEtWCKuUoS-TEJXoIqBDuyQ3MCLM6Mbo0eOO64fxsD3b-ZZ913TQ8AND8d8Jkw2-EnZnrcMnMBRhakGfjeZy0DViSoOAaPvn7kDCbKN2djLxaYrbg-QWAf6vIvP-nUhzF2-Ft/w326-h400/Netherlands+Scott+B35+Lorentz.jpg" title="Netherlands Scott B35 Lorentz" width="326" /></a></div><br /><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><b>Physics: Pieter Zeeman, Dutch physicist and academic</b><br /><p>Pieter Zeeman (25 May 1865 – 9 October 1943) was a Dutch physicist who shared the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics with Hendrik Lorentz for his discovery of the Zeeman effect</p><p>After Zeeman passed the qualification exams in 1885, he studied physics at the University of Leiden under Kamerlingh Onnes and Hendrik Lorentz. In 1890, even before finishing his thesis, he became Lorentz's assistant. This allowed him to participate in a research programme on the Kerr effect. In 1893 he submitted his doctoral thesis on the Kerr effect, the reflection of polarized light on a magnetized surface. After obtaining his doctorate he went for half a year to Friedrich Kohlrausch's institute in Strasbourg. In 1895, after returning from Strasbourg, Zeeman became Privatdozent in mathematics and physics in Leiden. The same year he married Johanna Elisabeth Lebret (1873–1962); they had three daughters and one son.</p><p>In 1896, shortly before moving from Leiden to Amsterdam, he measured the splitting of spectral lines by a strong magnetic field, a discovery now known as the Zeeman effect, for which he won the 1902 Nobel Prize in Physics. This research involved an investigation of the effect of magnetic fields on a light source. He discovered that a spectral line is split into several components in the presence of a magnetic field. Lorentz first heard about Zeeman's observations on Saturday 31 October 1896 at the meeting of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in Amsterdam, where these results were communicated by Kamerlingh Onnes. The next Monday, Lorentz called Zeeman into his office and presented him with an explanation of his observations, based on Lorentz's theory of electromagnetic radiation.</p><p>The importance of Zeeman's discovery soon became apparent. It confirmed Lorentz's prediction about the polarization of light emitted in the presence of a magnetic field. Thanks to Zeeman's work it became clear that the oscillating particles that according to Lorentz were the source of light emission were negatively charged, and were a thousandfold lighter than the hydrogen atom. This conclusion was reached well before J. J. Thomson's discovery of the electron. The Zeeman effect thus became an important tool for elucidating the structure of the atom.</p><p>In 1898 Zeeman was elected to membership of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in Amsterdam, and he served as its secretary from 1912 to 1920. He won the Henry Draper Medal in 1921, and several other awards and Honorary degrees. Zeeman was elected a Foreign member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1921. He retired as a professor in 1935.</p><p>Zeeman died on 9 October 1943 in Amsterdam, and was buried in Haarlem.</p><p>Dutch stamps depicting Zeeman</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkwGtuHY65YKeMa8Aekjjriw4XUgXDNhIMBFAfV9jnmKvrxW3WNT2_sEwNF4Dbk5_wjeLcnydQUiAnPgt3p_3qP1hOF7YtcfxI7iq4OVRW11ez94ygAKov-e4-KsJSg501gHJ4/s500/Netherlands+1991+MNH%252C+Pieter+Zeeman+Nobel+Physics+Winner+in+1902.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1991 MNH, Pieter Zeeman Nobel Physics Winner in 1902" border="0" data-original-height="361" data-original-width="500" height="231" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkwGtuHY65YKeMa8Aekjjriw4XUgXDNhIMBFAfV9jnmKvrxW3WNT2_sEwNF4Dbk5_wjeLcnydQUiAnPgt3p_3qP1hOF7YtcfxI7iq4OVRW11ez94ygAKov-e4-KsJSg501gHJ4/w320-h231/Netherlands+1991+MNH%252C+Pieter+Zeeman+Nobel+Physics+Winner+in+1902.jpg" title="Netherlands 1991 MNH, Pieter Zeeman Nobel Physics Winner in 1902" width="320" /></a></div><p><b style="background-color: white; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></b></p><b>Chemistry: Hermann Emil Fischer, German chemist and academic</b><br /><br />Hermann Emil Louis Fischer (9 October 1852 – 15 July 1919) was a German chemist and 1902 recipient of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. He discovered the Fischer esterification. He also developed the Fischer projection, a symbolic way of drawing asymmetric carbon atoms. He also hypothesized lock and key mechanism of enzyme action. He never used his first given name, and was known throughout his life simply as Emil Fischer.<br /><br />In 1875, the year following his engagement with von Baeyer, he published his discovery of the organic derivatives of a new compound of hydrogen and nitrogen, hydrazine. He investigated their derivatives, establishing their relation to the diazo compounds, and he noted the readiness with which they entered into combination with other substances, giving origin to a wealth of hitherto unknown compounds. Of such condensation products undoubtedly the most important are the hydrazones, which result from the interaction with aldehydes and ketones. His observations, published in 1886, that such hydrazones, by treatment with hydrochloric acid or zinc chloride, yielded derivatives of indole, the parent substance of indigo, were a confirmation of the views advanced by von Baeyer on the subject of indigo and the many substances related to it.<br /><br />He next turned to the fuchsine (then called "rosaniline") magenta dyes, and in collaboration with his cousin Otto Fischer, he published papers in 1878 and 1879 which established that these dyes were derivatives of triphenylmethane. Emil Fischer's next research was concerned with compounds related to uric acid. Here the ground had been broken by von Baeyer, but Fischer greatly advanced the field of knowledge of the purines. In 1881 and 1882 he published papers which established the formulae of uric acid, xanthine, caffeine (achieving the first synthesis), theobromine and some other compounds of this group. After purine itself was isolated, a variety of derivatives were prepared, some of which were patented in view of possible therapeutical applications.<br /><br />Fischer is particularly noted for his work on sugars. Among his early discoveries related to hydrazine was that phenylhydrazine reacted with sugars to form substances which he named osazones, and which, being highly crystalline and readily formed, served to identify such carbohydrates more definitely than had been previously possible. Later, among other work, he is noted for the organic synthesis of D-(+)-glucose. He showed how to deduce the formulae of the 16 stereoisomeric glucoses, and prepared several stereoisomerides, helping to confirm the Le Bel–Van 't Hoff rule of the asymmetric carbon atom.<br /><br />In the field of enzymology, Fischer is known for his proposal of "the lock and key" model as a mechanism of substrate binding.<br /><br />Fischer was also instrumental in the discovery of barbiturates, a class of sedative drugs used for insomnia, epilepsy, anxiety, and anesthesia. Along with the physician Josef von Mering, he helped to launch the first barbiturate sedative, barbital, in 1904. He next carried out pioneering work on proteins. By the introduction of new methods, he succeeded in breaking down the complex albumins into amino acids and other nitrogenous compounds, the constitutions of most of which were known, and by bringing about the recombination of these units, he prepared synthetic peptides which approximated to the natural products. His researches made from 1899 to 1906 were published in 1907 with the title Untersuchungen über Aminosauren, Polypeptides und Proteine.<br /><br />In 1897 he put forward the idea to create the International Atomic Weights Commission. Fischer was elected a Foreign Member of the Royal Society (ForMemRS) in 1899. He was awarded the 1902 Nobel Prize in chemistry "in recognition of the extraordinary services he has rendered by his work on sugar and purine syntheses."<br /><br />Many names of chemical reactions and concepts are named after him:<br /><br /><br /><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Fischer indole synthesis</li><li>Fischer projection</li><li>Fischer oxazole synthesis</li><li>Fischer peptide synthesis</li><li>Fischer phenylhydrazine and oxazone reaction</li><li>Fischer–Speier esterification</li><li>Fischer glycosidation</li><li>Kiliani–Fischer synthesis</li></ul><br /><br /><br />Stamp issued by Guinea Bissau depicting Emil Fischer<p><span style="color: #5e5e5e;"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="color: #5e5e5e;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOQcC0iD-yDORz22ICTVhYxv-RI1E5WnwyiNJEW_RzWBP_O8Bu_BV4ajv1HaqrpbIuIhlyl0sIm5RUugTUtTSBnq7bADNTes75rLck3QtT8RP-lg34ySBz9GeQtJr-Ap9F4yl7/s923/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Chemisry+Emil+Fischer+Germany.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Chemisry Emil Fischer Germany" border="0" data-original-height="923" data-original-width="886" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOQcC0iD-yDORz22ICTVhYxv-RI1E5WnwyiNJEW_RzWBP_O8Bu_BV4ajv1HaqrpbIuIhlyl0sIm5RUugTUtTSBnq7bADNTes75rLck3QtT8RP-lg34ySBz9GeQtJr-Ap9F4yl7/w307-h320/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Chemisry+Emil+Fischer+Germany.jpg" title="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Chemisry Emil Fischer Germany" width="307" /></a></span></div><span style="color: #5e5e5e;"><br /><span style="font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span></span><p></p><p><span style="color: #5e5e5e;"><span style="font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span></span></p><b>Physiology or Medicine: Ronald Ross, Indian-English physician and mathematician</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Sir Ronald Ross (13 May 1857 – 16 September 1932) was a British medical doctor who received the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 1902 for his work on the transmission of malaria, becoming the first British Nobel laureate, and the first born outside Europe. His discovery of the malarial parasite in the gastrointestinal tract of a mosquito in 1897 proved that malaria was transmitted by mosquitoes, and laid the foundation for the method of combating the disease. </div><div><br /></div><div>He was a polymath, writing a number of poems, published several novels, and composed songs. He was also an amateur artist and natural mathematician. He worked in the Indian Medical Service for 25 years. It was during his service that he made the groundbreaking medical discovery. </div><div><br /></div><div>After resigning from his service in India, he joined the faculty of Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, and continued as Professor and Chairman of Tropical Medicine of the institute for 10 years. In 1926 he became Director-in-Chief of the Ross Institute and Hospital for Tropical Diseases, which was established in honour of his works. He remained there until his death.<br /><br />Indian stamp and FDC depicting Ronald Ross</div><div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgno-cnxz0Qx51UC3MV7C4vQeMb54o3znjMBt1xnJFkHB62kzz5OFgJ_tS77gwW_jDnML2cPaRu6WKppruELUOZJg7acLm6YwPafNrZc5ClVJYNVkc0819oGIJL9jUfjgTLH6cK/s1600/Sir+Ronald+Ross+-+India+Discovery+Of+The+Malaria+Parasite.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Sir Ronald Ross - India Discovery Of The Malaria Parasite" border="0" data-original-height="318" data-original-width="475" height="214" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgno-cnxz0Qx51UC3MV7C4vQeMb54o3znjMBt1xnJFkHB62kzz5OFgJ_tS77gwW_jDnML2cPaRu6WKppruELUOZJg7acLm6YwPafNrZc5ClVJYNVkc0819oGIJL9jUfjgTLH6cK/s320/Sir+Ronald+Ross+-+India+Discovery+Of+The+Malaria+Parasite.jpg" title="Sir Ronald Ross - India Discovery Of The Malaria Parasite" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_fAGCznZIQYOf6VoO9Rrsue1syDjGOr_z0ufmxNMnhcWbCe4xgVLVXKKteLjxZSIuxZ1fegLTD_bmIxFKKdi8c5YXdAcp4UDQNuP8MpugmR7rlEMmCNmPtUH7W9GZBH1m37Y0/s1600/Sir+Ronald+Ross+-+India+Discovery+Of+The+Malaria+Parasite+FDC.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Sir Ronald Ross - India Discovery Of The Malaria Parasite FDC" border="0" data-original-height="807" data-original-width="1524" height="338" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_fAGCznZIQYOf6VoO9Rrsue1syDjGOr_z0ufmxNMnhcWbCe4xgVLVXKKteLjxZSIuxZ1fegLTD_bmIxFKKdi8c5YXdAcp4UDQNuP8MpugmR7rlEMmCNmPtUH7W9GZBH1m37Y0/s640/Sir+Ronald+Ross+-+India+Discovery+Of+The+Malaria+Parasite+FDC.jpg" title="Sir Ronald Ross - India Discovery Of The Malaria Parasite FDC" width="640" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><b>Literature: Theodor Mommsen, German archaeologist, journalist, and politician</b><br /><br />Christian Matthias Theodor Mommsen (30 November 1817 – 1 November 1903) was a German classical scholar, historian, jurist, journalist, politician and archaeologist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest classicists of the 19th century. His work regarding Roman history is still of fundamental importance for contemporary research. He received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1902 for being "the greatest living master of the art of historical writing, with special reference to his monumental work, A History of Rome", after having been nominated by 18 members of the Prussian Academy of Sciences. He was also a prominent German politician, as a member of the Prussian and German parliaments. His works on Roman law and on the law of obligations had a significant impact on the German civil code.<br /><br />German, Berlin and East German stamps depicting Theodor Mommsen<p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl2QKefgu3EXNcpuJit6lV2vnMtmdigyNUtecpyJ2l-KeA-56HHO0VhWZ9u-doDqOOFCgX8JTHv3yRL7mXB_I2Zjgro0u7bZjCYnsi2Jp7hFJAS-OKrTmzTPVELfp_VsTA3Pe_/s1180/DDR+1950+Germany+Theodor+Mommsen.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="DDR 1950 Germany Theodor Mommsen" border="0" data-original-height="1180" data-original-width="1015" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhl2QKefgu3EXNcpuJit6lV2vnMtmdigyNUtecpyJ2l-KeA-56HHO0VhWZ9u-doDqOOFCgX8JTHv3yRL7mXB_I2Zjgro0u7bZjCYnsi2Jp7hFJAS-OKrTmzTPVELfp_VsTA3Pe_/w275-h320/DDR+1950+Germany+Theodor+Mommsen.jpg" title="DDR 1950 Germany Theodor Mommsen" width="275" /></a></div><br /><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span><p></p><p><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"></span></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0n-qRJNI-9LmWEWbzA3uoXjEF2HupzBVGlbvSPJ3NUTh6madGb1SLCFHV6sLdA30z-87cpA48_kpmN3E5iDbQuppvIpaH3YzKqBzPlMVFjpxwPJCmeFZm1S7hQkDYxThZBFfZ/s500/Germany+Berlin+1957+Theodor++Mommsen.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany Berlin 1957 Theodor Mommsen" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="415" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi0n-qRJNI-9LmWEWbzA3uoXjEF2HupzBVGlbvSPJ3NUTh6madGb1SLCFHV6sLdA30z-87cpA48_kpmN3E5iDbQuppvIpaH3YzKqBzPlMVFjpxwPJCmeFZm1S7hQkDYxThZBFfZ/w266-h320/Germany+Berlin+1957+Theodor++Mommsen.jpg" title="Germany Berlin 1957 Theodor Mommsen" width="266" /></a></span></div><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPYpDBbqGtHckz9dPLeyRndmnszkKYZUFrniIcw3dNVDVuQMF4_AdcAEKoobkIAI5kCs7pd032E4aDRpbfzctpRm8SqgNaO_nTrNHVLa5Jl__nXC2OxdGj08L2aRu-35sNFbZV/s1406/Germany+2017+MNH+Theodor+Mommsen.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany 2017 MNH Theodor Mommsen" border="0" data-original-height="1406" data-original-width="1389" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgPYpDBbqGtHckz9dPLeyRndmnszkKYZUFrniIcw3dNVDVuQMF4_AdcAEKoobkIAI5kCs7pd032E4aDRpbfzctpRm8SqgNaO_nTrNHVLa5Jl__nXC2OxdGj08L2aRu-35sNFbZV/w316-h320/Germany+2017+MNH+Theodor+Mommsen.jpg" title="Germany 2017 MNH Theodor Mommsen" width="316" /></a></div><br /><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span></span><p></p><p><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif"><span style="color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span></span></p><b>Peace: Élie Ducommun, Swiss journalist and educator</b></div><div><b><br /></b>Élie Ducommun (19 February 1833, Geneva – 7 December 1906, Bern) was a Swiss peace activist. He was a Nobel laureate, awarded the 1902 Nobel Peace Prize, which he shared with Charles Albert Gobat.<br /><br />Born in Geneva, he worked as a tutor, language teacher, journalist and a translator for the Swiss federal Chancellery (1869–1873).<br /><br />In 1867 he helped to found the Ligue de la paix et de la liberté (League of Peace and Freedom), though he continued working at other positions, including secretary for the Jura-Simplon Steel Company from 1873 to 1891. That year, he was appointed director of the newly formed Bureau international de la paix (International Peace Office), the first non-governmental international peace organization, based in Bern. He refused to accept a salary for the position, stating that he wished to serve in this capacity solely for reasons of idealism.<br /><br />His keen organizational skills ensured the group's success. He was awarded in the Nobel Peace Prize in 1902, and served as director of the organization until his death in 1906.<p>Stamp issued by Guinea Bissau depicting Élie Ducommun</p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSVgECv0zk4cMxgKIG-nI2gPnehTbaO5lJdE73MPp21z2YaC4vJolvmF8P7mmgGQwp4QdTLDRkW2AjpH2RtEvxqG116K9-sYndvsafHs6maSvAxXL4O3OpZ5iqgKNjo4EkGxwo/s924/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Peace+Albert+Gobat.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="924" data-original-width="887" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSVgECv0zk4cMxgKIG-nI2gPnehTbaO5lJdE73MPp21z2YaC4vJolvmF8P7mmgGQwp4QdTLDRkW2AjpH2RtEvxqG116K9-sYndvsafHs6maSvAxXL4O3OpZ5iqgKNjo4EkGxwo/s320/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Peace+Albert+Gobat.jpg" width="307" /></a></div><br /><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 14.85px;"><br /></span><p></p><br /><br /><b>Peace: Charles Albert Gobat, Swiss lawyer and politician</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><div>Charles Albert Gobat (21 May 1843 – 16 March 1914) was a Swiss lawyer, educational administrator, and politician who jointly received the Nobel Peace Prize with Élie Ducommun in 1902 for their leadership of the Permanent International Peace Bureau.</div><div><br /></div><div>After completing his Ph.D, Gobat began his practicing law in Bern and also lectured on French civil law at Bern University. He then opened an office in Delémont in the canton of Bern, which soon became the leading legal firm of the district.</div><div><br /></div><div>After practicing law for fifteen years, he became involved in politics and education. In 1882, he was appointed superintendent of public instruction for the canton of Bern, a position he held for thirty years. He was a progressive in educational philosophy and he made many important reforms in the education system. He reformed the system of primary training, obtained increased budgetary support to improve the teacher-pupil ratio, supported the study of living languages, and provided pupils with an alternative to the traditionally narrow classical education by establishing curricula in vocational & professional training.</div><div><br /></div><div>He won acclaim for his erudite République de Berne et la France pendant les guerres de religion, which was published in 1891 and also widespread recognition for A People's History of Switzerland, which was published in 1900.</div><div><br /></div><div>He also pursued a career in politics. He was elected to many important positions. He was elected to the Grand Council of Bern in 1882. From 1884 to 1890, he was a member of the Council of States of Switzerland and from 1890 until his death in 1914, he was a member of the National Council, the other chamber of the central Swiss legislative body. In both politics and education, he was a liberal reformer. In 1902, he sponsored several legislation which applied the principle of arbitration to commercial treaties. Gobat worked with the Inter-Parliamentary Union, which was founded by William Randal Cremer, the winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1903, in 1889. In 1892 he became the president of the union's fourth conference, which was held in Bern and which founded the Bureau Interparlementaire. He served as general secretary of the bureau, an information office dealing with peace movements, international conciliation, and communication among national parliamentary bodies. The third conference of the union, held in Rome in 1891, established the International Peace Bureau, of which Gobat was director when it was awarded the Nobel peace prize in 1910.</div><div style="font-weight: bold;"><br /></div><br />Stamp issued by Guinea Bissau depicting Albert Gobat<p></p><p><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="color: #5e5e5e;"><span style="font-size: 14.85px;"></span></span></p><p></p><p></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSVgECv0zk4cMxgKIG-nI2gPnehTbaO5lJdE73MPp21z2YaC4vJolvmF8P7mmgGQwp4QdTLDRkW2AjpH2RtEvxqG116K9-sYndvsafHs6maSvAxXL4O3OpZ5iqgKNjo4EkGxwo/s924/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Peace+Albert+Gobat.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="924" data-original-width="887" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSVgECv0zk4cMxgKIG-nI2gPnehTbaO5lJdE73MPp21z2YaC4vJolvmF8P7mmgGQwp4QdTLDRkW2AjpH2RtEvxqG116K9-sYndvsafHs6maSvAxXL4O3OpZ5iqgKNjo4EkGxwo/s320/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Peace+Albert+Gobat.jpg" style="cursor: move;" width="307" /></a></div></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-26293258690773673522021-08-05T07:46:00.003-07:002021-08-05T07:48:52.661-07:00Nobel laureates 1901: Wilhelm Röntgen, Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Emil Adolf von Behring, Sully Prudhomme, Henry Dunant, Frédéric Passy<p>The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: Nobelpriset, Norwegian: Nobelprisen) are prizes awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institutet, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine. They were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for contributions to the field of economics. Each recipient, or "laureate", receives a gold medal, a diploma, and a sum of money, which is decided annually by the Nobel Foundation</p><p>Here is a list of 1901 Nobel laureates </p><p><b><br /></b></p><p><b>Physics: Wilhelm Röntgen, German physicist and academic</b></p><p>Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen (27 March 1845 – 10 February 1923) was a German mechanical engineer and physicist, who, on 8 November 1895, produced and detected electromagnetic radiation in a wavelength range known as X-rays or Röntgen rays, an achievement that earned him the first Nobel Prize in Physics in 1901. In honour of his accomplishments, in 2004 the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) named element 111, roentgenium, a radioactive element with multiple unstable isotopes, after him.<br /><br />Today, in Remscheid-Lennep, 40 kilometers east of Düsseldorf, the town in which Röntgen was born in 1845 is the Deutsches Röntgen-Museum.<br />In Würzburg, where he discovered the X-rays, a non-profit organization maintains his laboratory and provides guided tours to the Röntgen Memorial Site.<br /><br />World Radiology Day: The International Day of Radiology is an annual event promoting the role of medical imaging in modern healthcare. It is celebrated on 8 November each year, coincides with the anniversary of the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen in 1895. It was first introduced in 2012, as a joint initiative, by the European Society of Radiology (ESR), the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA), and the American College of Radiology (ACR).<br /><br />Röntgen Peak in Antarctica is named after Wilhelm Röntgen<br /><br />Stamps from India, Germany and Spain depicting Wilhelm Röntgen<br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7zt02RdYW2zsTJ59Pn5wqpe0Vj5pH_DXg0iggo9dCzsgQjW8zjzjBzS_NSVRe_IEup1ClXQ51ULa4QOKcG5ecvKdHfOru9YHLOvCtPOC3-FfRfA1EQaCQdkFV0HPYWNm1hkou/s1600/1995+Wilhelm+R%25C3%25B6ntgen+Germany+X+Rays+Discoverer+Medicine+Health+Physicist.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="1995 Wilhelm Röntgen Germany X Rays Discoverer Medicine Health Physicist" border="0" data-original-height="945" data-original-width="734" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7zt02RdYW2zsTJ59Pn5wqpe0Vj5pH_DXg0iggo9dCzsgQjW8zjzjBzS_NSVRe_IEup1ClXQ51ULa4QOKcG5ecvKdHfOru9YHLOvCtPOC3-FfRfA1EQaCQdkFV0HPYWNm1hkou/s320/1995+Wilhelm+R%25C3%25B6ntgen+Germany+X+Rays+Discoverer+Medicine+Health+Physicist.jpg" title="1995 Wilhelm Röntgen Germany X Rays Discoverer Medicine Health Physicist" width="248" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4sIDMjlPd2cTCjl8rS0iWqWhRycRhMaWLNo1F-XraHGjaAvT44bOtf7Q9Ttat21TqO9FaSnQrbRt628UCUYgZh4mQUPp3Zxi9RhXD1ntA3vZF1h8aVrvl7BmZU7p3aLbXwT9l/s1600/GERMANY+150th+Anniversary+of+Wilhelm+Conrad+R%25C3%25B6ntgen.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="GERMANY 150th Anniversary of Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen" border="0" data-original-height="307" data-original-width="500" height="245" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi4sIDMjlPd2cTCjl8rS0iWqWhRycRhMaWLNo1F-XraHGjaAvT44bOtf7Q9Ttat21TqO9FaSnQrbRt628UCUYgZh4mQUPp3Zxi9RhXD1ntA3vZF1h8aVrvl7BmZU7p3aLbXwT9l/s400/GERMANY+150th+Anniversary+of+Wilhelm+Conrad+R%25C3%25B6ntgen.jpg" title="GERMANY 150th Anniversary of Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqs2m6w5C9niBxLBdl_ShKTt41dag6iwB7-wmO13Bl_5T-ljZDsTc7CYMj-98ubvTFZD3w1zBw9bOfxCNAQhmSQ7zIarSyTVcM7QFRMG-KJWdvJf22qHzq8l_p-GgwhOvvmCPh/s1600/GERMANY++Wilhelm+Conrad+R%25C3%25B6ntgen.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="GERMANY Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.jpg" border="0" data-original-height="666" data-original-width="577" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiqs2m6w5C9niBxLBdl_ShKTt41dag6iwB7-wmO13Bl_5T-ljZDsTc7CYMj-98ubvTFZD3w1zBw9bOfxCNAQhmSQ7zIarSyTVcM7QFRMG-KJWdvJf22qHzq8l_p-GgwhOvvmCPh/s320/GERMANY++Wilhelm+Conrad+R%25C3%25B6ntgen.jpg" title="GERMANY Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen.jpg" width="277" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyKvaNxNvm2Wz3fCfKJrhyphenhyphensIZgzu7hIgSanJfnGthIqixkWXi0pJjLuOOwoTLfrVaPMwKVJAfKT9_a8A0ItbAyhECJpotqDVIoGVrGkpChXRjjLT5g9JZdfeDZDGVDy5FrTBZg/s1600/Spain+1967+MNH%252C+Radiology+Congress%252C+Radiology+Congress%252C+R%25C3%25B6ntgen%252C+Medicine.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Spain 1967 MNH, Radiology Congress, Radiology Congress, Röntgen, Medicine" border="0" data-original-height="481" data-original-width="808" height="237" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjyKvaNxNvm2Wz3fCfKJrhyphenhyphensIZgzu7hIgSanJfnGthIqixkWXi0pJjLuOOwoTLfrVaPMwKVJAfKT9_a8A0ItbAyhECJpotqDVIoGVrGkpChXRjjLT5g9JZdfeDZDGVDy5FrTBZg/s400/Spain+1967+MNH%252C+Radiology+Congress%252C+Radiology+Congress%252C+R%25C3%25B6ntgen%252C+Medicine.jpg" title="Spain 1967 MNH, Radiology Congress, Radiology Congress, Röntgen, Medicine" width="400" /></a></div><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><div><div><b>Chemistry: Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff, Dutch chemist and academic</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Jacobus Henricus "Henry" van 't Hoff Jr. (30 August 1852 – 1 March 1911) was a Dutch physical chemist. A highly influential theoretical chemist of his time, Van 't Hoff was the first winner of the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. His pioneering work helped found the modern theory of chemical affinity, chemical equilibrium, chemical kinetics, and chemical thermodynamics. In his 1874 pamphlet Van 't Hoff formulated the theory of the tetrahedral carbon atom and laid the foundations of stereochemistry. In 1875, he predicted the correct structures of allenes and cumulenes as well as their axial chirality. He is also widely considered one of the founders of physical chemistry as the discipline is known today.</div><div><br /></div><div>Van 't Hoff earned his earliest reputation in the field of organic chemistry. In 1874, he accounted for the phenomenon of optical activity by assuming that the chemical bonds between carbon atoms and their neighbors were directed towards the corners of a regular tetrahedron. This three-dimensional structure accounted for the isomers found in nature. He shares credit for this with the French chemist Joseph Le Bel, who independently came up with the same idea.</div><div><br /></div><div>Three months before his doctoral degree was awarded, Van 't Hoff published this theory, which today is regarded as the foundation of stereochemistry, first in a Dutch pamphlet in the fall of 1874, and then in the following May in a small French book entitled La chimie dans l'espace. A German translation appeared in 1877, at a time when the only job Van 't Hoff could find was at the Veterinary School in Utrecht. In these early years his theory was largely ignored by the scientific community, and was sharply criticized by one prominent chemist.</div><div><br /></div><div>In 1884, Van 't Hoff published his research on chemical kinetics, titled Études de Dynamique chimique ("Studies in Chemical Dynamics"), in which he described a new method for determining the order of a reaction using graphics and applied the laws of thermodynamics to chemical equilibria. He also introduced the modern concept of chemical affinity. In 1886, he showed a similarity between the behaviour of dilute solutions and gases. In 1887, he and German chemist Wilhelm Ostwald founded an influential scientific magazine named Zeitschrift für physikalische Chemie ("Journal of Physical Chemistry"). He worked on Svante Arrhenius's theory of the dissociation of electrolytes and in 1889 provided physical justification for the Arrhenius equation. In 1896, he became a professor at the Prussian Academy of Sciences in Berlin. His studies of the salt deposits at Stassfurt were an important contribution to Prussia's chemical industry.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Van 't Hoff became a lecturer in chemistry and physics at the Veterinary College in Utrecht. He then worked as a professor of chemistry, mineralogy, and geology at the University of Amsterdam for almost 18 years before eventually becoming the chairman of the chemistry department. In 1896, Van 't Hoff moved to Germany, where he finished his career at the University of Berlin in 1911. In 1901, he received the first Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work with solutions. His work showed that very dilute solutions follow mathematical laws that closely resemble the laws describing the behavior of gases.</div></div><div><br /></div><div>Stamps from Grenada and the Netherlands depicting Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUO3ibFdGIb6_UdQn05HAPnT96vGtsnNyEZuY-wLBJECeLa2YP5GGJh-kQKvtaf9hnBIM-NFwAPBdLxrccsoAZZMVtcDhoS8cX9a0SNWQEafCgwgVTnJrhkowg9z9rFmHMkyhb/s500/Grenada+2002+Jacobus+H.+van%2527t+Hoff+Nobel+in+Chemistry+in+1901.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Grenada 2002 Jacobus H. van't Hoff Nobel in Chemistry in 1901" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="345" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjUO3ibFdGIb6_UdQn05HAPnT96vGtsnNyEZuY-wLBJECeLa2YP5GGJh-kQKvtaf9hnBIM-NFwAPBdLxrccsoAZZMVtcDhoS8cX9a0SNWQEafCgwgVTnJrhkowg9z9rFmHMkyhb/w221-h320/Grenada+2002+Jacobus+H.+van%2527t+Hoff+Nobel+in+Chemistry+in+1901.jpg" title="Grenada 2002 Jacobus H. van't Hoff Nobel in Chemistry in 1901" width="221" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEga95DPJM0nMarbrrmKRpYl0KC8-M64pkLICypa0QB5XTL73oEC3jquJ49qLTNsJomkF4wGte-UDRTKk0vDcDAJcfAHizIyZUwOh_eJZdw7TpgDol-BZu43UahzeNcIo25lyc2_/s500/Netherlands+1991+MNH%252C+J+H+van+%2527t+Hoff+Nobel+Chemistry+Winner.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Netherlands 1991 MNH, J H van 't Hoff Nobel Chemistry Winner" border="0" data-original-height="347" data-original-width="500" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEga95DPJM0nMarbrrmKRpYl0KC8-M64pkLICypa0QB5XTL73oEC3jquJ49qLTNsJomkF4wGte-UDRTKk0vDcDAJcfAHizIyZUwOh_eJZdw7TpgDol-BZu43UahzeNcIo25lyc2_/w400-h278/Netherlands+1991+MNH%252C+J+H+van+%2527t+Hoff+Nobel+Chemistry+Winner.jpg" title="Netherlands 1991 MNH, J H van 't Hoff Nobel Chemistry Winner" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><p><b>Physiology </b><b>or Medicine: Emil von Behring, German physiologist and immunologist</b></p><p>Emil von Behring (Emil Adolf von Behring), born Emil Adolf Behring (15 March 1854 – 31 March 1917), was a German physiologist who received the 1901 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, the first one awarded in that field, for his discovery of a diphtheria antitoxin. He was widely known as a "saviour of children," as diphtheria used to be a major cause of child death. He was honored with Prussian nobility in 1901, henceforth being known by the surname "von Behring."</p><p>In 1895 he became Professor of Hygienics within the Faculty of Medicine at the University of Marburg, a position he would hold for the rest of his life. He and the pharmacologist Hans Horst Meyer had their laboratories in the same building, and Behring stimulated Meyer's interest in the mode of action of tetanus toxin.</p><p>Behring won the first Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1901 for the development of serum therapies against diphtheria. He was elected a Foreign Honorary Member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1902.</p><p>In 1904 he founded the Behringwerke in Marburg, a company to produce antitoxins and vaccines.</p><p>At the International Tuberculosis Congress in 1905 he announced that he had discovered "a substance proceeding from the virus of tuberculosis." This substance, which he designated "T C," plays the important part in the immunizing action of his "bovivaccine", which prevents bovine tuberculosis. He tried unsuccessfully to obtain a protective and therapeutic agents for humans.</p><p>Behring died at Marburg, Hessen-Nassau, on 31 March 1917. His name survived in the Dade Behring organisation (now part of the Siemens Healthineers), in CSL Behring, a manufacturer of plasma-derived biotherapies, in Novartis Behring and in the Emil von Behring Prize of the University of Marburg, the highest endowed medicine award in Germany.</p><p>His Nobel Prize medal is now kept on display at the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Museum in Geneva.</p><p>German stamps depicting Emil von Behring</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ-zOBp0BFeGSn1zTBUCGYG-1jHGcVMmVNLgtPyGXhxT5pUmM4xRSbTNgkSyw4Nm9KlyfJEM_opEiy8sdrdvzjGCQEUVTUuFPtQMRc-V85-1vKHNH9g1lXTus2DItdp-4NRnv8/s1600/Emil+von+Behring+1940.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Emil von Behring 1940" border="0" data-original-height="985" data-original-width="1600" height="246" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgJ-zOBp0BFeGSn1zTBUCGYG-1jHGcVMmVNLgtPyGXhxT5pUmM4xRSbTNgkSyw4Nm9KlyfJEM_opEiy8sdrdvzjGCQEUVTUuFPtQMRc-V85-1vKHNH9g1lXTus2DItdp-4NRnv8/w400-h246/Emil+von+Behring+1940.jpg" title="Emil von Behring 1940" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p>German stamps depicting Paul Ehrlich and Emil von Behring</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2FjdxZhI4gAO9o8ae4MKTo472jmzmpVt0d8VoP3-4DGXf6OHvlLrefXP-SvI_ScEv5R_Z4_Hbf7UZkNlWqKFxn20St3B317KuhhyphenhyphenGGjMnALg8B-zQT80g-bPNs8wwYbX6sxCG/s500/Germany+Nobel+Prize+Paul+Ehrlich+and+Emil+von+Behring+1954.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany Nobel Prize Paul Ehrlich and Emil von Behring" border="0" data-original-height="431" data-original-width="500" height="276" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2FjdxZhI4gAO9o8ae4MKTo472jmzmpVt0d8VoP3-4DGXf6OHvlLrefXP-SvI_ScEv5R_Z4_Hbf7UZkNlWqKFxn20St3B317KuhhyphenhyphenGGjMnALg8B-zQT80g-bPNs8wwYbX6sxCG/w320-h276/Germany+Nobel+Prize+Paul+Ehrlich+and+Emil+von+Behring+1954.jpg" title="Germany Nobel Prize Paul Ehrlich and Emil von Behring" width="320" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqV_GWF938TANhuhdOLat97cA8DPCFnTHuOMyDDuNZC4gTRraDh3K4phRBx9ChcF_vJzCojyNpjYV0tpAcETE5g1Np_IfTJIr7nx7MYFXB1J4LRu3jfa6zi793aEC8dWMq4YJs/s799/Germany+Nobel+Prize+Paul+Ehrlich+and+Emil+von+Behring.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Germany Nobel Prize Paul Ehrlich and Emil von Behring" border="0" data-original-height="485" data-original-width="799" height="243" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqV_GWF938TANhuhdOLat97cA8DPCFnTHuOMyDDuNZC4gTRraDh3K4phRBx9ChcF_vJzCojyNpjYV0tpAcETE5g1Np_IfTJIr7nx7MYFXB1J4LRu3jfa6zi793aEC8dWMq4YJs/w400-h243/Germany+Nobel+Prize+Paul+Ehrlich+and+Emil+von+Behring.jpg" title="Germany Nobel Prize Paul Ehrlich and Emil von Behring" width="400" /></a></div><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>Literature: Sully Prudhomme, French poet and critic</b></p><p>René François Armand (Sully) Prudhomme (16 March 1839 – 6 September 1907) was a French poet and essayist. He was the first winner of the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1901.</p><p>Born in Paris, Prudhomme originally studied to be an engineer, but turned to philosophy and later to poetry; he declared it as his intention to create scientific poetry for modern times. In character sincere and melancholic, he was linked to the Parnassus school, although, at the same time, his work displays characteristics of its own.</p><p>His first collection, Stances et Poèmes ("Stanzas and Poems", 1865), was praised by Sainte-Beuve. It included his most famous poem, Le vase brisé. He published more poetry before the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War. This war, which he discussed in Impressions de la guerre (1872) and La France (1874), permanently damaged his health.</p><p>During his career, Prudhomme gradually shifted from the sentimental style of his first books towards a more personal style which unified the formality of the Parnassus school with his interest in philosophical and scientific subjects. One of his inspirations was clearly Lucretius's De rerum natura, whose first book he translated into verse. His philosophy was expressed in La Justice (1878) and Le Bonheur (1888). The extreme economy of means employed in these poems has, however, usually been judged as compromising their poetical quality without advancing their claims as works of philosophy. He was elected to the Académie française in 1881. Another distinction, Chevalier de la Légion d’honneur, was to follow in 1895.</p><p>After, Le Bonheur, Prudhomme turned from poetry to write essays on aesthetics and philosophy. He published two important essays: L'Expression dans les beaux-arts (1884) and Réflexions sur l'art des vers (1892), a series of articles on Blaise Pascal in La Revue des Deux Mondes (1890), and an article on free will (La Psychologie du Libre-Arbitre, 1906) in the Revue de métaphysique et de morale.</p><p>At the end of his life, his poor health (which had troubled him ever since 1870) forced him to live almost as a recluse at Châtenay-Malabry, suffering attacks of paralysis while continuing to work on essays. He died suddenly on 6 September 1907, and was buried at Père-Lachaise in Paris.</p><p><br /></p><p>French stamp and First Day Cover depicting Sully Prudhomme</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7OAITNeBTYl2XTJjDMjbOT5uKBPtW41IL3Gg2nZWkhECRwzwmUcdEIpiU9D7ee26YiN_3-6JVlSeaNF34k1kJTJDcqqp4kqxxXL4BN_KQWk5WApjNrNCRAAOI2heJtH2QcxB8/s1533/France+2007+-+Death+of+Sully+Prudhomme+Poet.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France 2007 - Death of Sully Prudhomme Poet" border="0" data-original-height="1533" data-original-width="1189" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh7OAITNeBTYl2XTJjDMjbOT5uKBPtW41IL3Gg2nZWkhECRwzwmUcdEIpiU9D7ee26YiN_3-6JVlSeaNF34k1kJTJDcqqp4kqxxXL4BN_KQWk5WApjNrNCRAAOI2heJtH2QcxB8/w248-h320/France+2007+-+Death+of+Sully+Prudhomme+Poet.jpg" title="France 2007 - Death of Sully Prudhomme Poet" width="248" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAEVg4VOdgrrq1L8-CMCQczrUkiPXQRlshZr5DxvLUQqUHClxIJ4UziwkPad1mgidTvj0Ft3d_0jjQdnVc4sp7DigfZVjKk8Z0xMAQ7bbj5ifziro3V5A9rFAQDy_m0_EWp9Xr/s1488/Sully+Prudhomme+France+2007+Envelope+Cover+1er+Day+FDC.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Sully Prudhomme France 2007 Envelope Cover 1er Day FDC" border="0" data-original-height="834" data-original-width="1488" height="358" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiAEVg4VOdgrrq1L8-CMCQczrUkiPXQRlshZr5DxvLUQqUHClxIJ4UziwkPad1mgidTvj0Ft3d_0jjQdnVc4sp7DigfZVjKk8Z0xMAQ7bbj5ifziro3V5A9rFAQDy_m0_EWp9Xr/w640-h358/Sully+Prudhomme+France+2007+Envelope+Cover+1er+Day+FDC.jpg" title="Sully Prudhomme France 2007 Envelope Cover 1er Day FDC" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><b><br /></b></p><p><b>Peace: Henry Dunant, Swiss businessman and activist, co-founded the Red Cross</b><br /><br />Henry Dunant (born Jean-Henri Dunant; 8 May 1828 – 30 October 1910), also known as Henri Dunant, was a Swiss humanitarian, businessman and social activist. He was the visionary, promoter and co-founder of the Red Cross.<br /><br />During a business trip in 1859, Dunant was witness to the aftermath of the Battle of Solferino in modern-day Italy. He recorded his memories and experiences in the book A Memory of Solferino which inspired the creation of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) in 1863. The 1864 Geneva Convention was based on Dunant's idea for an independent organisation to care for wounded soldiers.<br /><br />Dunant was the founder of the Swiss branch of the Young Men's Christian Association YMCA.<br /><br />In 1901 he received the first Nobel Peace Prize together with Frédéric Passy, making Dunant the first Swiss Nobel laureate.<br /><br />Stamps from various countries issued to commemorate Dunant and the Red Cross<br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu-QxUgEYa0-Ui-HPZ129a5eBMlFYRwdVlYlXDoNPe4yMFvL7HvZFgIR21H_DPC6FcEp1oxIF3SLfwC_WALs7CtUUHXREUwaa1LKfi0vFj_KiaVClTC3R-5i04d8_rsU3fRR5X/s1600/Henri+Dunant%252C+Red+Cross+Founder+France+FDC.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Henri Dunant, Red Cross Founder France FDC" border="0" data-original-height="822" data-original-width="1490" height="352" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhu-QxUgEYa0-Ui-HPZ129a5eBMlFYRwdVlYlXDoNPe4yMFvL7HvZFgIR21H_DPC6FcEp1oxIF3SLfwC_WALs7CtUUHXREUwaa1LKfi0vFj_KiaVClTC3R-5i04d8_rsU3fRR5X/s640/Henri+Dunant%252C+Red+Cross+Founder+France+FDC.jpg" title="Henri Dunant, Red Cross Founder France FDC" width="640" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipby1OIxQo8qbMjcy_yq-hMy4MUkezDPpueUC6afnS4F6YqSAzxEdKxhte-KtD8HZsmfxuDlf4Cwl8NgpMm7vQ2og2NaCCZeWaqoOS9xUZcA9ANqYcb9Pe147S-_nYbeX1ZCR-/s1600/Henri+Dunant%252C+Red+Cross+Founder+France.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Henri Dunant, Red Cross Founder France" border="0" data-original-height="1465" data-original-width="977" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEipby1OIxQo8qbMjcy_yq-hMy4MUkezDPpueUC6afnS4F6YqSAzxEdKxhte-KtD8HZsmfxuDlf4Cwl8NgpMm7vQ2og2NaCCZeWaqoOS9xUZcA9ANqYcb9Pe147S-_nYbeX1ZCR-/s320/Henri+Dunant%252C+Red+Cross+Founder+France.jpg" title="Henri Dunant, Red Cross Founder France" width="213" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnh9Pf52MViXbG3mWIc7LM-jRuRIPDmyswwd06zcS4Gv8WCwZzRI8bjsTSY6fIu9AOj63pEwd-EUISsZPjf2Sj5kDjEOYBwb3un5u0hpEJQtrArW0yt-LPtLJY7WwhZtMp_cRE/s1600/Henri+Dunant%252C+Red+Cross+Founder+Germany.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Henri Dunant, Red Cross Founder Germany" border="0" data-original-height="425" data-original-width="361" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgnh9Pf52MViXbG3mWIc7LM-jRuRIPDmyswwd06zcS4Gv8WCwZzRI8bjsTSY6fIu9AOj63pEwd-EUISsZPjf2Sj5kDjEOYBwb3un5u0hpEJQtrArW0yt-LPtLJY7WwhZtMp_cRE/s320/Henri+Dunant%252C+Red+Cross+Founder+Germany.jpg" title="Henri Dunant, Red Cross Founder Germany" width="271" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2wNZPpkzsyBsntL5-zOYfD2ltZCA1Snw6N5qnG0CFnAGDoTOuO_nVRwSAcoF4RysM0AnXFW9Blir3c5eRuznb6qrjFasq4OEon07_1CntvEyzsXC3xuY5DIRfJlebIVVk8Adl/s1600/Henri+Dunant%252C+Red+Cross+Founder+Saar.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Henri Dunant, Red Cross Founder Saar" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="351" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj2wNZPpkzsyBsntL5-zOYfD2ltZCA1Snw6N5qnG0CFnAGDoTOuO_nVRwSAcoF4RysM0AnXFW9Blir3c5eRuznb6qrjFasq4OEon07_1CntvEyzsXC3xuY5DIRfJlebIVVk8Adl/s320/Henri+Dunant%252C+Red+Cross+Founder+Saar.jpg" title="Henri Dunant, Red Cross Founder Saar" width="224" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoO9lfAhAEPUsYAgsp3ZQUkdCHNIsf-tQ7dQc0_Go4ezXOfzFFvGsZ0l_N5Quqv4h73Lvh_afmFsjPRBZwL7aSM7BYo21BbnsbhMJgJ10we8u0yQvhNytPzRY-O-zZ5KvqIowz/s1600/Henri+Dunant%252C+Red+Cross+Founder+West+Germany.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Henri Dunant, Red Cross Founder West Germany" border="0" data-original-height="1390" data-original-width="1162" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgoO9lfAhAEPUsYAgsp3ZQUkdCHNIsf-tQ7dQc0_Go4ezXOfzFFvGsZ0l_N5Quqv4h73Lvh_afmFsjPRBZwL7aSM7BYo21BbnsbhMJgJ10we8u0yQvhNytPzRY-O-zZ5KvqIowz/s320/Henri+Dunant%252C+Red+Cross+Founder+West+Germany.jpg" title="Henri Dunant, Red Cross Founder West Germany" width="267" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><b>Peace: Frédéric Passy, French economist and academic</b></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Frédéric Passy (20 May 1822 – 12 June 1912) was a French economist and pacifist who was a founding member of several peace societies and the Inter-Parliamentary Union. He was also an author and politician, sitting in the Chamber of Deputies from 1881 until 1889. He was a joint winner of the Nobel Peace Prize in 1901 for his work in the European peace movement.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Born in Paris to a prominent Catholic and Orléanist family, Passy was surrounded by military veterans and politicians. After training in law, he worked as an accountant and served in the National Guard. He soon left this position and began travelling around France giving lectures on economics. Following years of violent conflicts across Europe, Passy joined the peace movement in the 1850s, working with several notable activists and writers to develop journals, articles, and educational curricula.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">While sitting in the Chamber of Deputies, Passy developed the Inter-parliamentary Conference (later the Inter-Parliamentary Union) with British MP William Randal Cremer. Alongside this, he founded several peace societies: the Ligue Internationale et Permanente de la Paix, the Société Française des Amis de la Paix, and the Société Française pour l'Arbitrage entre Nations. Passy's work in the peace movement continued into his later years, and in 1901, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize alongside Red Cross founder, Henry Dunant.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Passy died in 1912 after a long period of illness and incapacitation. Despite his economic works gaining little traction, his efforts in the peace movement resulted in him being recognised as the "dean of European peace activists".:34 His son, Paul Passy, published a memoir of his life in 1927, and his works are still being republished and translated into English in the 21st Century.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;">Stamps from Norway depicting Frederic Passy and Henri Dunant</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2_dGiO_1FblJupXfUrszmF_OITReVZi-MUx4qIrYdJzZ1e0rzktKINsKFLla2zPGSOhWUYh-YqZoKVdfShYPFMkVo27SyTs_44RTn_hJ4AbUJlgZdDrpnEYyHVvfJWBmIq7ph/s500/Norway+1961+-+Frederic+Passy%252C+Henri+Dunant.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Norway 1961 - Frederic Passy, Henri Dunant" border="0" data-original-height="402" data-original-width="500" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2_dGiO_1FblJupXfUrszmF_OITReVZi-MUx4qIrYdJzZ1e0rzktKINsKFLla2zPGSOhWUYh-YqZoKVdfShYPFMkVo27SyTs_44RTn_hJ4AbUJlgZdDrpnEYyHVvfJWBmIq7ph/w400-h321/Norway+1961+-+Frederic+Passy%252C+Henri+Dunant.jpg" title="Norway 1961 - Frederic Passy, Henri Dunant" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDF4VKFVYbAvg1d2ED8zm1wlrbbrko3m9b13jHUlRef2ysRCAJ4-Tv4w4hB4d1-MOhUb7cQAIdkHvPf05As9a9EPH_C8RRgunOqLIxS2HdWoeAkofwUmyu_RroNMy4knAW_7N9/s500/Norway+1961+-+Frederic+Passy%252C+Henri+Dunant+1kr.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Norway 1961 - Frederic Passy, Henri Dunant" border="0" data-original-height="402" data-original-width="500" height="321" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhDF4VKFVYbAvg1d2ED8zm1wlrbbrko3m9b13jHUlRef2ysRCAJ4-Tv4w4hB4d1-MOhUb7cQAIdkHvPf05As9a9EPH_C8RRgunOqLIxS2HdWoeAkofwUmyu_RroNMy4knAW_7N9/w400-h321/Norway+1961+-+Frederic+Passy%252C+Henri+Dunant+1kr.jpg" title="Norway 1961 - Frederic Passy, Henri Dunant" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><br /></div></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-73752952906494313382021-06-30T07:01:00.003-07:002021-08-11T06:22:29.232-07:00June 30th in stamps Walter Ulbricht, John William Strutt<p>Here are some events that happened on June 30th. It could be an event or a person that died or was born on that day</p><p><br /></p><p><b>1893 Born: Walter Ulbricht, German soldier and politician (d. 1973)</b></p><p>Walter Ernst Paul Ulbricht (June 1893 – 1 August 1973) was a German communist politician. Ulbricht played a leading role in the creation of the Weimar-era Communist Party of Germany (KPD) and later (after spending the years of Nazi rule in exile in France and the Soviet Union) in the early development and establishment of the German Democratic Republic in East Germany. As the First Secretary of the Socialist Unity Party from 1950 to 1971, he was the chief decision-maker in East Germany. From President Wilhelm Pieck's death in 1960 on, he was also the East German head of state until his own death in 1973. As the firm leader of the strongest and most important Communist satellite, Ulbricht had a degree of bargaining power with the Kremlin that he used effectively. For example he demanded the building of the Berlin Wall in 1961 when the Kremlin was reluctant.</p><p>Ulbricht began his political life during the German Empire, when he joined first the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) in 1912, the anti-World War I Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (USPD) in 1917 and deserted the Imperial German Army in 1918. He joined the Communist Party of Germany in 1920 and became a leading party functionary, serving in its Central Committee from 1923 onward. After the Nazi takeover of Germany in 1933, Ulbricht lived in Paris and Prague from 1933 to 1937 and in the Soviet Union from 1937 to 1945.</p><p>After the end of World War II, Ulbricht re-organized the German Communist Party in the Soviet occupation zone along Stalinist lines. He played a key role in the forcible merger of the KPD and SPD into the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) in 1946. He became the First Secretary of the SED and effective leader of the recently established East Germany in 1950. The Soviet Army occupation force violently suppressed the uprising of 1953 in East Germany on 17 June 1953, while Ulbricht hid in the Soviet Army headquarters in Berlin-Karlshorst. East Germany joined the Soviet-controlled Warsaw Pact upon its founding in 1955. Ulbricht presided over the total suppression of civil and political rights in the East German state, which functioned as a communist-ruled dictatorship from its founding in 1949 onward.</p><p>The nationalization of East German industry under Ulbricht failed to raise the standard of living to a level comparable to that of West Germany. The result was massive emigration, with hundreds of thousands of people fleeing the country to the west every year in the 1950s. When Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev gave permission for a wall to stop the outflow in Berlin, Ulbricht had the Berlin Wall built in 1961, which triggered a diplomatic crisis and succeeded in curtailing emigration. The failures of Ulbricht's New Economic System and Economic System of Socialism from 1963 to 1970 led to his forcible retirement for "health reasons" and replacement as First Secretary in 1971 by Erich Honecker with Soviet approval. Ulbricht suffered a stroke and died in 1973.</p><p><br /></p><p>East German stamps depicting Walter Ulbricht</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJP6oBrdfEOar_oIkROtVRaZovMKTFQzsd_s5k0IXA4MzuuOOi8emvZ5VRj9i3Llx2c1yDzywn-KpinicXJd-p3cNpaHpg5lrm_2AfnhfpzCsLfwFDP5LeD_xM_xk3ubRftoOb/s400/East+Germany+DDR+1961+Walter+Ulbricht.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="East Germany DDR 1961 Walter Ulbricht" border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="341" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJP6oBrdfEOar_oIkROtVRaZovMKTFQzsd_s5k0IXA4MzuuOOi8emvZ5VRj9i3Llx2c1yDzywn-KpinicXJd-p3cNpaHpg5lrm_2AfnhfpzCsLfwFDP5LeD_xM_xk3ubRftoOb/w273-h320/East+Germany+DDR+1961+Walter+Ulbricht.jpg" title="East Germany DDR 1961 Walter Ulbricht" width="273" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXNnHd36Wa-EQoyBgZYE1QcsK0fH6HCJ7viYvd1FtPZAo1rSOlhTMopuEBRZaf3Lc0wn9vtS7gEFbM5Um1qeC1524EU5hxdoQuRvC5VdGvRloeG-T5Ag-B5KgSOxzPA3KbewCx/s1600/DDR+1961-1973+Chairman+Walter+Ulbricht+Set.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="DDR 1961-1973 Chairman Walter Ulbricht Set" border="0" data-original-height="598" data-original-width="1600" height="240" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiXNnHd36Wa-EQoyBgZYE1QcsK0fH6HCJ7viYvd1FtPZAo1rSOlhTMopuEBRZaf3Lc0wn9vtS7gEFbM5Um1qeC1524EU5hxdoQuRvC5VdGvRloeG-T5Ag-B5KgSOxzPA3KbewCx/w640-h240/DDR+1961-1973+Chairman+Walter+Ulbricht+Set.jpg" title="DDR 1961-1973 Chairman Walter Ulbricht Set" width="640" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><div><b>1919 Died: John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh, English physicist and academic, Nobel Prize laureate (b. </b><b>1842</b><b>)</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div><div>John William Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh(12 November 1842 – 30 June 1919), was a British scientist who made extensive contributions to both theoretical and experimental physics. He spent all of his academic career at the University of Cambridge. Among many honors, he received the 1904 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his investigations of the densities of the most important gases and for his discovery of argon in connection with these studies." He served as President of the Royal Society from 1905 to 1908 and as Chancellor of the University of Cambridge from 1908 to 1919.</div><div><br /></div><div>Rayleigh provided the first theoretical treatment of the elastic scattering of light by particles much smaller than the light's wavelength, a phenomenon now known as "Rayleigh scattering", which notably explains why the sky is blue. He studied and described transverse surface waves in solids, now known as "Rayleigh waves". He contributed extensively to fluid dynamics, with concepts such as the Rayleigh number (a dimensionless number associated with natural convection), Rayleigh flow, the Rayleigh–Taylor instability, and Rayleigh's criterion for the stability of Taylor–Couette flow. He also formulated the circulation theory of aerodynamic lift. In optics, Rayleigh proposed a well known criterion for angular resolution. His derivation of the Rayleigh–Jeans law for classical black-body radiation later played an important role in the birth of quantum mechanics (see Ultraviolet catastrophe). Rayleigh's textbook The Theory of Sound (1877) is still used today by acousticians and engineers.</div><div><br /></div><div>Stamp issued by Guinea Bissau depicting Lord Rayleigh</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizA3zUjLnkdPuEezkXTSJarJtDTjUGq_LWuX6N10y95vDd43V6rvph0m6-oQtGOcazDNUc1kMkx-QaKeULhaWuigPUNcNMPnOH-tO7IVdm9UYELt3kexqj8ych22GYocKdJre3/s922/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Physics+John+William+Strutt+Rayleigh.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Physics John William Strutt Rayleigh" border="0" data-original-height="922" data-original-width="888" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEizA3zUjLnkdPuEezkXTSJarJtDTjUGq_LWuX6N10y95vDd43V6rvph0m6-oQtGOcazDNUc1kMkx-QaKeULhaWuigPUNcNMPnOH-tO7IVdm9UYELt3kexqj8ych22GYocKdJre3/w308-h320/Guinea+Bissau+Nobel+Prize+Physics+John+William+Strutt+Rayleigh.jpg" title="Guinea Bissau Nobel Prize Physics John William Strutt Rayleigh" width="308" /></a></div></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-45633706147199177072021-06-29T04:40:00.000-07:002021-06-29T04:40:08.713-07:00June 29th in stamps Jacques Cartier is the first European to reach Prince Edward Island, Peter I of Serbia, George Washington Goethals<p>Here are some events that happened on June 29th. It could be an event or a person that died or was born on that day</p><p><b><br /></b></p><p><b>1534 – Jacques Cartier is the first European to reach Prince Edward Island.</b></p><p>Jacques Cartier (December 31, 1491 – September 1, 1557) was a Breton explorer who claimed what is now Canada for France. Jacques Cartier was the first European to describe and map the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the shores of the Saint Lawrence River, which he named "The Country of Canadas", after the Iroquois names for the two big settlements he saw at Stadacona (Quebec City) and at Hochelaga (Montreal Island).<br /><br />Some stamps and a First Day Cover from France and Canada depicting Jacques Cartier<br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhSoSIHfi-Ac5Fare90x-WMFTJtzuTEsBrUR2lU6w9N9YFrYItbxBElZKxnWWpUuE-pEUUycQ0oY1QsBBJhvAD1Dvmkn1zvm7Z5D3f2jjr_mVZuJjbAFdiXepooEhQf67BOX4e/s1600/Canada+%25231011+FDC+Jacques+Cartier+1984+Dual+Joint+France+%25231923.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Canada #1011 FDC Jacques Cartier 1984 Dual Joint France #1923" border="0" data-original-height="1000" data-original-width="1600" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjhSoSIHfi-Ac5Fare90x-WMFTJtzuTEsBrUR2lU6w9N9YFrYItbxBElZKxnWWpUuE-pEUUycQ0oY1QsBBJhvAD1Dvmkn1zvm7Z5D3f2jjr_mVZuJjbAFdiXepooEhQf67BOX4e/s640/Canada+%25231011+FDC+Jacques+Cartier+1984+Dual+Joint+France+%25231923.jpg" title="Canada #1011 FDC Jacques Cartier 1984 Dual Joint France #1923" width="640" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-YsWUO_2KZd9MkMf8CGAcEgIYMJXtbpd59wavfr7gfRSZbp8UUBEMdSvv_rhdM5ZOJhWU2KrEGdglhyxsCXDDXpm-MPhV-RN84Pib782_CTpaWCsFxI5vU6FuGysQys-qz6Xb/s1600/CANADA+STAMP+7+%25E2%2580%2594+10p+CARTIER+-+1855.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="CANADA STAMP 7 — 10p CARTIER - 1855" border="0" data-original-height="1394" data-original-width="1147" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi-YsWUO_2KZd9MkMf8CGAcEgIYMJXtbpd59wavfr7gfRSZbp8UUBEMdSvv_rhdM5ZOJhWU2KrEGdglhyxsCXDDXpm-MPhV-RN84Pib782_CTpaWCsFxI5vU6FuGysQys-qz6Xb/s400/CANADA+STAMP+7+%25E2%2580%2594+10p+CARTIER+-+1855.jpg" title="CANADA STAMP 7 — 10p CARTIER - 1855" width="328" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrQr6EGwiKTaaM39MUHeBvSjHGm1CH3yHrJGfkCI9QBKRUR0Gj3jELnLhtwjtOeG-OmMUqsootdsGL_p4Vu2jZ-We1sArbCB-eSAWkmjcSnRjAvQfDsUofgug0p38icFVkYFL6/s1600/France+1934+Fourth+Centenary+of+Cartier.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France 1934 Fourth Centenary of Cartier" border="0" data-original-height="692" data-original-width="1008" height="273" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgrQr6EGwiKTaaM39MUHeBvSjHGm1CH3yHrJGfkCI9QBKRUR0Gj3jELnLhtwjtOeG-OmMUqsootdsGL_p4Vu2jZ-We1sArbCB-eSAWkmjcSnRjAvQfDsUofgug0p38icFVkYFL6/s400/France+1934+Fourth+Centenary+of+Cartier.jpg" title="France 1934 Fourth Centenary of Cartier" width="400" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5sHJI1BXkrSt66Klq2amRL2YDk-dE10bef3pXIKPyRX819eV1na490yP2i8AHYCafvMvdrnFdN13ouMhsEX19GQpUaBNCc3joMxpp2HRUDjj-ba9l7ILEp-jZZIJT1EezMvDi/s1600/Fleet+of+Cartier.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="The Fleet of Cartier Canada 1908" border="0" data-original-height="660" data-original-width="944" height="278" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi5sHJI1BXkrSt66Klq2amRL2YDk-dE10bef3pXIKPyRX819eV1na490yP2i8AHYCafvMvdrnFdN13ouMhsEX19GQpUaBNCc3joMxpp2HRUDjj-ba9l7ILEp-jZZIJT1EezMvDi/s400/Fleet+of+Cartier.jpg" title="The Fleet of Cartier Canada 1908" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p><b>1844 Born: Peter I of Serbia (d. 1921)</b></p><p>Peter I (Serbian Cyrillic: Петар I Карађорђевић, romanized: Petar I Кarađorđević; 11 July 1844 – 16 August 1921) reigned as the last king of Serbia (1903–1918) and as the first king of the Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918–1921). Since he was the king of Serbia during a period of great Serbian military success, he was remembered by the Serbian people as King Peter the Liberator, and also as Old King.</p><p>Peter was Karađorđe's grandson and third son of Persida Nenadović and Prince Alexander Karađorđević, who was forced to abdicate. Peter lived with his family in exile. He fought with the French Foreign Legion in the Franco-Prussian War. He joined as a volunteer under the alias Peter Mrkonjić in the Herzegovina Uprising (1875–77) against the Ottoman Empire.</p><p>He married Princess Zorka of Montenegro, daughter of King Nicholas, in 1883. She gave birth to his five children, including Prince Alexander. After the death of his father in 1885, Peter became head of the Karađorđević dynasty. After a military coup d'état and the murder of King Alexander I Obrenović in 1903, Peter became King of Serbia.</p><p>As king, he advocated a constitutional setup for the country and was famous for his libertarian politics. Rule of king Peter was marked with the great exercise of political liberties, freedom of the press, national, economical and cultural rise, and it is sometimes dubbed "golden" or "Periclean age".</p><p>King Peter was the supreme commander of the Serbian army in the Balkan wars. Because of his age, on 24 June 1914, he proclaimed his son, Alexander, heir-apparent to the throne, as regent. In the First World War he and his army retreated across the Principality of Albania.</p><p>Stamps from Serbia and Yugoslavia (Kingdom of S.H.S.) depicting Peter I of Serbia </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihLt_zl_9id163YgWYK1EFfvIaD-cc5pBlunlLtX-Bp74aennkEnFr9DrcWbDnrYgTUegK048UhRs5ZcnhKMR5cMpvHsRisJMpN68P4KWrSC9M0UY0dw1XHAik75Ztn6pFG6Z8/s744/Serbia+1911%252C+King+Peter+I.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Serbia 1911, King Peter I" border="0" data-original-height="744" data-original-width="608" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEihLt_zl_9id163YgWYK1EFfvIaD-cc5pBlunlLtX-Bp74aennkEnFr9DrcWbDnrYgTUegK048UhRs5ZcnhKMR5cMpvHsRisJMpN68P4KWrSC9M0UY0dw1XHAik75Ztn6pFG6Z8/w262-h320/Serbia+1911%252C+King+Peter+I.jpg" title="Serbia 1911, King Peter I" width="262" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjy6EoYYqydqxNWVB1rgyDh2gdcGHhZ8W91U_TYQvzqoQRCv9Jb1d4wdV2-tV4rtnPdV8uLeoc_xToXt90HeO6TJN0Dh5MKKDlmrINisGHISnt4qDJbriNpLwKOIu72nz_utGKM/s856/Yugoslavia+1920+-+%2527+King+Peter+I.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Yugoslavia 1920 - King Peter I" border="0" data-original-height="856" data-original-width="624" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjy6EoYYqydqxNWVB1rgyDh2gdcGHhZ8W91U_TYQvzqoQRCv9Jb1d4wdV2-tV4rtnPdV8uLeoc_xToXt90HeO6TJN0Dh5MKKDlmrINisGHISnt4qDJbriNpLwKOIu72nz_utGKM/w291-h400/Yugoslavia+1920+-+%2527+King+Peter+I.jpg" title="Yugoslavia 1920 - King Peter I" width="291" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit6TpCNLoHxrws7B9YL0V9MhEgdEs_j6_MIskuRjkpJag0hTqbKMkG22TLhrzDM34xBdm0OcayIzKH-efC2zvvGbx72sqCeK-Ysg4MrG_7aUume0U-ifMkJAEjhEr1XRm7BMfa/s1600/Yugoslavia+1920+King+Peter+I+10+Dinar.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Yugoslavia 1920 King Peter I 10 Dinar" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1165" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEit6TpCNLoHxrws7B9YL0V9MhEgdEs_j6_MIskuRjkpJag0hTqbKMkG22TLhrzDM34xBdm0OcayIzKH-efC2zvvGbx72sqCeK-Ysg4MrG_7aUume0U-ifMkJAEjhEr1XRm7BMfa/w291-h400/Yugoslavia+1920+King+Peter+I+10+Dinar.jpg" title="Yugoslavia 1920 King Peter I 10 Dinar" width="291" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><b>1858 Born: George Washington Goethals, American general and engineer, co-designed the Panama Canal (d. 1928)</b></p><p>George Washington Goethals (June 29, 1858 – January 21, 1928) was a United States Army General and civil engineer, best known for his administration and supervision of the construction and the opening of the Panama Canal. He was the State Engineer of New Jersey and the Acting Quartermaster General of the United States Army</p><p>The Panama Canal (Spanish: Canal de Panamá) is an artificial 82 km (51 mi) waterway in Panama that connects the Atlantic Ocean with the Pacific Ocean. The canal cuts across the Isthmus of Panama and is a conduit for maritime trade. Canal locks are at each end to lift ships up to Gatun Lake, an artificial lake created to reduce the amount of excavation work required for the canal, 26 m (85 ft) above sea level, and then lower the ships at the other end. The original locks are 32.5 m (110 ft) wide. A third, wider lane of locks was constructed between September 2007 and May 2016. The expanded canal began commercial operation on June 26, 2016. The new locks allow transit of larger, neo-Panamax ships, capable of handling more cargo.<br /><br />The construction of the Panama Canal is where the expression "Another Day, Another Dollar" comes from, as the workers were rumored to be paid a dollar a day for their<br /><br />France began work on the canal in 1881, but stopped because of engineering problems and a high worker mortality rate. The United States took over the project in 1904 and opened the canal on August 15, 1914. One of the largest and most difficult engineering projects ever undertaken, the Panama Canal shortcut greatly reduced the time for ships to travel between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, enabling them to avoid the lengthy, hazardous Cape Horn route around the southernmost tip of South America via the Drake Passage or Strait of Magellan and the even less popular route through the Arctic Archipelago and the Bering Strait.<br /><br />Colombia, France, and later the United States controlled the territory surrounding the canal during construction. The US continued to control the canal and surrounding Panama Canal Zone until the 1977 Torrijos–Carter Treaties provided for handover to Panama. After a period of joint American–Panamanian control, in 1999, the canal was taken over by the Panamanian government. It is now managed and operated by the government-owned Panama Canal Authority.<br /><br />Annual traffic has risen from about 1,000 ships in 1914, when the canal opened, to 14,702 vessels in 2008, for a total of 333.7 million Panama Canal/Universal Measurement System (PC/UMS) tons. By 2012, more than 815,000 vessels had passed through the canal. It takes 11.38 hours to pass through the Panama Canal.The American Society of Civil Engineers has ranked the Panama Canal one of the seven wonders of the modern world<br /><br />Various stamps depicting the Panama Canal<br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPyUe-U43EXPUiTXdppr0K40lePEUmpK1NwLUagN5PJzY8E-T5G_FQz_NjMq3BsJqtOo58ZPozTwSJKXMJ-I0XKvNIK32e79FdD4JTjODuowMwsSsyAWNAVeG7HgYzsaIs6lnv/s1600/USA+2c+Panama+Canal.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="USA 2c Panama Canal" border="0" data-original-height="368" data-original-width="482" height="244" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPyUe-U43EXPUiTXdppr0K40lePEUmpK1NwLUagN5PJzY8E-T5G_FQz_NjMq3BsJqtOo58ZPozTwSJKXMJ-I0XKvNIK32e79FdD4JTjODuowMwsSsyAWNAVeG7HgYzsaIs6lnv/s320/USA+2c+Panama+Canal.jpg" title="USA 2c Panama Canal" width="320" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgIrkZVwAiEZW01mEgfnZfB8ERiu7n8zjq2-Fcsfgbzu2OBlJyivLgmbl9J32RvfozR5N4DAN_dVo65J_uvWEoZgkc3ZhelB3rR-V57ev3TI_6cg6r100cgWhniI3ZUuruMSlU/s1600/Canal+Zone+Airmail+Panama+Canal.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Canal Zone Airmail Panama Canal" border="0" data-original-height="650" data-original-width="987" height="210" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjgIrkZVwAiEZW01mEgfnZfB8ERiu7n8zjq2-Fcsfgbzu2OBlJyivLgmbl9J32RvfozR5N4DAN_dVo65J_uvWEoZgkc3ZhelB3rR-V57ev3TI_6cg6r100cgWhniI3ZUuruMSlU/s320/Canal+Zone+Airmail+Panama+Canal.jpg" title="Canal Zone Airmail Panama Canal" width="320" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2KvMBh0cvXoTPR63Msl1S29zIHl1uf-qKjrJ27PKfJsNErvuRN2bycHFC6Xy-7QDN9PlfFPOuu-yvknbE1SgV_ADnWpxEdaMYCIB25UZt1AXNjI952MHhajjUarCrPZ-ASHTZ/s1600/Panama+Canal+Opens+1998.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Panama Canal Opens 1998" border="0" data-original-height="762" data-original-width="787" height="309" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2KvMBh0cvXoTPR63Msl1S29zIHl1uf-qKjrJ27PKfJsNErvuRN2bycHFC6Xy-7QDN9PlfFPOuu-yvknbE1SgV_ADnWpxEdaMYCIB25UZt1AXNjI952MHhajjUarCrPZ-ASHTZ/s320/Panama+Canal+Opens+1998.jpg" title="Panama Canal Opens 1998" width="320" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><br />Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-79710490785233394382021-06-28T06:00:00.000-07:002021-06-28T06:00:18.287-07:00June 28th in stamps Jean-Jacques Rousseau, James Madison, Coronation of Queen Victoria <p>Here are some events that happened on June 28th. It could be an event or a person that died or was born on that day</p><p><br /></p><p><b>1712 Born: Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Swiss philosopher and polymath (d. 1778)</b></p><p>Jean-Jacques Rousseau (28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher, writer, and composer. His political philosophy influenced the progress of the Enlightenment throughout Europe, as well as aspects of the French Revolution and the development of modern political, economic, and educational thought.</p><p>His Discourse on Inequality and The Social Contract are cornerstones in modern political and social thought. Rousseau's sentimental novel Julie, or the New Heloise (1761) was important to the development of preromanticism and romanticism in fiction. His Emile, or On Education (1762) is an educational treatise on the place of the individual in society. Rousseau's autobiographical writings—the posthumously published Confessions (composed in 1769), which initiated the modern autobiography, and the unfinished Reveries of the Solitary Walker (composed 1776–1778)—exemplified the late-18th-century "Age of Sensibility", and featured an increased focus on subjectivity and introspection that later characterized modern writing.</p><p>Rousseau befriended fellow philosopher Denis Diderot in 1742, and would later write about Diderot's romantic troubles in his Confessions. During the period of the French Revolution, Rousseau was the most popular of the philosophers among members of the Jacobin Club. He was interred as a national hero in the Panthéon in Paris, in 1794, 16 years after his death.</p><p>Swiss and Russian stamps depicting Jean-Jacques Rousseau</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG__8SRzD-GotS1WfVScZyWBSB8D9YmvZHiVt9Zs6ciYKQRifZP6co4cpfeDGGVAY53vdBFkEBd5Q7bbMbzPzbTknMwIIL3WjQpamYtL6JvDu17_VNToDfjmlrhO0cRud8_yfK/s248/Jean-Jacques+Rousseau%252C+Swiss+philosopher+and+polymath.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Swiss philosopher and polymath" border="0" data-original-height="248" data-original-width="205" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG__8SRzD-GotS1WfVScZyWBSB8D9YmvZHiVt9Zs6ciYKQRifZP6co4cpfeDGGVAY53vdBFkEBd5Q7bbMbzPzbTknMwIIL3WjQpamYtL6JvDu17_VNToDfjmlrhO0cRud8_yfK/s16000/Jean-Jacques+Rousseau%252C+Swiss+philosopher+and+polymath.jpg" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Swiss philosopher and polymath" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYxZjjkcdAYAkWTmkQwcfmTUZy2Gjy9mjPSNKOzUHPAYsXysaV097n63mKiq4drg24uJKcOb05OY5IjgDc0yG0R8Chn3tASCr4rOkKqvh2NC6cH8aD6SgSKacAo6f4UqIZ1QV4/s400/USSR+1962+year+Anniversary+of+Jean-Jacques+Rousseau.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="USSR 1962 year Anniversary of Jean-Jacques Rousseau" border="0" data-original-height="400" data-original-width="286" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYxZjjkcdAYAkWTmkQwcfmTUZy2Gjy9mjPSNKOzUHPAYsXysaV097n63mKiq4drg24uJKcOb05OY5IjgDc0yG0R8Chn3tASCr4rOkKqvh2NC6cH8aD6SgSKacAo6f4UqIZ1QV4/w229-h320/USSR+1962+year+Anniversary+of+Jean-Jacques+Rousseau.jpg" title="USSR 1962 year Anniversary of Jean-Jacques Rousseau" width="229" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><b>1836 Died: James Madison, American academic and politician, 4th President of the United States (b. 1751)</b></p><div><div>James Madison Jr. (March 16, 1751 – June 28, 1836) was an American statesman, lawyer, diplomat, philosopher and Founding Father who served as the fourth president of the United States from 1809 to 1817. He is hailed as the "Father of the Constitution" for his pivotal role in drafting and promoting the Constitution of the United States and the United States Bill of Rights. He co-wrote The Federalist Papers, co-founded the Democratic-Republican Party, and served as the fifth United States secretary of State from 1801 to 1809.</div><div><br /></div><div>Born into a prominent Virginia planter family, Madison served as a member of the Virginia House of Delegates and the Continental Congress during and after the American Revolutionary War. He became dissatisfied with the weak national government established by the Articles of Confederation and helped organize the Constitutional Convention, which produced a new constitution to supplant the Articles of Confederation. Madison's Virginia Plan served as the basis for the Constitutional Convention's deliberations, and he was one of the most influential individuals at the convention. Madison became one of the leaders in the movement to ratify the Constitution, and he joined with Alexander Hamilton and John Jay in writing The Federalist Papers, a series of pro-ratification essays that was one of the most influential works of political science in American history.</div><div><br /></div><div>After the ratification of the Constitution, Madison emerged as an important leader in the United States House of Representatives and served as a close adviser to President George Washington. He was the main force behind the ratification of the United States Bill of Rights, which enshrines guarantees of personal freedoms and rights within the Constitution. During the early 1790s, Madison came to oppose the economic program and accompanying centralization of power favored by Secretary of the Treasury Alexander Hamilton. Along with Thomas Jefferson, Madison organized the Democratic-Republican Party, which was, alongside Hamilton's Federalist Party, one of the nation's first major political parties. After Jefferson won the 1800 presidential election, Madison served as secretary of State from 1801 to 1809. In that position, he supervised the Louisiana Purchase, which doubled the size of the United States.</div><div><br /></div><div>Madison succeeded Jefferson with a victory in the 1808 presidential election. After diplomatic protests and a trade embargo failed to end British attacks against American shipping, he led the United States into the War of 1812. The war was an administrative morass and ended inconclusively, but many Americans saw it as a successful "second war of independence" against Britain. The war convinced Madison of the necessity of a stronger federal government, and he presided over the creation of the Second Bank of the United States and the enactment of the protective Tariff of 1816. He retired from public office in 1817 and died in 1836. Madison is considered to be one of the most important Founding Fathers of the United States, and historians have generally ranked him as an above-average president.</div></div><div><br /></div><div>US stamps depicting Madison</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdm45iiecw3U2lBSFagMmqsaVeeS86aLvVvR8rH6-VDGZpDX-87eOz5QzhiXZqCH6qA6_szWocjOU-jEK2_F8zw1xuuGQJPNoD98d72Hielv6Tccf4HDOg31JjovpHkVuPQ40K/s1600/James+Madison+Scott+277.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="James Madison Scott 277" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="448" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgdm45iiecw3U2lBSFagMmqsaVeeS86aLvVvR8rH6-VDGZpDX-87eOz5QzhiXZqCH6qA6_szWocjOU-jEK2_F8zw1xuuGQJPNoD98d72Hielv6Tccf4HDOg31JjovpHkVuPQ40K/s320/James+Madison+Scott+277.jpg" title="James Madison Scott 277" width="286" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE2FJ0JDsp4yKPuymGLWS9-6RoUwz2bKdhCc7LFyKzHUh3wlvsuzRd1wLu4-yTj7oAOASewOWngjCqpfPVNKJphli4VLoakhLXx7He2qqH6ezysvtrPRpDQsD27XdWG_AgC1EW/s1600/James+Madison+Scott+312.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="James Madison Scott 312" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="456" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgE2FJ0JDsp4yKPuymGLWS9-6RoUwz2bKdhCc7LFyKzHUh3wlvsuzRd1wLu4-yTj7oAOASewOWngjCqpfPVNKJphli4VLoakhLXx7He2qqH6ezysvtrPRpDQsD27XdWG_AgC1EW/s320/James+Madison+Scott+312.jpg" title="James Madison Scott 312" width="291" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYRQGw6x1S1cn0gZwHF8J30WlMiTOfwv3SH-c_4DikfB2hBMtP7qhxT1QuzxieEjbZr8B0HU6-Pu3tnXSZs8_fjbnjuo5VtkHO3FwyeZwa5nmB47Snr9Kjqz97hDC3T9JbqdkC/s1600/808+James+Madison.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="James Madison Scott 808" border="0" data-original-height="644" data-original-width="578" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYRQGw6x1S1cn0gZwHF8J30WlMiTOfwv3SH-c_4DikfB2hBMtP7qhxT1QuzxieEjbZr8B0HU6-Pu3tnXSZs8_fjbnjuo5VtkHO3FwyeZwa5nmB47Snr9Kjqz97hDC3T9JbqdkC/s320/808+James+Madison.jpg" title="James Madison Scott 808" width="287" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1ZGy8kIfCxDd31TQivKGsgQ9SMW8p79p9_PeYvB-4KTz-3LkTz_ns8m_X2LKKPirs7Y6sDoUjodLP_dZxW56zwF0Q__XvWFzDLpWJM9WPXnPRRtdujNGoAjos5gqb_PyZJ1Uo/s1600/994+Madison+Engraved+Centennial+Bureau+Engraving+Printing.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="1994 Madison Engraved Centennial Bureau Engraving Printing" border="0" data-original-height="588" data-original-width="822" height="285" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1ZGy8kIfCxDd31TQivKGsgQ9SMW8p79p9_PeYvB-4KTz-3LkTz_ns8m_X2LKKPirs7Y6sDoUjodLP_dZxW56zwF0Q__XvWFzDLpWJM9WPXnPRRtdujNGoAjos5gqb_PyZJ1Uo/s400/994+Madison+Engraved+Centennial+Bureau+Engraving+Printing.jpg" title="1994 Madison Engraved Centennial Bureau Engraving Printing" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBmouUgf2mcXw5oBo544BwX-heUTDFMvUUw8DqLwwiC5nj2XiCeBcyxQG_NEgtm447rbfGRyhTz3oOuyWo7N_aJF99tErGjXWHolXxFMLZuVsBHkUCIsXM9UoPVbW7MCBIRKTr/s1600/James+Madison+Scott+2001+Sheet.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="James Madison Scott 2001 Sheet" border="0" data-original-height="934" data-original-width="1133" height="328" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBmouUgf2mcXw5oBo544BwX-heUTDFMvUUw8DqLwwiC5nj2XiCeBcyxQG_NEgtm447rbfGRyhTz3oOuyWo7N_aJF99tErGjXWHolXxFMLZuVsBHkUCIsXM9UoPVbW7MCBIRKTr/s400/James+Madison+Scott+2001+Sheet.jpg" title="James Madison Scott 2001 Sheet" width="400" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><p><b>1838 – Coronation of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom.</b></p><div><p>Victoria (Alexandrina Victoria; 24 May 1819 – 22 January 1901) was Queen of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. She adopted the additional title of Empress of India on 1 May 1876. Known as the Victorian era, her reign of 63 years and seven months was longer than that of any of her predecessors. It was a period of industrial, cultural, political, scientific, and military change within the United Kingdom, and was marked by a great expansion of the British Empire.</p><p>Victoria was the daughter of Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn (the fourth son of King George III), and Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld. After both the Duke and his father died in 1820, she was raised under close supervision by her mother and her comptroller, John Conroy. She inherited the throne aged 18 after her father's three elder brothers died without surviving legitimate issue. Though a constitutional monarch, privately, Victoria attempted to influence government policy and ministerial appointments; publicly, she became a national icon who was identified with strict standards of personal morality.</p><p>Victoria married her cousin Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1840. Their children married into royal and noble families across the continent, earning Victoria the sobriquet "the grandmother of Europe" and spreading haemophilia in European royalty. After Albert's death in 1861, Victoria plunged into deep mourning and avoided public appearances. As a result of her seclusion, republicanism in the United Kingdom temporarily gained strength, but in the latter half of her reign, her popularity recovered. Her Golden and Diamond Jubilees were times of public celebration. She died on the Isle of Wight in 1901. The last British monarch of the House of Hanover, she was succeeded by her son Edward VII of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.</p><p><br /></p>Great Britain Penny Black stamps, the first stamps issued in the world</div><div><br /></div><div><br /><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-bv7C9_E7C5R4qsLi-_OaQWHzBi_LpLFtvoUimtfTmezbKEqWmkIwtLzcZbpwUSor5C02O0B6rO6dWfcIiAdshVdgdDoIZuvNVrojRxJ98jDQFASxWLugyQDSFzpNWIRuLBSN/s1600/Penny_black.jpg" style="color: #d07474; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="The Penny Black, the first official adhesive postage stamp" border="0" data-original-height="570" data-original-width="491" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-bv7C9_E7C5R4qsLi-_OaQWHzBi_LpLFtvoUimtfTmezbKEqWmkIwtLzcZbpwUSor5C02O0B6rO6dWfcIiAdshVdgdDoIZuvNVrojRxJ98jDQFASxWLugyQDSFzpNWIRuLBSN/s320/Penny_black.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" title="The Penny Black, the first official adhesive postage stamp" width="275" /></a></div><p><br style="background-color: white; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;" /></p><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfMotYp9zYx6CjH2lvBmIveURttWCQsPHBDEGxu30TqR-iI0jc7xldjQMEgIalwHKRumAYjuP2TEVJc_ak615NJcROYznRprRGUETQ-HZ5KknRDXwnrMdtmTw4cpOh6GpUFgKC/s1600/Penny+Block+sheet.jpg" style="color: #d07474; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="Penny Block sheet" border="0" data-original-height="1080" data-original-width="1159" height="596" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjfMotYp9zYx6CjH2lvBmIveURttWCQsPHBDEGxu30TqR-iI0jc7xldjQMEgIalwHKRumAYjuP2TEVJc_ak615NJcROYznRprRGUETQ-HZ5KknRDXwnrMdtmTw4cpOh6GpUFgKC/s640/Penny+Block+sheet.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" title="Penny Block sheet" width="640" /></a></div><p><br style="background-color: white; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;" /></p><p><span face="Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif" style="background-color: white; color: #5e5e5e; font-size: 14.85px;">Stamp from India and Great Britain showing Empress Victoria </span><br style="background-color: white; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;" /><br style="background-color: white; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px;" /></p><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghJ0YZagZ0od_kBPMQvUF6ZQr3hhB6h_LVYr5FgMFSKn3-ePbWR60K0RJtWt4KQuXhu-9UJ7F6nH12kZ-0J46h0mhL3G6KTbgNDw80vX3S9U5_uUWmwaHYVx01G0o7pdT2A457/s1600/India+Victoria+1895+3rs+brown-green.jpg" style="color: #d07474; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-decoration-line: none;"><img alt="India Victoria 1895 3rs brown-green" border="0" data-original-height="821" data-original-width="718" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEghJ0YZagZ0od_kBPMQvUF6ZQr3hhB6h_LVYr5FgMFSKn3-ePbWR60K0RJtWt4KQuXhu-9UJ7F6nH12kZ-0J46h0mhL3G6KTbgNDw80vX3S9U5_uUWmwaHYVx01G0o7pdT2A457/s320/India+Victoria+1895+3rs+brown-green.jpg" style="border: none; position: relative;" title="India Victoria 1895 3rs brown-green" width="279" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="background-color: white; clear: both; color: #5e5e5e; font-family: Arial, Tahoma, Helvetica, FreeSans, sans-serif; font-size: 14.85px; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8udaXzhqxlAPynEXHZNw02cK6JRJoJM5bMunV6M_X9dNl29w2GvZljjWsiWRN9JDXBJ_wuvus8eZq5eoYedmrlpuUbNgH3PIBbJuPDUJxe7muskZbnQ-t_MsgSnXuSj8DDtlP/s500/Great+Britain+117+Victoria.jpg" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0px; text-align: center;"><img alt="Great Britain 117 Victoria" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="413" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8udaXzhqxlAPynEXHZNw02cK6JRJoJM5bMunV6M_X9dNl29w2GvZljjWsiWRN9JDXBJ_wuvus8eZq5eoYedmrlpuUbNgH3PIBbJuPDUJxe7muskZbnQ-t_MsgSnXuSj8DDtlP/w264-h320/Great+Britain+117+Victoria.jpg" title="Great Britain 117 Victoria" width="264" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieMFSVf5Lz24QC2J-JVeib_TtL3qBg-cQaJXcx97L9ozyAb9IUlPs6Xk3UGGJvDLGez2MXU3suvyGWyTUlkZNQ3hPjcJKN2tUxDDYocKfVsPyCsZ_PoSQOUI9pVN2Q08yfPeB2/s433/Great+Britain+1855+2d+Blue+Plate+5.jpg" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0px; text-align: center;"><img alt="Great Britain 1855 2d Blue Plate 5" border="0" data-original-height="433" data-original-width="381" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEieMFSVf5Lz24QC2J-JVeib_TtL3qBg-cQaJXcx97L9ozyAb9IUlPs6Xk3UGGJvDLGez2MXU3suvyGWyTUlkZNQ3hPjcJKN2tUxDDYocKfVsPyCsZ_PoSQOUI9pVN2Q08yfPeB2/w282-h320/Great+Britain+1855+2d+Blue+Plate+5.jpg" title="Great Britain 1855 2d Blue Plate 5" width="282" /></a></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWjJxpfa2BTjMgokSjDqLZaY6gBuc0m9ceDsO8oDAvaZwQm4IUv3M2yVPNItd5APXe8Caasc0_xKEEEHjbnQtlkjIntsFHHiHWffs4CZqModbjhUrM4EA5i6v2G4Pk86jCkqCS/s342/Great+Britain+1884+Victoria.jpg" style="display: block; padding: 1em 0px; text-align: center;"><img alt="Great Britain 1884 Victoria" border="0" data-original-height="342" data-original-width="309" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWjJxpfa2BTjMgokSjDqLZaY6gBuc0m9ceDsO8oDAvaZwQm4IUv3M2yVPNItd5APXe8Caasc0_xKEEEHjbnQtlkjIntsFHHiHWffs4CZqModbjhUrM4EA5i6v2G4Pk86jCkqCS/w289-h320/Great+Britain+1884+Victoria.jpg" title="Great Britain 1884 Victoria" width="289" /></a></div><p><br /></p></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-72550529769580657822021-06-27T06:42:00.000-07:002021-06-27T06:42:02.940-07:00June 27th in stamps Republic of Ragusa, Giorgio Vasari, Sophie Germain<div>Here are some events that happened on June 27th. It could be an event or a person that died or was born on that day</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b>1358 – The Republic of Ragusa is founded.</b></div><div><br /></div><div>The Republic of Ragusa (Latin: Respublica Ragusina; Italian: Repubblica di Ragusa; Croatian: Dubrovačka Republika, lit. 'Dubrovnik Republic'; Venetian: Repùblega de Raguxa) was an aristocratic maritime republic centered on the city of Dubrovnik (Ragusa in Italian, German and Latin; Raguxa in Venetian) in Dalmatia (today in southernmost Croatia) that carried that name from 1358 until 1808. It reached its commercial peak in the 15th and the 16th centuries, before being conquered by Napoleon's French Empire and formally annexed by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy in 1808. It had a population of about 30,000 people, of whom 5,000 lived within the city walls. Its motto was "Non bene pro toto libertas venditur auro", which means "Liberty is not sold for all the gold in the world"</div><div><br /></div><div>Stamps from Croatia commemorating Dubrovnik</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7_vE7_wfHbQs-pTAT1I8wsnV2p5WTLQl32Jf-gyRvRblucsWUerqveBFPZ7k5XE-YzcccP-HQ9CwswZzOkHq4FRyaTDmSTXp0jybnPZpCluAnYdSxNn2z9rjJu9uDU4fslVqu/s500/Croatia+Dubrovnik.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Croatia Dubrovnik PEN" border="0" data-original-height="417" data-original-width="500" height="334" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj7_vE7_wfHbQs-pTAT1I8wsnV2p5WTLQl32Jf-gyRvRblucsWUerqveBFPZ7k5XE-YzcccP-HQ9CwswZzOkHq4FRyaTDmSTXp0jybnPZpCluAnYdSxNn2z9rjJu9uDU4fslVqu/w400-h334/Croatia+Dubrovnik.jpg" title="Croatia Dubrovnik PEN" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJeZxMo1sWiQM-toCTCFkAdx5QNKHADhHFae7J46e96b0Hq5acj-eRuw_uH6wjshuKEoaAt__NBqrrZ-3OlCaVunANRIV9aAQaSsF3FGkhpb59sr-X82Ra9N5uvziW3gYLaB13/s870/Mailman+from+Dubrovnik.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Mailman from Dubrovnik" border="0" data-original-height="606" data-original-width="870" height="279" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhJeZxMo1sWiQM-toCTCFkAdx5QNKHADhHFae7J46e96b0Hq5acj-eRuw_uH6wjshuKEoaAt__NBqrrZ-3OlCaVunANRIV9aAQaSsF3FGkhpb59sr-X82Ra9N5uvziW3gYLaB13/w400-h279/Mailman+from+Dubrovnik.jpg" title="Mailman from Dubrovnik" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b>1574 Died: Giorgio Vasari, Italian historian, painter, and architect (b. 1511)</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Giorgio Vasari (30 July 1511 – 27 June 1574) was an Italian painter, architect, engineer, writer, and historian, best known for his Lives of the Most Excellent Painters, Sculptors, and Architects, considered the ideological foundation of art-historical writing, and basis for biographies of several Renaissance artists including Leonardo da Vinci. Vasari designed the Tomb of Michelangelo in the Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence that was completed in 1578. Based on Vasari's text about Giotto's new manner of painting, Jules Michelet suggested for the first time the term Renaissance in his Histoire de France (1835), a term adopted by historiography and still in use today.</div><div><br /></div><div>Aside from his career as a painter, Vasari was also successful as an architect. His loggia of the Palazzo degli Uffizi by the Arno opens up the vista at the far end of its long narrow courtyard. It is a unique piece of urban planning that functions as a public piazza, and which, if considered as a short street, is unique as a Renaissance street with a unified architectural treatment. The view of the Loggia from the Arno reveals that, with the Vasari Corridor, it is one of very few structures that line the river which are open to the river itself and appear to embrace the riverside environment.</div><div><br /></div><div>In Florence, Vasari also built the long passage, now called Vasari Corridor, which connects the Uffizi with the Palazzo Pitti on the other side of the river. The enclosed corridor passes alongside the River Arno on an arcade, crosses the Ponte Vecchio and winds around the exterior of several buildings. It was once the home of the Mercado de Vecchio.</div><div><br /></div><div>He also renovated the medieval churches of Santa Maria Novella and Santa Croce. At both he removed the original rood screen and loft, and remodeled the retro-choirs in the Mannerist taste of his time. In Santa Croce, he was responsible for the painting of The Adoration of the Magi which was commissioned by Pope Pius V in 1566 and completed in February 1567. It was recently restored, before being put on exhibition in 2011 in Rome and in Naples. Eventually it is planned to return it to the church of Santa Croce in Bosco Marengo (Province of Alessandria, Piedmont).</div><div><br /></div><div>In 1562 Vasari built the octagonal dome on the Basilica of Our Lady of Humility in Pistoia, an important example of high Renaissance architecture.</div><div><br /></div><div>In Rome, Vasari worked with Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola and Bartolomeo Ammannati at Pope Julius III's Villa Giulia.</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div>Italian stamp commemorating Vasari's architectural work</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEib4yHOPNbx8QFK_fdEsQQ-sLqGHXM36E7m_oI7LHjbfu7uB1_-XDOL2uZOmeg-uXPk-t1PgMWNL8FbELd1qTaOmqi6N_S3cjCo904sOum_r6fcOGIEuHYfYpfw5GBI0EFPyLqO/s379/Italy+1974+Stamp+1208%252C+Museum+Of+Offices+Par+Giorgio+Vasari.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Italy 1974 Stamp 1208, Museum Of Offices Par Giorgio Vasari" border="0" data-original-height="379" data-original-width="316" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEib4yHOPNbx8QFK_fdEsQQ-sLqGHXM36E7m_oI7LHjbfu7uB1_-XDOL2uZOmeg-uXPk-t1PgMWNL8FbELd1qTaOmqi6N_S3cjCo904sOum_r6fcOGIEuHYfYpfw5GBI0EFPyLqO/w334-h400/Italy+1974+Stamp+1208%252C+Museum+Of+Offices+Par+Giorgio+Vasari.jpg" title="Italy 1974 Stamp 1208, Museum Of Offices Par Giorgio Vasari" width="334" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b>1831 Died: Sophie Germain, French mathematician and physicist (b. 1776)</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Marie-Sophie Germain (1 April 1776 – 27 June 1831) was a French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher. Despite initial opposition from her parents and difficulties presented by society, she gained education from books in her father's library, including ones by Leonhard Euler, and from correspondence with famous mathematicians such as Lagrange, Legendre, and Gauss (under the pseudonym of «Monsieur LeBlanc»). One of the pioneers of elasticity theory, she won the grand prize from the Paris Academy of Sciences for her essay on the subject. Her work on Fermat's Last Theorem provided a foundation for mathematicians exploring the subject for hundreds of years after. Because of prejudice against her sex, she was unable to make a career out of mathematics, but she worked independently throughout her life. Before her death, Gauss had recommended that she be awarded an honorary degree, but that never occurred. On 27 June 1831, she died from breast cancer. At the centenary of her life, a street and a girls’ school were named after her. The Academy of Sciences established the Sophie Germain Prize in her honor</div><div><br /></div><div>French stamp depicting Sophie Germain</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCTWY2kriE3xm0jbB5joAzRhaTXzHDMUWZKaDkeODg7nsRP7X1VejFVDcL8-y7fZv6ivdXiEFNjeoO0ZyUnsqNQWGdwNCtpkyf-e9csn3vDpe6f8Gm_NVNuZguL23zXFNdpgWl/s1519/France+2016+-+Birth+of+Sophie+Germain%252C+1776-1831.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="France 2016 - Birth of Sophie Germain, 1776-1831" border="0" data-original-height="1168" data-original-width="1519" height="308" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjCTWY2kriE3xm0jbB5joAzRhaTXzHDMUWZKaDkeODg7nsRP7X1VejFVDcL8-y7fZv6ivdXiEFNjeoO0ZyUnsqNQWGdwNCtpkyf-e9csn3vDpe6f8Gm_NVNuZguL23zXFNdpgWl/w400-h308/France+2016+-+Birth+of+Sophie+Germain%252C+1776-1831.jpg" title="France 2016 - Birth of Sophie Germain, 1776-1831" width="400" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-81154973658929410792021-06-26T07:44:00.000-07:002021-06-26T07:44:57.684-07:00June 26th in stamps Francisco Pizarro is assassinated, Albert I, Prince of Monaco, Peter Rosegger<p>Here are some events that happened on June 26th. It could be an event or a person that died or was born on that day</p><p><br /></p><p><b>1541 – Francisco Pizarro is assassinated in Lima by the son of his former companion and later antagonist, Diego de Almagro the younger. Almagro is later caught and executed.</b></p><p>Francisco Pizarro González (c.1471–1476 – 26 June 1541) was a Spanish conquistador, best known for his expeditions that led to the Spanish conquest of Peru.</p><p>Born in Trujillo, Spain to a poor family, Pizarro chose to pursue fortune and adventure in the New World. He went to the Gulf of Urabá, and accompanied Vasco Núñez de Balboa in his crossing of the Isthmus of Panama, where they became the first Europeans to reach the Pacific Ocean. He served as mayor of the newly founded Panama City for a few years, and undertook two failed expeditions to Peru. In 1529, Pizarro obtained permission from the Spanish crown to lead a campaign to conquer Peru and went on his third, and successful, expedition.</p><p>When local people who lived along the coast resisted this invasion, Pizarro moved inland and founded the first Spanish settlement in Peru, San Miguel de Piura. After a series of maneuvres, Pizarro captured the Incan emperor Atahualpa at the Battle of Cajamarca in November 1532. A ransom for the emperor's release was demanded and Atahualpa filled a room with gold, but Pizarro charged him with various crimes and executed him in July 1533. The same year, Pizarro entered the Inca capital of Cuzco and completed his conquest of Peru. In January 1535, Pizarro founded the city of Lima.</p><p>Stamps from Peru depicting Pizarro </p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-qVsayGGSKTQQ-0kXP6syGoqqhRKbQuodqy5uftH6u6o68XXAgleHqmrF0UpLfEwg330hXAWGD3PXD_77tNYSiA7cw_ERbLdR2EfDNN3nFM3TukLcNUc-I75cgq7PlMXkzjza/s746/Peru+Francisco+Pizarro+Proofs.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Peru Francisco Pizarro Proofs" border="0" data-original-height="291" data-original-width="746" height="250" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg-qVsayGGSKTQQ-0kXP6syGoqqhRKbQuodqy5uftH6u6o68XXAgleHqmrF0UpLfEwg330hXAWGD3PXD_77tNYSiA7cw_ERbLdR2EfDNN3nFM3TukLcNUc-I75cgq7PlMXkzjza/w640-h250/Peru+Francisco+Pizarro+Proofs.jpg" title="Peru Francisco Pizarro Proofs" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_d0imqo7TcJ_qMqEkWVd8_xdassyFtafTbCU-lFdVgoupa6eenx0y8aJyfHd8aH6I4ulgpC5fY7Suw9TJ4wBgR1b4FQmECG5Vx-Z7sePN3HkFpvqYxgYa0F_8mpBKqFiu6zQX/s1600/Spain+Famous+Explorer+Conquistador+Francisco+Pizarro.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Spain Famous Explorer Conquistador Francisco Pizarro" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="961" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh_d0imqo7TcJ_qMqEkWVd8_xdassyFtafTbCU-lFdVgoupa6eenx0y8aJyfHd8aH6I4ulgpC5fY7Suw9TJ4wBgR1b4FQmECG5Vx-Z7sePN3HkFpvqYxgYa0F_8mpBKqFiu6zQX/w192-h320/Spain+Famous+Explorer+Conquistador+Francisco+Pizarro.jpg" title="Spain Famous Explorer Conquistador Francisco Pizarro" width="192" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYmZFCf-NsIwY3e1clXNF_Gcs48ACX3isniaS4tCRBe5HiUEYWwmW4ohyMU4Opq2bNCeCnzYxSVefeRoxXcJ3b5rPogNdsrrSsHgY60sGYxyAgS4durh1b5p-G-q203GMB5qCk/s500/peru+The+Route+Of+Francisco+Pizarro.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="peru The Route Of Francisco Pizarro" border="0" data-original-height="363" data-original-width="500" height="290" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiYmZFCf-NsIwY3e1clXNF_Gcs48ACX3isniaS4tCRBe5HiUEYWwmW4ohyMU4Opq2bNCeCnzYxSVefeRoxXcJ3b5rPogNdsrrSsHgY60sGYxyAgS4durh1b5p-G-q203GMB5qCk/w400-h290/peru+The+Route+Of+Francisco+Pizarro.jpg" title="peru The Route Of Francisco Pizarro" width="400" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>1918 Died: Peter Rosegger, Austrian poet and author (b. 1843)</b></p><p>Peter Rosegger (original Roßegger ) (31 July 1843 – 26 June 1918) was an Austrian writer and poet from Krieglach in the province of Styria. He was a son of a mountain farmer and grew up in the woodlands and mountains of Alpl. Rosegger (or Rossegger) went on to become a most prolific poet and author as well as an insightful teacher and visionary.</p><p>In his later years, he was honored by officials from various Austrian universities and the city of Graz (the capital of Styria). He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature three times. He was nearly awarded the Nobel Prize in 1913 and is (at least among the people of Styria) something like a national treasure to this day.</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibZkp17ozPLZ0MuQXdDxiHVKynuVqpuky3llGOmg0G6VQ0vTIKxHh94HzR4R8zhjP-R528ygRmDstFmfj-Wme1MnGzZvp2Eppo_DEE6fi-Eh-fjZkITfNcWc3X4Aetsfh1x6ea/s823/Peter+Rosegger+Germany.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Peter Rosegger Germany" border="0" data-original-height="823" data-original-width="708" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEibZkp17ozPLZ0MuQXdDxiHVKynuVqpuky3llGOmg0G6VQ0vTIKxHh94HzR4R8zhjP-R528ygRmDstFmfj-Wme1MnGzZvp2Eppo_DEE6fi-Eh-fjZkITfNcWc3X4Aetsfh1x6ea/w275-h320/Peter+Rosegger+Germany.jpg" title="Peter Rosegger Germany" width="275" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk3j_3rgDlNkMyIXbEu-zsu6M-GhcEv0JB5U3GjTiOdP0qBbwLJNG5rgI17usgYtTINDYy83QhalJ73LUnkt1qV_UkeMZShyphenhyphenMNRNpqZAB-KPuQT-Psa6KqoSL39A1j04CEl5_S/s500/Austria+1968%252C+Peter+Rosegger+%25281843-1918%2529%252C+writer%252C+poet.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria 1968, Peter Rosegger (1843-1918), writer, poet" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="386" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhk3j_3rgDlNkMyIXbEu-zsu6M-GhcEv0JB5U3GjTiOdP0qBbwLJNG5rgI17usgYtTINDYy83QhalJ73LUnkt1qV_UkeMZShyphenhyphenMNRNpqZAB-KPuQT-Psa6KqoSL39A1j04CEl5_S/w247-h320/Austria+1968%252C+Peter+Rosegger+%25281843-1918%2529%252C+writer%252C+poet.jpg" title="Austria 1968, Peter Rosegger (1843-1918), writer, poet" width="247" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8SGVKQvc1PD-SrjtfM9pxRqSMRGRwht8erL3uaH9lTzQ3b1mxr_I15NuET4g6yTTUou95h8lff_nQhUZMLlLIG3FVKFRH_4MCed3xYbjpIOq2_852hfaR-NJiP_pc7_d_Igz4/s1509/Austria+1993+-+150th+Anniversary+of+the+Birth+of+Peter+Rosegger.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Austria 1993 - 150th Anniversary of the Birth of Peter Rosegger" border="0" data-original-height="1509" data-original-width="1228" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg8SGVKQvc1PD-SrjtfM9pxRqSMRGRwht8erL3uaH9lTzQ3b1mxr_I15NuET4g6yTTUou95h8lff_nQhUZMLlLIG3FVKFRH_4MCed3xYbjpIOq2_852hfaR-NJiP_pc7_d_Igz4/w260-h320/Austria+1993+-+150th+Anniversary+of+the+Birth+of+Peter+Rosegger.jpg" title="Austria 1993 - 150th Anniversary of the Birth of Peter Rosegger" width="260" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><br /></p><p><b>1922 Died: Albert I, Prince of Monaco (b. 1848)</b></p><div>Albert I (13 November 1848 – 26 June 1922) was Prince of Monaco and Duke of Valentinois from 10 September 1889 until his death. He devoted much of his life to oceanography. Alongside his expeditions, Albert I made reforms on political, economic and social levels, bestowing a constitution on the Principality in 1911.</div><div><br /></div><div>Prince Albert I of Monaco devoted much of his life to the study of the sea and oceans. At 22 years old, he embarked on a career in the then relatively new science of oceanography. Understanding the importance of the relationship between living creatures and their environment, he devised a number of techniques and instruments for measurement and exploration. Albert I was also the “instigator and promulgator” of the oceanographic science he contributed to create. He founded the Oceanographic Institute Foundation Albert I, Prince of Monaco is a private foundation recognized of public utility, established in 1906. It has two buildings: The Oceanographic Institute of Paris, now renamed Ocean House, and what became the world-renowned Oceanographic Museum of Monaco. This includes an aquarium, a museum, and a library, with research facilities in Paris.</div><div><br /></div><div>He owned four, increasingly impressive research yachts, Hirondelle, Princesse Alice, Princesse Alice II and Hirondelle II. Accompanied by some of the world's leading marine scientists, he travelled the length and breadth of the Mediterranean, making numerous oceanographic studies, maps and charts. In 1896, on an oceanographic survey of the Azores, he discovered the Princess Alice Bank.</div><div><br /></div><div>Stamps from Monaco depicting Albert I </div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrM-0RREkTd40wk3zRjUmm1jriicueU31lVB3ox0_Eb7r7g5oCO9ZHF7d3S6TMg28l8UOS5aAiImwFVls_7t4CQqffRMMO3k6H_6vn_aSEOHNdG0H66gaEuagdl0yStPpvU-vJ/s1600/MONACO+1991+Prince+Albert+I+Issue+Sheet.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Monaco 1991 Prince Albert I Issue Sheet" border="0" data-original-height="1024" data-original-width="1600" height="408" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhrM-0RREkTd40wk3zRjUmm1jriicueU31lVB3ox0_Eb7r7g5oCO9ZHF7d3S6TMg28l8UOS5aAiImwFVls_7t4CQqffRMMO3k6H_6vn_aSEOHNdG0H66gaEuagdl0yStPpvU-vJ/s640/MONACO+1991+Prince+Albert+I+Issue+Sheet.jpg" title="Monaco 1991 Prince Albert I Issue Sheet" width="640" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCDWkQACazLJThiHx4feYThpg9Lsmny8W4PBAa94qw_pM-tsqj8ytYkJSkrGIt8OgyiZY2aFegcuRWIn6aphTnpuDDcFN175k1L7AnoDqYsvnz-Ys3nR9gh1B0wlyJeTLRIHT2/s1600/Monaco+1910+Prince+Albert+I.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Monaco 1910 Prince Albert I" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="420" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCDWkQACazLJThiHx4feYThpg9Lsmny8W4PBAa94qw_pM-tsqj8ytYkJSkrGIt8OgyiZY2aFegcuRWIn6aphTnpuDDcFN175k1L7AnoDqYsvnz-Ys3nR9gh1B0wlyJeTLRIHT2/s320/Monaco+1910+Prince+Albert+I.jpg" title="Monaco 1910 Prince Albert I" width="268" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSrwLhJzuT4ADbE_BKz6AmWRItrVyVUZMwvfm1kluTqR0El0R4vrL-VQ_T1OmjJJFIJqX7-pnaYR2iIcvMLQaEQRZOQZPen3R4dSBU9QxVynK3DLsJlmtx6eCkwsV8Y2W63Xa1/s1600/Monaco+1910+Prince+Albert+I+10.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Monaco 1901 Prince Albert I 10.jpg" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="428" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhSrwLhJzuT4ADbE_BKz6AmWRItrVyVUZMwvfm1kluTqR0El0R4vrL-VQ_T1OmjJJFIJqX7-pnaYR2iIcvMLQaEQRZOQZPen3R4dSBU9QxVynK3DLsJlmtx6eCkwsV8Y2W63Xa1/s320/Monaco+1910+Prince+Albert+I+10.jpg" title="Monaco 1901 Prince Albert I 10.jpg" width="273" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi63ats1rN8m9tAaq_xSwoiS1g7kJU0SUmlLYyxT4QKlD-TbQUDmqntosiZXgtnzrr0DpjE6xifXWPUtcPTSNSoh7AJ3cdCmEq4AryOoXIroe1uhLgm288vfZ5zbfsO8RXTC4yV/s1600/Monaco+1966+Prince+Albert+I.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Monaco 1966 Prince Albert I" border="0" data-original-height="877" data-original-width="1100" height="255" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi63ats1rN8m9tAaq_xSwoiS1g7kJU0SUmlLYyxT4QKlD-TbQUDmqntosiZXgtnzrr0DpjE6xifXWPUtcPTSNSoh7AJ3cdCmEq4AryOoXIroe1uhLgm288vfZ5zbfsO8RXTC4yV/s320/Monaco+1966+Prince+Albert+I.jpg" title="Monaco 1966 Prince Albert I" width="320" /></a></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-4927647690821745332021-06-25T06:11:00.000-07:002021-06-25T06:11:23.716-07:00June 25th in stamps Virginia statehood, Antoni Gaudí, The Diary of Anne Frank is published<p>Here are some events that happened on June 25th. It could be an event or a person that died or was born on that day</p><p><br /></p><p><b>1788 – Virginia becomes the tenth state to ratify the United States Constitution.</b></p><p>Virginia (/vərˈdʒɪniə/ (About this soundlisten)), officially the Commonwealth of Virginia, is a state in the Mid-Atlantic and Southeastern regions of the United States, between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains. The geography and climate of the Commonwealth are shaped by the Blue Ridge Mountains and the Chesapeake Bay, which provide habitat for much of its flora and fauna. The capital of the Commonwealth is Richmond; Virginia Beach is the most-populous city, and Fairfax County is the most-populous political subdivision. The Commonwealth's population as of 2020 is over 8.65 million, with 36% of them living in the Baltimore–Washington metropolitan area.</p><p>The area's history begins with several indigenous groups, including the Powhatan. In 1607 the London Company established the Colony of Virginia as the first permanent English colony in the New World. Virginia's state nickname, the Old Dominion, is a reference to this status. Slave labor and land acquired from displaced native tribes fueled the early growth of the colony's plantation economy, but also fueled conflicts both inside and outside the colony. Virginia was one of the Thirteen Colonies in the American Revolution. Virginia was split by the American Civil War, when the state government in Richmond joined the Confederacy, which made that city its capital, but many counties remained loyal to the Union, and formed West Virginia. Although the Commonwealth was under one-party rule for nearly a century following Reconstruction, both major national parties are competitive in modern Virginia.</p><p>Virginia's state legislature is the Virginia General Assembly, which was established in 1619 and is the oldest continuous law-making body in North America. It is made up of a 40-member Senate and a 100-member House of Delegates. The state government is unique in how it treats cities and counties equally, manages local roads, and prohibits governors from serving consecutive terms. Virginia's economy has many sectors: agriculture in the Shenandoah Valley; high tech and federal agencies, including the headquarters of the U.S. Department of Defense and Central Intelligence Agency, in Northern Virginia; and military facilities in Hampton Roads, the site of the region's main seaport.</p><p>US stamp issued to commemorate Virginia's statehood</p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2tw75TkusESej1X04ECRFQ6TdTwSjwW1ZN5Mm3I86p7nKcOF52kYR8A-Losmz2t-pgGbLkvwxrHEz3oH_RJGVqAyaqy2aKAEfaCcgWZsjmMsuw0QGHaH-jHZofeQMxHLX-0QU/s967/US+1988+25c+Virginia+Bicentenary+Statehood.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="US 1988 25c Virginia Bicentenary Statehood." border="0" data-original-height="967" data-original-width="643" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEh2tw75TkusESej1X04ECRFQ6TdTwSjwW1ZN5Mm3I86p7nKcOF52kYR8A-Losmz2t-pgGbLkvwxrHEz3oH_RJGVqAyaqy2aKAEfaCcgWZsjmMsuw0QGHaH-jHZofeQMxHLX-0QU/w213-h320/US+1988+25c+Virginia+Bicentenary+Statehood.jpg" title="US 1988 25c Virginia Bicentenary Statehood." width="213" /></a></div><br /><p><br /></p><p><b>1852 Born: Antoni Gaudí, Spanish architect, designed the Park Güell (d. 1926)</b></p><p>Antoni Gaudí i Cornet (25 June 1852 – 10 June 1926) was a Catalan architect known as the greatest exponent of Catalan Modernism. Gaudí's works have a highly individualized, one-of-a-kind style. Most are located in Barcelona, including his main work, the church of the Sagrada Família.<br /><br />Gaudí's work was influenced by his passions in life: architecture, nature, and religion. He considered every detail of his creations and integrated into his architecture such crafts as ceramics, stained glass, wrought ironwork forging and carpentry. He also introduced new techniques in the treatment of materials, such as trencadís which used waste ceramic pieces.<br /><br />Under the influence of neo-Gothic art and Oriental techniques, Gaudí became part of the Modernista movement which was reaching its peak in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. His work transcended mainstream Modernisme, culminating in an organic style inspired by natural forms. Gaudí rarely drew detailed plans of his works, instead preferring to create them as three-dimensional scale models and moulding the details as he conceived them.<br /><br />Gaudí's work enjoys global popularity and continuing admiration and study by architects. His masterpiece, the still-incomplete Sagrada Família, is the most-visited monument in Spain. Between 1984 and 2005, seven of his works were declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO. Gaudí's Roman Catholic faith intensified during his life and religious images appear in many of his works. This earned him the nickname "God's Architect" and led to calls for his beatification.<br /><br />Spanish stamps depicting Gaudi's works<br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNApP-HkHJYSZVeNaZd00vYEG4ckceRzTbdYmVu1pCjhQEzGr5r8G5oo8OlSG050k6aPMX5axF6j500lx5HXatmxvJJ7DNtTaY4j9rVDF-IRZCpPJdqkc4wDrxadsuL5woa_jd/s1600/Spain+1960+-+Philatelic+Congress+Barcelona+Gaudi+%25282%2529.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Spain 1960 - Philatelic Congress Barcelona Gaudi" border="0" data-original-height="731" data-original-width="454" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjNApP-HkHJYSZVeNaZd00vYEG4ckceRzTbdYmVu1pCjhQEzGr5r8G5oo8OlSG050k6aPMX5axF6j500lx5HXatmxvJJ7DNtTaY4j9rVDF-IRZCpPJdqkc4wDrxadsuL5woa_jd/s320/Spain+1960+-+Philatelic+Congress+Barcelona+Gaudi+%25282%2529.jpg" title="Spain 1960 - Philatelic Congress Barcelona Gaudi" width="198" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5CHtfAEHyJoA7NZmsmcbwLk88f3hyac_RWa19pbwEKBErKNhRaSd0Ds6WWZwMkaQItUpGsQZCI39ZO-SjU6U2FaYF9Dcz-3OQtPUFqXTO1J2Ofl2VwLgPk8So7sjvZ9Ev4sCl/s1600/Spain+1960+-+Philatelic+Congress+Barcelona+Gaudi.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Spain 1960 - Philatelic Congress Barcelona Gaudi" border="0" data-original-height="721" data-original-width="459" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg5CHtfAEHyJoA7NZmsmcbwLk88f3hyac_RWa19pbwEKBErKNhRaSd0Ds6WWZwMkaQItUpGsQZCI39ZO-SjU6U2FaYF9Dcz-3OQtPUFqXTO1J2Ofl2VwLgPk8So7sjvZ9Ev4sCl/s320/Spain+1960+-+Philatelic+Congress+Barcelona+Gaudi.jpg" title="Spain 1960 - Philatelic Congress Barcelona Gaudi" width="203" /></a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeOni8qXJ9N4ulpEpqtw6M-0g7dUcwsHv2ZmYETwdlaJEHRktvipXhECCsFCzIkPnw83Q6E3g12v6aK8sGunuwQFM4LrzExyE3dbbasD2uC2wOgF4b1STZOINiwFPpLmMKCBqW/s1600/Spain+-+2014.+world+heritage.+Gaudi.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Spain - 2014. world heritage. Gaudi" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1135" height="640" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjeOni8qXJ9N4ulpEpqtw6M-0g7dUcwsHv2ZmYETwdlaJEHRktvipXhECCsFCzIkPnw83Q6E3g12v6aK8sGunuwQFM4LrzExyE3dbbasD2uC2wOgF4b1STZOINiwFPpLmMKCBqW/s640/Spain+-+2014.+world+heritage.+Gaudi.jpg" title="Spain - 2014. world heritage. Gaudi" width="454" /></a></div><p><br /></p><p><b>1947 – The Diary of a Young Girl (better known as The Diary of Anne Frank) is published.</b></p><p>During World War II, Anne Frank hid from Nazi persecution with her family and four other people in hidden rooms at the rear of the 17th-century canal house, known as the Secret Annex (Dutch: Achterhuis). Anne Frank did not survive the war but in 1947, her wartime diary was published. In 1957, the Anne Frank Foundation was established to protect the property from developers who wanted to demolish the block.<br /><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAwHGrwEr40GTmuKpCmovKQz2YH4T6lsb1lD6ZJCV8ZDAGe9jcQzcqykwDV_mVViHVFRrAASxekYPtNmUph7726L5Be6HlR5lZEAByfIE82Edb67jaCXZ5bR-03Oe4yd0KtXC8/s1600/AnneFrankGermany.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="1942 – Anne Frank and her family go into hiding in the "Secret Annexe" above her father's office in an Amsterdam warehouse" border="0" data-original-height="500" data-original-width="424" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjAwHGrwEr40GTmuKpCmovKQz2YH4T6lsb1lD6ZJCV8ZDAGe9jcQzcqykwDV_mVViHVFRrAASxekYPtNmUph7726L5Be6HlR5lZEAByfIE82Edb67jaCXZ5bR-03Oe4yd0KtXC8/s320/AnneFrankGermany.jpg" title="1942 – Anne Frank and her family go into hiding in the "Secret Annexe" above her father's office in an Amsterdam warehouse" width="271" /></a></div><p><br /></p><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIo92Ee6gNJonFmPiqYes8WNZT_QbbGYjy2wvH2lKLfiZgKI6aO-Xu8lIoarMbuvrNbTnxJN6shyVGESxM8eXqezlRhjAmHHRFZBTK-LsPmf1iKTV1kEpRAZpdpXFxHwz8Ee7p/s1600/AnneFrankNederlandFDC.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="1942 – Anne Frank and her family go into hiding in the "Secret Annexe" above her father's office in an Amsterdam warehouse" border="0" data-original-height="630" data-original-width="1154" height="347" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjIo92Ee6gNJonFmPiqYes8WNZT_QbbGYjy2wvH2lKLfiZgKI6aO-Xu8lIoarMbuvrNbTnxJN6shyVGESxM8eXqezlRhjAmHHRFZBTK-LsPmf1iKTV1kEpRAZpdpXFxHwz8Ee7p/s640/AnneFrankNederlandFDC.jpg" title="1942 – Anne Frank and her family go into hiding in the "Secret Annexe" above her father's office in an Amsterdam warehouse" width="640" /></a></div><p><br /></p>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-30520595.post-8573898052848080392021-06-24T05:38:00.000-07:002021-06-24T05:38:29.800-07:00June 24th in stamps John Cabot lands in North America, Strzelecki, Carl Diem<div>Here are some events that happened on June 24th. It could be an event or a person that died or was born on that day</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b>1497 – John Cabot lands in North America at Newfoundland leading the first European exploration of the region since the Vikings.</b></div><div><br /></div><div>John Cabot (Italian: Giovanni Caboto; c. 1450 – c. 1500) was an Italian navigator and explorer. His 1497 voyage to the coast of North America under the commission of Henry VII of England is the earliest-known European exploration of coastal North America since the Norse visits to Vinland in the eleventh century. To mark the celebration of the 500th anniversary of Cabot's expedition, both the Canadian and British governments elected Cape Bonavista, Newfoundland as representing Cabot's first landing site. However, alternative locations have also been proposed.</div><div><br /></div><div>Canadian stamps depicting John Cabot</div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW3aXNPeDf5t-HyY0e6hzt_afIkPWrhC7P1RihjmhpQ4TtL-DkSJAlIUjWNEU6Y5CEeSRNBsjT7BDRZOiKCry8sJgyZCS-8PZy2wshWUqoxf6NdrOKTNaT8FksSXMAkyLp2N_9/s1600/Newfoundland+John+Cabot.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Newfoundland John Cabot" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1295" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgW3aXNPeDf5t-HyY0e6hzt_afIkPWrhC7P1RihjmhpQ4TtL-DkSJAlIUjWNEU6Y5CEeSRNBsjT7BDRZOiKCry8sJgyZCS-8PZy2wshWUqoxf6NdrOKTNaT8FksSXMAkyLp2N_9/w259-h320/Newfoundland+John+Cabot.jpg" title="Newfoundland John Cabot" width="259" /></a></div><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhE2r0wBQEbYxdvieHYcrwuHeXXWpIzlCC5NPX0109dNOrQnVdoPFS1ObITqOYjxRqwaBE9zA06sQj-Oa1zf2hd8ovo-n9CKgd9_Ch2ixkv4UzUtW4ct1-4rJqzF6FJnZQvGlZc/s1455/Newfoundland+Colony+Seal+John+Cabot+Discovery+Issue.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Newfoundland Colony Seal John Cabot Discovery Issue" border="0" data-original-height="1455" data-original-width="1167" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhE2r0wBQEbYxdvieHYcrwuHeXXWpIzlCC5NPX0109dNOrQnVdoPFS1ObITqOYjxRqwaBE9zA06sQj-Oa1zf2hd8ovo-n9CKgd9_Ch2ixkv4UzUtW4ct1-4rJqzF6FJnZQvGlZc/w257-h320/Newfoundland+Colony+Seal+John+Cabot+Discovery+Issue.jpg" title="Newfoundland Colony Seal John Cabot Discovery Issue" width="257" /></a></div><br /><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDb_BP-GPt3nR4bmKDPic_DeJ1FMsUgUO26Kn4LPwxW-358yYkXEL_bHWqN9oXVZBhTRUQffQH4XRAmE_aX7ExWgDGVe4Tt66KeY7PDMP0gxHnrvdIxM5Whc7p8DFL88-T1PUC/s1537/Canada+John+Cabot+1997+FDC.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Canada John Cabot 1997 FDC" border="0" data-original-height="919" data-original-width="1537" height="382" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDb_BP-GPt3nR4bmKDPic_DeJ1FMsUgUO26Kn4LPwxW-358yYkXEL_bHWqN9oXVZBhTRUQffQH4XRAmE_aX7ExWgDGVe4Tt66KeY7PDMP0gxHnrvdIxM5Whc7p8DFL88-T1PUC/w640-h382/Canada+John+Cabot+1997+FDC.jpg" title="Canada John Cabot 1997 FDC" width="640" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div><br /><div><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b>1797 Born: Paweł Edmund Strzelecki, Polish geologist and explorer (d. 1873)</b></div><div><br /></div><div>Sir Paweł Edmund Strzelecki (24 June 1797 – 6 October 1873), also known as Paul Edmund de Strzelecki, was a Polish explorer and geologist who in 1845 also became a British subject. He is noted for his contributions to the exploration of Australia, particularly the Snowy Mountains and Tasmania as well as climbing and naming the highest mountain on the continent – Mount Kosciuszko (2,228 m)<br /><br />Polish stamp depicting Strzelecki<br /><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK1EPAZIc-S-icQoKJV7vflhPay5jvgPyZcHgpPX0vqV9kSlFwCHiwWGO4UPnAcN_3rUXILSWR_2-tmyAVzII4_DrgA5kclE0nWRSY8aN6tpyDIuxjDQohmSxmGd7NNSbcb87T/s1600/1873+Died+Pawe%25C5%2582+Strzelecki%252C+Polish-English+geologist+and+explorer+%2528b.+1797%2529.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="1873 Died: Paweł Strzelecki, Polish-English geologist and explorer (b. 1797)" border="0" data-original-height="1600" data-original-width="1307" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiK1EPAZIc-S-icQoKJV7vflhPay5jvgPyZcHgpPX0vqV9kSlFwCHiwWGO4UPnAcN_3rUXILSWR_2-tmyAVzII4_DrgA5kclE0nWRSY8aN6tpyDIuxjDQohmSxmGd7NNSbcb87T/s400/1873+Died+Pawe%25C5%2582+Strzelecki%252C+Polish-English+geologist+and+explorer+%2528b.+1797%2529.jpg" title="1873 Died: Paweł Strzelecki, Polish-English geologist and explorer (b. 1797)" width="326" /></a></div></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><br /></div><div><br /></div><div><b>1882 Born: Carl Diem, German businessman (d. 1962)</b></div><div><b><br /></b></div><div>Carl Diem (born 24 June 1882, Würzburg – 17 December 1962, Cologne) was a German sports administrator, and as Secretary General of the Organizing Committee of the Berlin Olympic Games, the chief organizer of the 1936 Olympic Summer Games.</div><div><br /></div><div>He created the tradition of the Olympic torch relay when he organized the 1936 build-up event, and was an influential historian of sport, particularly the Olympic games.</div><div><br /></div><div>German stamp depicting Carl Diem</div><div><br /></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBOZwBaABAlLcWm5jdc4w54ZW068vtX1Z6KB0C70E9YPxfpBcrGpjRH-ZEdIfJgXzOaKJMLhyphenhyphenHSlJXE-xbJ4B88uu6QBwp70g5eJATgHj0xwsWnGToagveLlfZruWz2giMzOxH/s1120/Carl+Diem+on+a+commemorative+West+German+postage+stamp.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img alt="Carl Diem on a commemorative West German postage stamp" border="0" data-original-height="1120" data-original-width="700" height="400" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjBOZwBaABAlLcWm5jdc4w54ZW068vtX1Z6KB0C70E9YPxfpBcrGpjRH-ZEdIfJgXzOaKJMLhyphenhyphenHSlJXE-xbJ4B88uu6QBwp70g5eJATgHj0xwsWnGToagveLlfZruWz2giMzOxH/w250-h400/Carl+Diem+on+a+commemorative+West+German+postage+stamp.jpg" title="Carl Diem on a commemorative West German postage stamp" width="250" /></a></div><br /><div><br /></div>Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0